• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2018

Sea pollution accidents have been occurred due to the increase of marine ship traffic. Oil spill from the hull hole induced by tanker collision results in the huge sea pollution. Proper and prompt reaction on such oil spill disaster is needed to minimize the damage. Thru-hull emergency wood plug is typically used to manually close small holes, while it is required to develop some mechanical devices for closing large holes in the hull due to huge fluid pressure. Accurate estimation of oil discharge and velocity from such holes are important to develop proper device to control hull hole damage. High resolution CFD modeling investigation on the configurations of hull hole of 7.5 m initial depth and 30 cm diameter, which was observed in the oil spill accident of the Hebei Sprit off the west coast of Korea in 2007, has been carried out to compute the oil spill velocity distribution in terms of flow depth. Friction loss due to the viscous flow and the discharge coefficient of crude oil with specific gravity SG = 0.85 and viscosity of $4-12cP(mPa{\cdot}s)$ at the temperature of $20^{\circ}C-100^{\circ}C$ are presented in terms of Reynolds number based on the results of high-resolution CFD modeling.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2008

As we can see at the oil spill occident on the coast of Taean, the viscosity of the spilled oil becomes thicker as time goes by. It becomes waste oil with the form of tar. It moves to other areas following a tide. When the temperature of the water goes up, the viscosity becomes lighter and forms oil film. It repeats the process spreading to and polluting extensive areas where the tide reaches. People have used hand nets to collect waste oil of tar at the sea. But it is very difficult for them to collect the tar type waste oil spread on large areas before it reaches to the beach. This paper tried to find a way to collect the tar type waste oil efficiently. It used absorption mat of boom type that uses the attachment characteristics of the tar type waste oil and floating waste recovery device of net type. It tested the possibility of using the devices at the oil spill accident on the beach of Taean. The result showed that net type recovery device was much more efficient in collecting the waste oil in short time than the hand net system of people. It confirmed that the net type recovery device could be used to collect tar type waste oil.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.228-232
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• 2016

As the quantity of HNS sea trasport and the number of HNS accidents at sea are increasing recently, the importance of HNS management is emphasized so that we try to develop marine accident case standard code for making HNS accidents at sea databased systemically in this study. First and foremost, we draw the related requisites of essential accident reports along with internal and external decrees and established statistics of classified items for conducting study, and we referred to analogous standard codes obtained from developed countries in order to research code design. Code design is set like 'Accident occurrence ${\rightarrow}$ The initial accident information ${\rightarrow}$ Accident response ${\rightarrow}$ Accident investigation' in accordance with the general flow of marine HNS accidents of in which the accident information is input and queried. We classified initial accident information into the items of five categories and constructed "Preliminary Information Code(P.I.C.)". In addition we constructed accident response in two categories and accident investigation in three categories that get possible after the accident occurrence as called "Full Information(F.I.C.)", including the P.I.C. It is represented in 3 kinds of steps on each topic by departmentalizing the classified majority as classified middle class and classified minority. As a result of coding marine HNS accident and of the code to a typical example of marine HNS accident, HNS accident was ascertained to be represented sufficiently well. We expect that it is feasible to predict possible trouble or accident henceforward by applying code, and also consider that it is valuable to the preparedness, response and restoration in relation to HNS accidents at sea by managing systemically the data of marine HNS accidents which will occur in the future.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.14-15
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• 2018

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.72-75
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• 1996

연안지역의 개발 및 이용으로 오염물질의 발생량이 증가하게 될 뿐 아니라, 발생된 오염물질은 인근 하천 및 해역에 의한 방류 등으로 연안해역의 환경을 오염시키고 있다(통상산업부 등, 1996). 연안에서 발생하는 오염물질의 하천유입, 해양방류 및 해상투기 또는 오염물질 유출사고가 연안환경에 미치는 장ㆍ단기적인 영향을 파악하기 위해서는 대상해역의 흐름을 고려한 오염물질의 이송ㆍ확산을 적절하게 예측하여야 한다(National Research Council, 1994). (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.322-331
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• 2016

Oil budget calculator identifies the removal pathways of spilled oil by both natural and response methods, and estimates the remaining oil required response activities. A oil budget calculator was newly developed as a response tool for Deepwater Horizon oil spill incident in Gulf of Mexico in 2010 to inform clean up decisions for Incident Comment System, which was also successfully utilized to media and general public promotion of oil spill response activities. This study analyzed the theoretical background of the oil budget calculator and explored its future application to Korea. The oil budge calculation of four catastrophic marine pollution incidents indicates that 3~8% of spilled oil was removed mechanically by skimmers, 1~5% by in-situ burning, 4.8~16% by chemical dispersion due to dispersant operation, and 37~56% by weathering processes such as evaporation, dissolution, and natural dispersion. The results show that in-situ burning and chemical dispersion effectively remove spilled oil more than the mechanical removal by skimming, and natural weathering processes are also very effective to remove spilled oil. To apply the oil budget calculator in Korea, its parameters need to be optimized in response to the seasonal characteristics of marine environment, the characteristics of spilled oil and response technologies. A new algorithm also needs to be developed to estimate the oil budget due to shoreline cleanup activities. An oil budget calculator optimized in Korea can play a critical role in informing decisions for oil spill response activities and communicating spill prevention and response activities with the media and general public.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.690-698
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• 2017

Vietnam is a marine nation with more than 3,444 km of shorelines, thousands of islands, and 2,360 rivers and canals of over 42,000 km long. As the frequency and the volume of oil transportation by ships increase, the possibility of oil spill incidents becomes higher than ever. Fuel oil and cargo oil spills at sea have widespread impact and long-term consequences on marine ecosystems, coastal resources and human health as well as socio-economy. This study is to show not only the present state of marine oil spills in Vietnam such as the number and the volume of oil spills for two decades, and an overall about Vietnamese national response system like national framework for Oil Spill Response (OSR), etc. but also to present the recommendations for enhancing national capability in response to oil spill incidents in Vietnam, especially, with a comparison of national OSR systems between Vietnam and South Korea. As the result, the number and the volume of marine oil spills in Vietnam showed an upward trend as opposed to a downward trend in South Korea. This means that Vietnam has the possibility of oil spills in coastal waters. Therefore, three main recommendations for the enhancement of national OSR capability in Vietnam are proposed as follows: (1) the development of alternative plan for reenforcing national OSR system involving legal system for preparedness and response to oil spill pollution such as the acceptance and implementation of OPRC Convention as well as the establishment of national fund compensating for the damage and loss caused by oil pollution; (2) the enhancement of a consistent reporting, alerting and monitoring system; and (3) the development of training and exercise programs with standard contents of educational courses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.10-12
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• 2010

환경 민감 지도는 해양 유출유 사고 시 효율적이고 신속한 방제 업무를 위한 유용한 정보이다. 그러나 해상교통 및 안전 분야 종사자는 전통적으로 해도 및 전자해도 사용에 익숙하여 현 환경민감지도의 색상 및 심볼의 낮은 친숙도가 지적된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 전자해도의 제작 표준에 해당하는 수로데이터 표준모델에 따라 환경민감지도 데이터를 제작하고 전자해도 표현방법에 따라 표시 하였다. 세부 연구 내용으로 환경민감정보에 대한 객체와 속성, 표현 심볼 및 색상에 대해 정의하고, 기존 환경민감정보를 내부 전자해도 포맷으로 변환하였다. 다음으로 내부 전자해도 데이터를 전자해도 표현방법에 따라 전자해도 레이어에 중첩시켜 그 결과를 확인 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2001

Tankers have somewhat different shapes in construction and working condition compared with normal merchant ship. If an accident occurs, normal merchant ship's damages will mostly be confined to ship and cargo, but those of tankers will result in oil spills and catastrophic loss beyond our imagination. So, first we must understand risk factors, pre-loss control and post-loss control, legal regulations about its indemnification and marine insurance for oil tanker operation. When unexpected accidents happen, despite pre-loss control, it is possible to cover those kinds of losses by insurance. To control these losses, however, it is important to establish compensation for oil pollution and arrange for oil pollution preventing system. In spite of these oil pollution preventing systems, we have rarely seen that pollution from oil tankers could be solved. So this paper was studied more fundamental and overall control measures for the risk management of oil tanker operation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.603-612
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• 2017

Accidents associated with hazardous materials, including oil and HNS, in maritime transportation show increasing trend. Therefore, preventive countermeasures for such accidents should be provided. The purpose of this study is to analyze level of risk on human loss and potential damage to environment, using data on domestic marine accidents carrying hazardous materials (2002~2014), and identify high-risk accident types for urgent risk management which needs findings of accident causes and proper mitigation measures. High-risks on human loss are explosion and suffocation, occurred in process of ship maintenance and tank cleaning. On the other hand, high-risk on environmental damage is spill caused by ship accidents (collision, grounding and etc.). Especially, spill occurs during loading operation of oil and HNS onboard a ship. Strict operation supervision/management and safety education/training on a regular basis could prevent accidents, because human factors such as not wearing safety gear and careless cargo handling cause most of the marine accidents.