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Present Status and Prospects of Marine Chemical Bioindustries (해양화학생물산업의 현황과 전망)

Lee, Sun-Bok;Cho, Sun-Ja;Lee, Shin-Youb;Paek, Kwang-Hyun;Kim, Jeong-A;Chang, Jin-Hwa
- KSBB Journal
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- v.24 no.6
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- pp.495-507
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- 2009
As we move into the 21st century, the importance of marine resources is certain to increase due to the accelerated exhaustion of land resources. For the sustainable development of the world, therefore, we need to develop marine chemical bioindustries which enable us to produce industrial chemicals, advanced materials, fuels, and minerals from marine resources such as seaweeds and seawater. In this review, we selected five marine chemical bioindustries which include 1) seaweed polysaccharide industry, 2) marine advanced materials industry, 3) marine biofuel industry, 4) marine sea salt industry, and 5) deep-sea water industry, and discussed the current status and future prospects of each industry sector. It has been assessed that the future of marine chemical bioindustry looks very promising although there are many needs for more intensive research investments on marine bioprocess development through close cooperation between marine biologists and biochemical engineers.
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The Scope and Limits of Law Enforcement at Sea on International Law Violations (해상에서 국제법 위반행위에 대한 법 집행권의 범위와 한계)

Kim, Suk Kyoon
- Strategy21
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- s.45
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- pp.60-90
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- 2019
The use of the high seas are supported by the two pillars of customary principles --the freedom of navigation and the flag state control on its vessels, which are codified in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. There have been attempts to limit and retrain the two pillars as maritime regimes are newly created to address new maritime threats, while coastal stares' control over the seas expand. The pillars have been created over thousands years since human beings took to the sea and have served as a foundation to use the oceans peacefully and orderly. Therefore, any retreat or exception from these principles would undermine the fundamental framework for the use of the oceans and eventually these regimes would be subject to control of maritime powers. In conclusion, new maritime regimes such as the sanction measures on North Korea should be enforced within the framework of international law and comply with the fundamental principles such as innocent passage and the freedom of navigation at the high seas.
https://doi.org/10.22803/strategy21.2019.s45.060 인용 PDF

A Study on Maritime Claims based on the ICOW Project and Its Implications to the Dokdo Issue (ICOW 데이터를 활용한 해양관할권 분쟁 연구 동향 및 독도 문제에 대한 함의)

Han, Jong-Hwan
- Strategy21
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- s.45
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- pp.91-115
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- 2019
When compared to land territorial claims, maritime claims have not attracted as much attention from the public as well as the academia. However, after the ICOW (Issue Correlates of War) data was published and was expanded to include maritime and river claims, there have been many quantitative studies that analyze maritime claims or separate different types of territorial claims to explain various mechanisms over different types of territorial claims. These quantitative studies have provided valuable explanations about the onset and the management of maritime claims. This research tries to review these quantitative research. Most studies about maritime claims, especially regarding the management of claims, analyze maritime claims based on two different levels of factors. First, from the perspective of systemic level, several studies focus on the role of international institutions and systemic level of democracy to explain the management of maritime claims. Second, at the dyadic level, many studies explain how the issue salience, past experience, the presence of resources, joint democracy, and relative power influence the occurrence of peaceful settlement attempts or conflictual behaviors over maritime claims. Based on the review of these literature, this research tries to identify several factors to explain the Dokdo issue and to encourage peaceful settlement attempts over the Dokdo issue.
https://doi.org/10.22803/strategy21.2019.s45.091 인용 PDF