• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.247-248
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• 2000

개불류는 연안의 사니질에서 쉽게 발견되며 그 종류의 수나 자원량이 풍부한 저서동물군이다. 이들은 번식력이 강하고 저질에 U자형의 굴을 뚫어 해수를 순환하게 함으로써 유기성분을 변화시켜 저질을 정화시키기도 하는 등, 연안생태계에서 매우 중요한 위치를 점하고 있다. 개불의 양식기술을 개발하기 위해서는 우선적으로 어미의 확보 및 산란유발, 난발생 및 유생사육 등에 관한 생물학적인 기초자료가 필요하게 된다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.345-346
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• 2001

동해안은 최근 몇 년 사이에 갯녹음 현상으로 연안생태계에서 해조류가 쇠퇴하여 어패류의 먹이감소와 서식공간이 줄어드는 연안어장의 황폐화가 진행되고 있다. 갯녹음의 발생원인은 여러 가지 복합적 요인에 의해서 이루어지며, 특히 동해안과 같이 쿠로시오 난류세력의 영향이 미치는 곳에서 무절석 회조류의 번무와 함께 갯녹음역이 확산되는 것으로 알려져 있다 (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.487-488
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• 2001

저서동물은 생태계 내에서 여러 가지 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 저서생물은 유용저서어류나 유용 무척추동물의 먹이로서 매우 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있다. (Dean, 1973: McIntyre, 1978; McIntyre and Eleftherion,1968) 따라서 저서동물은 먹이생물로서 저서어류의 성장효율과 생산에 큰 영향을 미치는 요인이 될 수가 있다(Mills,1975). 또한 저서동물은 부식질 먹이 연쇄를 통하여 퇴적물내의 영양염을 변화 시킬 뿐만 아니라 최적물 내에서 수괴로의 영양염 재순환의 중요한 매개자 역할을 한다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.311-312
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• 2001

앞으로의 양식 방법은 자연 환경을 훼손시키지 않는 환경 친화적 양식을 모색해야만 하며 오배수는 자연 수계로 배출하기 전 처리하여 생태계의 균형을 깨뜨리지 않는 양식 방법으로 생산성을 올려야만 한다. 이에 소량의 물 사용과 적절한 수처리 기술을 이용한 순환여과식 양식 방법은 전 세계적으로 관심을 받고 있으며, 환경 단체나 정부 및 지역 단체의 지지를 얻고 있다(Van Rijn, 1996). (중략)

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.263-276
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• 2021

Marine benthic organisms have been used as the indicators for the environment assessment and recently considered as a very important component in the biodiversity and ecosystem restoration. In Korean waters, the quantitative data on marine benthos was used as one of major components for the marine pollution assessment for 50 years since 1970s. The species identification which is an important factor for the quantitative biological data was mainly performed by the marine benthic ecologists. This leads to the deterioration of the data quality on marine benthos from the misidentication of major taxonomic groups due to the lack of taxonomic expertise in Korea. This taxonomic problem has not been solved until now and remains in most data from national research projects on the marine ecosystems in Korean waters. Here we introduce the quality assurance and control (QA/QC) system for the marine biological data in UK, that is, NMBAQC (Northeast Atlantic Marine Biological Analytic and Quality Control) Scheme which has been performed by private companies to solve similar species identification problems in UK. This scheme asks for all marine laboratories which want to participate to any national monitoring programs in UK to keep their identification potency at high level by the internal quality assurance systems and provides a series of taxonomic workshops and literature to increase their capability. They also performs the external quality control for the marine laboratories by performing the Ring Test using standard specimens on various faunal groups. In the case of Korea, there are few taxonomic expertise in two existing national institutions and so they can't solve the taxonomic problems in marine benthic fauna data. We would like to provide a few necessary suggestions to solve the taxonomic problems in Korean marine biological data in short-terms and long-terms: (1) the identification of all dominant species in marine biological data should be confirmed by taxonomic expertise, (2) all the national research programs should include taxonomic experts, and (3) establishing a private company, like the Korea marine organism identification association (KMOIA), which can perform the QA/QC system on the marine organisms and support all Korean marine laboratories by providing taxonomic literature and species identification workshops to enhance their potency. The last suggestion needs more efforts and time for the establishment of that taxonomic company by gathering the detailed contents and related opinions from diverse stakeholders in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.359-360
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• 2000

해양 생태계에서 규조류는 요각류의 생산력에 필요한 중요한 먹이인 것으로 인식되고 있다. 그러나, 많은 실험실 연구에서 규조류가 요각류의 번식력을 억제할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다 (Ban et al., 1997; Poulet et at., 1994, 1995; Chaudron et al., 1996). 요각류 성체 암컷이 규조류를 섭식할 경우 요각류의 알 생산력이나 알 부화율이 낮아질 수 있으며, 이러한 저해 작용은 규조류가 아닌 다른 먹이 (와편모조류)로 대체하였을 경우, 정상적으로 회복될 수 있으며, 이러한 저해 작용은 먹이로 제공된 규조류의 밀도가 높을수록 더 강하게 나타나고 있었다. 이러한 증거들로 인하여 실제 해양에서 요각류의 번식력과 규조류 사이의 연결성에 대하여 의문이 제기되고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2002

Development of the shore in western sea is decreasing of silt and is threatening sea ecosystem. Large size land-reclamation work by industralization have caused weather changes and sea changes, and have generated much changes topography of sea bottom and coastline. Also, It is influencing to route of ship. In this research, line for 0 m, 2 m, and coastline of land portion is digitalized. It is divided in four block, and is analyzed severally to know the degree of coastal changes by new airport construction, new town construction, and tide embankment construction.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2007

Rapid variation of coastal ecosystem in the East Sea of Korea, such as fishery resource variation and subtropical chang of bentic flora, accordong to the global warming are actually noticed. In this study we try to identify the characterics of water mass existing in this coastal area and to consider the variation of their physical and chemical properties using data of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen obtained by National Fisheries Research & Development Institute from 1960 to 2005. The temperature of all water mass rise during last 45 years; the rise of North Korea Cold Water temperature (about $2.33^{\circ}C$) is 1.5 times higher than that of Tsushima warm water (about $1.6^{\circ}C$), and the temperature rise of Tsushima Surface Water, directly affected by climate chang is $2.57^{\circ}C$, higher than the atmospheric temperature rise during same period, indicating that subtropical change makes progress more rapidly in the coastal marine ecosystem than in the land ecosystem. Otherwise, the salinity in the surface water decrease $0.29\%_{\circ}$ during last 45 years due to the rising trend of rainfall with atmospheric temperature. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the all water mass make a decreasing trend. Specially for the North Korea Cold Water, the dissolved oxygen concentration diminish 0.021 mg/l per year and the decrease in the East Sea Proper Water indicate a change of inner water circulation system.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.625-639
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• 2019

Microplastics are one of the substances threatening the marine ecosystem. Here, we summarize the status of research on the effect of microplastics on marine life and suggest future research directions. Microplastics are synthetic polymeric compounds smaller than 5 mm and these materials released into the environment are not only physically small but do not decompose over time. Thus, they accumulate extensively on land, from the coast to the sea, and from the surface to the deep sea. Microplastic can be ingested and accumulated in marine life. Furthermore, the elution of chemicals added to plastic represents another risk. Microplastics accumulated in the ocean affect the growth, development, behavior, reproduction, and death of marine life. However, the properties of microplastics vary widely in size, material, shape, and other aspects and toxicity tests conducted on several properties of microplastics cannot represent the hazards of all other microplastics. It is necessary to evaluate the risks according to the types of microplastic, but due to their variety and the lack of uniformity in research results, it is difficult to compare and analyze the results of previous studies. Therefore, it is necessary to derive a standard test method to estimate the biological risk from different types of microplastics. In addition, while most of the previous studies were conducted mostly on spheres for the convenience of the experiments, they do not properly reflect the reality that fibers and fragments are the main forms of microplastics in the marine environment and in fish and shellfish. Furthermore, studies have been conducted on additives and POPs (persistent organic pollutants) in plastics, but little is known about their toxic effects on the body. The effects of microplastics on the marine ecosystems and humans could be identified in more detail if standard testing methods are developed, microplastics in the form of fibers and fragments rather than spheres are tested, and additives and POPs are analyzed. These investigations will allow us to identify the impact of microplastics on marine ecosystems and humans in more detail.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2017

In this study, we evaluated the toxic effects of heavy metals (As, Cr and Pb) on the population growth rate (r) of the marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum. The r of the species was determined after 96 h (4 days) exposure to As (0, 0.31, 0.63, 1.25, 2.50 and 5.00 mg L^-1), Cr (0, 0.16, 0.31, 0.63, 1.25 and 2.50 mg L^-1) and Pb (0, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00 and 20.00 mg L^-1). It was observed that r in the control (absence of As, Cr and Pb) were greater than 0.04, however suddenly decreased with increased heavy metal concentrations. As, Cr and Pb reduced r in a dose-dependent manner and a significant reduction were occurred at concentration of greater than 0.31, 0.31 and 5.00 mg L^-1, respectively. Based on the toxicity, the heavy metal were ranked as Cr>As>Pb, with EC₅₀ (50% effective concentration) values of 0.80, 2.57 and 13.88 mg L^-1, respectively. The lowest-observed-effective-concentration (LOEC) of r in exposed to As, Cr and Pb were 0.63, 0.63 and 10.00 mg L^-1, respectively. Precisely, a concentration of greater than 0.63 mg L^-1 of As, 0.63 mg L^-1 of Cr and 10.00 mg L^-1 of Pb in marine ecosystems induced toxic effect on the r of S. costatum. Based on our results, we suggested that the r of S. costatum might be a useful bio-indicator for the toxicity assessment of heavy metals on the producer in marine ecosystems.