• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.717-723
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• 2007

In recent years, the transportation sector has been undergoing very rapid and multifarious changes due to the M&A, alliances between shipping companies, introduction of larger container ship as it cost reduction measure and the application of integrated logistics to satisfy the needs of customers. Therefore, container terminal is required adequate terminal facilities, sufficient channel depth, efficient handling and low cost of port fees and dues. The purpose of this paper is for functional assessment of efficient container terminal. Firstly, the container operating process information about yard equipment and chassis is extracted through the analysis of practical daily work report of container terminal. Also, the formulae of skill factor and troubles of operator on transfer crane are defined. Lastly, container handling simulation model which consideration of skill factor and trouble of operator is proposed by Petri network model.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a 3D visualization system that expresses the simulation results of port container operation monitoring and planning in terms of the movements of the surrounding environment including static and dynamic objects. It also enables us to objectively evaluate the operation model by way of animating the actual port operations. With XML-based design of object states, the port simulator visualization system (PSVS) that we propose has been implemented so as to maximize the interoperability with the existing port operation simulation (CATOS), and express the realtime animation of large-scale objects. The design method of PSVS system is explained, and its validity is experimentally examined.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.154-162
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• 2010

A simulation technique is very useful method to analyze the performance on various engineering area. To automate port systems, we have need of simulation to analyze an effect of assigning and operating devices. Thus we propose simulation methodology to be applied to an analysis, evaluation, planning for port automation. To do this, we have adopted the discrete event system specification based system entity structure / model base framework for modeling and simulation environment. We have performed modeling and simulation on entities of port systems such as container crane, yard tractor, transfer crane, etc. The proposed methodology has an advantage being able to effectively simulate on alternatives of composition and operation strategy for port systems. Some case studies will show the validity of proposed simulation methodology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.61-62
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• 2011

이 연구는 경인아라뱃길 중의 경인항 인천 컨테이너터미널의 부두축조에 있어서 터미널 활용의 경제성을 감안한 대상 선박의 조종성능 및 운동성능을 검토하고, 대상선박의 통항 및 접 이안 안전성 확보에 필요한 적정 수역 및 부두길이를 확정하여 준설토 투기장의 부족문제 해결을 위한 부두전면의 최선의 준설범위를 결정하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 550 TEU급 컨테이너선을 인천갑문 쪽으로 접안 배치하고, 1,000 TEU급의 컨테이너선을 갑문에서 멀리 떨어진 수역에서 접이안 조종함으로써 최대한의 안전성을 확보할 수 있도록 한다. 이러한 상황을 감안하여 인천항 도선사협회 전문가들과의 협의를 거쳐서, 안전한 선박조종 수역을 포함한 최적의 부두길이 결정을 위한 부두배치안 2개(제1안, 제2안)를 설정하여 선박조종 시뮬레이션을 통하여 2개의 안에 대한 대상 선박의 접이안 안전성을 평가하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.129-130
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• 2009

컨테이너 터미널에서 하역작업 생산성은 운영전략과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 본 연구는 수직배치형 컨테이너 터미널을 대상으로 여러 운영전략에 따른 하역생산성의 변화를 살펴보았다. 자가하역이 가능한 ALV 이송시스템을 대상으로 시뮬레이션 모형을 개발하여 하역작업 생산성에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 실험에 따르면 수직배치인 경우에 본선작업 물량의 장치장 분산 할당이 중요한 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.471-477
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• 2004

In this study, we introduce a 3-dimensional simulation to support the Design on ACT(Automated Container Terminal). This simulation system developed to simulate virtual operations of ACT using 3-dimensional simulation and animate the simulated results with real time. And the developed system applied an object-oriented design and C++ programming to increase the reusability and extensibility. We select several items of performance evaluation for objects used in ACT in terms of problem detection, problem forecast, and logic feasibility, and provide evaluation points for the design of ACT.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.140-141
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• 2019

Busan Port is being operated inefficiently by a number of container terminal operators, which are dispersed in small groups. In particular, the small terminal at Busan Port is causing the dispersion of quantity, the increase of ITT cargo and the occurrence of a ship waiting at sea as the ship's Alliance became larger in 2016. As a result, studies such as integrated operations for the larger container terminals are being conducted. Therefore, in this study, we intend to set up a type of integrated operation for terminals at the new port of Busan and measure the practical effects through simulation to present an ideal direction for integrated operation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2017

Forecasting container cargo volumes is very important factor for port related organizations in inversting in the recent port management. Especially forcasting of domestic and foreign container volume is necessary because adjacent nations are competing each other to handle more container cargoes. Exact forecasting is essential elements for national port policy, however there is still some difficulty in developing the predictive model. In this respect, the purpose of this study is to develop and suggest the forecasting model of container cargo volumes of China using System Dynamics (SD). The monthly data collected from Clarkson's Shipping Intelligence Network from year 2004 to 2015 during 12 years are used in the model. The accuracy of the model was tested by comparisons between actual container cargo volumes and forecasted corgo volumes suggested by the research model. The MAPE values are calcualted as 6.21% for imported cargo volumes and 7.68% for exported cargo volumes respectively. Less than 10% of MAPE value means that the suggested model is very accurate.

• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.106-111
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• 2002

해상운송에서 규모의 경제 이익을 달성하기 위해 선박의 크기가 대형화되고, 항만이 중심항만과 주변항만으로 양분화 되어감에 따라 컨테이너 터미널의 효율적 운영을 통한 경쟁력 확보가 중요시되고 있다. 컨테이너의 효율적인 적하는 선박의 효율과 양적하에 직접 관여하는 터미널 중심 장비인 켄트리 크레인의 효율을 극대화하도록 계획되어야 한다. 적하 문제는 선박의 크기와 각 터미널에서의 적하량에 종속되는 NP-hard 문제이다 본 연구에서는 컨테이너 적하 문제를 크게 두 개의 단계로 나누어 적하 계획을 수행한다. 무한한 경우의 수를 두 단계로 나눈 계획 시스템에 의해 크기를 줄인다. 첫 번째 단계는 컨테이너를 선박의 각 해치별로 배치하는 단계이고, 두 번째 단계는 각 해치별로 배정된 컨테이너를 특정 슬롯에 배치하는 것이다. 이렇게 분해된 문제의 각 단계에서 유전 알고리즘(Genetic Algorithm)을 사용하여 최적의 적하계획을 세운다. 그리고 정기 컨테이너선의 운항모형을 수립하고, 각 항구에서의 양·적하를 수행하여 구축된 시스템의 적합성을 시뮬레이션하여 평가한다

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.331-337
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• 2009

Container crane is main equipment in container terminals and it determines the productivity and the efficiency of container terminals. The typical type of container cranes has the single trolley and one among advanced types of them has the dual trolley. The objective of this paper is to analyze the buffer size of a container crane with the dual trolley in container terminals. We present a simulation model for analysing the buffer space of a container crane with the dual trolley. The buffer space is located between main trolley in sea-side and second trolley in yard-side. We performs various simulation experiments and analyze the buffer size to estimate the required productivity.