• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.232-238
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to know the effect of Korean medical treatments on prurigo nodularis. Methods : We treated a 9-years-old boy patient with prurigo nodularis with Korean Medicine. After Korean medical treatment for 6 months, we measured the change of nodule and itching. Results & Conclusions : Symptoms of prurigo nodularis were improved remarkably. Nodule was reduced and itching was removed. Thus Korean medical treatments are effective on prurigo nodularis.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.98-104
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• 2011

We investigated inhibitory effects of ginseng extracts against compound 48/80-induced responses in rat peritoneal mast cells. Initially, we optimized extraction condition with various temperature and time for recovery of high saponin contents in extracts. Using a primary rat peritoneal mast cells, we examined whether ginseng extracts inhibit compound 48/80-induced histamine release form rat mast cells. High red ginseng-spercific saponin containing extracts were recovered at $85^{\circ}C$ for 48 hr, and had no cytotoxicity with relatively high dose of extracts on rat peritoneal mast cells(<0.5 mg/ml). For examine of ameliorate effects of mast cells responses by ginseng extract, we pre-treated the extracts or saline to mast cells and treated compound 48/80. In results, compound 48/80 treatment was increased histamine release (approximately 30%) from mast cells than normal group, whereas ginseng treatment was completely inhibited histamine release. These results suggested that ginseng extracts inhibits the compound 48/80-induced mast cell activation, and ginseng extracts is a candidate for effective therapeutic tools of allergic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 2011

낙상은 노인의 건강을 위협하는 가장 심각한 문제 중의 하나이며, 조기사망, 신체손상, 운동장애, 심리학적 기능장애를 유발하는 원인이기도 하다. 본 연구의 목적은 국내 노인전문 요양병원 입원 환자들의 의약품 사용이 낙상에 미치는 영향을 평가하는데 있다. 후향적으로 원내 의무기록 정보를 이용하여 환자-대조군 연구를 수행하였고, 2008년 1월부터 2010년 12월까지 3년 기간에 입원한 65세 이상을 대상으로 하였다. 입원기간 중 낙상을 경험한 34명의 노인환자들을 환자군으로 선택하였으며 낙상을 경험하지 않은 68명의 노인환자들을 무작위 추출하여 1:2의 환자군:대조군비율로 연구 대상 환자들을 선정하였다. 환자군이 복용한 의약품을 대조군이 복용한 의약품과 비교하였으며 각 계열별 의약품과 낙상위험도 관계를 평가하였다. 두 그룹간의 인구통계학적 특성은 유사하였고 연령, 성별, 복용 의약품수, 고혈압 유무, 혈중 크레아티닌 수치, 혈중 나트륨 수치, 혈압 또는 심박수에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 항히스타민제와 본 연구에서 유일하게 기타 수면보조제로 분류된 졸피뎀이 유의하게 낙상위험도를 증가시켰다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.308-322
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• 1996

Background : Neutrophils are considered to play critical roles in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Histamine, which is distributed abundantly in lung tissue, increases the rolling of neutrophills via increase of P-selectin expression on the surface of endothelial cells and is known to have some interrelationships with IL-1, IL-8 and TNF-$\alpha$. We studied to investigate the effect of the histamine on the acute lung injury of the rats induced by intratracheal insufflation of TNF-$\alpha$ which has less potency to cause lung injury compared to IL-1 in rats. Methods : We intratracheally instilled saline or TNF(R&D, 500ng), IL-1(R&D, 50ng)or histamine of varius dose(1.1, 11 and $55\;{\mu}g/kg$) with and without TNF separately in Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 270-370 grams. We also intratracheally treated IL-1(50ng) along with histamine($55\;{\mu}g/kg$). In cases, there were synergistic effects induced by histamine on the parameters of TNF-induced acute lung injury, antihistamines(Sigma, mepyramine as a $H_1$ receptor blockade and ranitidine as a $H_2$ receptor blockade, 10 mg/kg in each)were co-administered intravenously to the rats treated TNF along with histamine($1.1\;{\mu}g/kg$) intratraeheally. Then after 5 h we measured lung lavage neutrophil numbers, lavage cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractants(CINC), lung myeloperoxidase activity(MPO) and lung leak. We also intratracheally insufflated TNF with/without histamine($11\;{\mu}g/kg$), then after 24 h measured lung leak in rats. Statistical analyses were done by Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test with Dunn's multiple comparison test or by Mann-Whitney U test. Results : We found that rats given TNF, histamine alone(11 and $55\;{\mu}g/kg$), and TNF with histamine(l.1, 11, and $55\;{\mu}g/kg$) intratracheally had increased (p<0.05) lung MPO activity compared with saline-treated control rats. TNF with histamine $11\;{\mu}g/kg$ had increased MPO activity (P=0.0251) compared with TNF-treated rats. TNF and TNF with histamine(1.1, 11, and $55\;{\mu}g/kg$) intratracheally had all increased (p<0.05) lung leak, lavage neutophil numbers and lavage CINC activities compared with saline. TNF with histamine $1.1\;{\mu}g/kg$ had increased (p=0.0367) lavage neutrophil numbers compared with TNF treated rats. But there were no additive effect of histamine with TNF compared with TNF alone in acute lung leak on 5 h and 24 h in rats. Treatment of rats with the $H_1$ and $H_2$ antagonists resulted in inhibitions of lavage neutrophil accumulations and lavage CINC activity elevations elicited by co-treated histamine in TNF-induced acute lung injury intratracheally in rats. We also found that rats given IL-1 along with histamine intratracheally did not have increase in lung leak compared with IL-1 treated rats. Conclusion : Histamine administered intratracheally did not have synergistic effects on TNF-induced acute lung leak inspite of additive effects on increase in MPO activity and lavage neutrophil numbers in rats. These observations suggest that instilling histamine intratracheally would not play synergistic roles in neutrophil-mediated acute lung injury in rats.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.702-706
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• 2008

Punica granatum (PG) evidences a variety of physiological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antiinflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-oxidative activities. Using the human basophilic KU812F cells, the inhibitory effects of the methanolic extract of PG seed, shell, and juice on calcium ionophore, A23187-induced degranulation were assessed. All of the PG extracts inhibited A23187-induced intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ levels, ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase, and histamine release in a dose-dependent manner. These results showed that all of the PG extracts are potent inhibitors of degranulation in allergic reactions, via the suppression of $Ca^{2+}$ influx.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.219-229
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• 2002

Background : Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by many cellular and humoral mediators induced by an endotoxin. Histamine, which is widely distributed in the lungs and has been considered as an important mediator of sepsis. It increases P-selectin expression on the endothelial cell surfaces and induces IL-8 secretion. Therefore, an endotoxin-induced histamine may be related to neutrophil-mediated ALI by inducing the migration and activation of neutrophils in the lung tissue. However, the role of endogenous histamine in endotoxin ALI has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate how endotoxin-induced ALI is influenced by endogenous histamine and to identify the possible mechanism of action. Materials and Methods : The study consisted of 4 groups using Sprague-Dawley rats : 1) control group, where the rats were infused intratracheally by normal saline, 2) an endotoxin group, where lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was administered intratracheally 3) the $H_2$ receptor antagonist-treated group ($H_2$ group) and 4) the $H_1$ receptor antagonist-treated group ($H_1$ group), where $H_2$-receptor blocker (ranitidine) and $H_1$-receptor blocker(pyrilamine) were co-treated intravenously with the intratracheal administration of an endotoxin. The lung leak index using $I^{125}$-BSA, the total protein and LDH concentration in the lung lavage fluid, myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity in the lung tissue, the pathologic score and the total number of neutrophils, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-10 in lung lavage (BAL) fluid were measured in each group as the indices of lung injury. Results : Compared to the control group, the endotoxin group exhibited significant increases in all lung injury indices. Significant reductions in the endotoxin-mediated increases in lung leak index (p<0.05) were observed in both the $H_1$ and $H_2$ groups. In addition the total protein (p<0.05) and LDH concentration (p<0.05) in the BAL fluid were also lower in the $H_2$ group compared to the endotoxin group. However, there was no change in the MPO activity in the lung tissue, the pathologic score and the total number of neutrophils in the BAL fluid in both the $H_2$ and $H_1$ groups compared to the endotoxin group. The increases in TNF-$\alpha$ IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-10 concentrations in the BAL fluid observed in the endotoxin group were not reduced in the $H_2$ and $H_1$ groups. Conclusion : Antihistamine attenuated the enhanced alveolar-capillary permeability induced by the endotoxin via the $H_2$ receptor. However the attenuating mechanism may not be related to the pathogenesis of neutrophil dependent lung injury.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.232-232
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• 1994

인삼이 면역계 질환의 일종인 과민성 반응에 대한 치료약으로서의 가능성을 연구하기 위해서 in viva와 in vitra실험을 수행하였다. in vitra실험으로서는 hyaluronidase의 활성을 지표로 삼았으며, in viva실험에서는 mouse이각, rat등피부, 복강 비만세포, 그리고 guinea pig의 ileum에서 면역반응에 대한 아답타겐의 작용을 관찰하였다. in uitra 실험에서는 hyaluronidase와 histamine 분비를 항알레르기 작용의 지표로 사용하였다. hyaluronidase의 경우 그 활성은 Cacl2로 활성화 시키기 전이나 후에 모두 아답타겐(100, 50, 및 10 mg/ml)에 의해서 현저하게 억제되었다. 한편 rat 복강 비만 세포에서의 histamine유리 시험에서는 아답타겐(0.5, 1, 5mg/ml)이 histamine유리가 증가되었다. Guinea pig의 ileum 평활근에서는 아답타겐이 평활근 자극 작용없이 항히스타민 효과률 나타내었다. in uiua 실험의 첫 단계로 우리는 혈관 투과성에 미치는 아답타겐의 효과를 mouse 이각과 rat 등피부에서 관찰하였다. Mouse이각에서의 실험에서는 hoistamine, serotonin, 그리고 LTC4로 challenge하여 관찰한 결과 histamine과 serotonin의 경우, 혈관투과성 항진은 아답타겐(50-400mg/m1)에 의해서 유의성있게 억제되었으나, rat 등 피부에서는 mouse에서와는 달리 48-hr PCA가 증가 되었고, histamine에 의한 혈관투과성 항진은 아답타겐에 의해 영향을 받지 않았다. 반면에 compound 48/80과 serotonin에 의한 혈관투과성 항진은 mouse 의 경우에서처럼 아답타겐에 의해 억제되었다.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 1985

Experimental studies were conducted to investigate for the effect of Tongkyu-tang on analgesic, antipyretic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, isolated ileum and anti-histamine actions. Tongkyu-Tang was composed of sixteen crude drugs including Astragali Radix, which has been used for the treatment of common cold, headache, rhinitis, nasal obstruction, rhincospasm, etc. The following results have been obtained; analgesic and antipyretic actions were obtained. Prolonged action against the hypnotic duration of pentobarbital were significantly noted in mice. Anti-inflammatory effects in the paw edema induced by 1% carrageenin and 1% dextran were significantly shown in rats. Spontaneous motilities of isolated ileum of mice were strongly suppressed, and contractions of isolated ileum of mice and guinea-pigs induced by acetylcholine chloride, barium chloride and histamine were remarkably inhibited. Antihistamine actions were noted. Considering the above experimental results, it is suggested that effects of Tongkyu-tang based on the Oriental Medical References were similarly consistent with the actual experimental results.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 1989

The weak UV absorbing antihistaminics such as chlorpheniramine, triprolidine, tripelennamine and diphenhydramine were analyzed by charge-transfer spectrophotometric method. The results obtained are summarized as folows. It was possible to determine a weak UV absorbing antihistaminics using the intense charge-transfer UV bands in chloroform. Charge transfer complexes were formed in a 1:1 ratio between antihistaminics and iodine in chloroform. Linear relationship was found between absorbance and concentration in the range of $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}M-5.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}M$ for chlorpheniramine( ${\varepsilon}\;=\;2.082\;{\times}\;10^4$) and tripelennamine ( ${\varepsilon}\;=\;1.578\;{\times}\;10^4$), $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}M-8.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}M$ for triprolidine ( ${\varepsilon}\;=\;1.120\;{\times}\;10^4$) and $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}M-1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-4}M$ for diphenhydramine ( ${\varepsilon}\;=\;9.900\;{\times}\;10^3$). Charge transfer complexes of chlorpheniramine, triprolidine and tripelennamine have absorption maxima at 293 nm and complex form of diphenhydramine has absorption maximum at 270 nm. By UV, IR spectra, it could be inferred that CT-complexes were formed by interaction between the basic nitrogen of antihistaminics as electron donor (non bonding electron) and iodine as electron acceptor (${\sigma}$ bonding electron).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2010

The principal objective of this study was to compare and analyze the qualitative properties of MLT (mulberry leaf tea) and FMLT (fermented mulberry leaf tea) on the basis of the anti-cancer and anti-allergy activities of various extracts. The inhibitory effect against S-180 solid cancer in vivo were measured as 16.67% for FMLT and 17.78% for MLT. When the anti-allergy effects of the extracts of MLT and FMLT were evaluated, the hot water extract was shown to block histamine secretion more effectively than the ethanol extract for both groups. Furthermore, when the levels of the inflammatory cytokine of HMC-1 were measured, the ethanol extract was found to inhibit the inflammatory cytokine more effectively than the hot water extract, and the FMLT group was more effective than the MLT group.