• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• no.88
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• pp.20-25
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• 2002

행정지도에 대한 공정위의 기본입장은 먼저 행정지도의 근거가 법령에 명문화되어 있고 실제 행정지도의 목적, 수단, 내용 및 방법 등이 당해 법령의 규정에 합치되는 경우에는 이에 따른 사업자 또는 사업자 단체의 행위는 공정거래법 제58조에서 규정한 법령에 따른 정당한 행위에 해당되므로 원칙적으로 공정거래법상 문제되지 않는다고 할 것이다. 그러나 행정지도가 개별 법령에 근거 없이 이루어진 경우 이에 따른 사업자 또는 사업자단체의 행위가 부당공동행위로 인정될 때에는 원칙적으로 공정거래법에 위반된다고 할 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.3-39
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• 2011

People may operate unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones) thousands of miles from the drone's location. Drones were first used (like balloons) for surveillance. By 2001, the United States began arming drones with missiles and using them to strike targets during combat in Afghanistan. By mid-2010, over forty states and other entities possessed drones, many with the capability of launching missiles and dropping bombs. Each new development in military weapons technology invites assessment of the relevant international law. This Insight surveys the international law applicable to the recent innovation of weaponizing drones. In determining what international law rules govern drone use, the most salient feature is not the fact that drones are unmanned. The fact drones carry no human operator may be the most important new technological breakthrough, but the key feature for international law purposes is the type of weaponry drones carry. Whether law enforcement rules govern drone use depends on the situation and not necessarily who is operating the drone. Battlefield weapons may also be lawfully used before an armed conflict in the following situations: when initiating self-defense under Article 51 of the United Nations Charter; when authorized by the UN Security Council; when a government seeks to suppress internal armed conflict; and, perhaps, when a state is invited to assist a government in suppressing internal armed conflict. The rules governing resort to force in self-defense are found in Article 51 of the UN Charter and a number of decisions by international courts and tribunals. Commentators continue to debate whether drone technology represents the next revolution in military affairs. Regardless of the answer to that question, drones have not created a revolution in legal affairs. The current rules governing battlefield launch vehicles are adequate for regulating resort to drones. More research must be undertaken, however, to understand the psychological effects of deploying unmanned vehicles and the effects on drone operators of sustained, close visual contact with the aftermath of drone attacks.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-39
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• 2019

Even after the Constitutional Court decided on August 23, 2012 that the provisions of abortion were constitutional, discussions on the abolition of abortion continued. The controversy about abortion is not only happening recently, but it has already existed since the time when the Penal Code was enacted, and it shares the history of modern legislation with the Republic of Korea. Legislators whom submitted amendment while insisting upon the eradication of abortion in the process of enacting criminal law at that time, presented social and economic adaptation reasons as the core reason. From then on, the abolition of abortion has been discussed during the development dictatorship, but this was not intended to guarantee women's human rights, but it was closely connected to the national policy projects of "Contraception" and "Family Planning" of the Park's dictatorship. Since then, the enactment of the Mother and Child Health Law, which restrictively allow artificial abortion, was held on February 8, 1973, in an emergency cabinet meeting that replaced the legislative power after the National Assembly was disbanded. It became effected May 10th. The reason behind the Mother and Child Health Law that included legalization of abortion in part was that the Revitalizing Reform at that time did not allow any opinion, so it seem to be it was difficult for the religious to express opposition. The "Maternal and Child Health Law" enacted in this way has been maintained through several amendments. It can be seen that the question of maintenance of abortion has been running on parallel lines without any significant difference from the time when the Penal Code was enacted. On August 23, 2012, the Constitutional Court decided that the Constitutional Opinion and the unonstitutional Opinion were 4: 4. However, it was decided by the Constitution without satisfying the quorum for unconstitutional decision of the Constitutional Court. This argument about abolition of abortion is settled for the the time being with the decision of the constitutional inconsistency of the Constitutional Court, and now, the National Assembly bears the issue of new legislation. In other words, the improved legislation must be executed until December 31, 2020, and if the previous improved legislation is not implemented, the crime of abortion (Article 269, Paragraph 1, Article 270 of the Criminal Code) Article 1 (1) will cease to be effective from 1 January 2021. Therefore, in the following, we will look into the reason of the Constitutional Court's constitutional discordance adjudication on criminal abortion(II), and how it structurally differs from the previous Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court. After considering key issues arised from the constitutional discordance adjudication(III), the legislative direction and within the scope of legislative discretion in accordance with the criteria presented by the Constitutional Court We reviewed the proposed revisions to the Penal Code and the Mather and Child Health Act of Korea(IV).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.547-550
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• 2005

Gauge blocks are the most widely used material measure in length field in industry. The gauge block interferometer, which is the gauge block measuring system, comprises Twyman-Green type interferometer optics and light sources having precisely known wavelengths. This paper describes the work done for advancing the measurement system and automating the measurement process. The advancing of the system was done mainly by exchanging the spectral lamp with the frequency stabilized lasers, and the automation of measurement was achieved by modifying the hardware and developing the automatic measuring software. As the results of this work, the contrast of interferometric fringes of gauge blocks longer than 100 mm s enhanced about 20 times, and the measurement time has reduced down to 50% by automation.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.54-60
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• 1991

전세계의 국가 규격들은 GLOBALIZATION 또는 HARMONIZATION의 경향으로 점차 단일화 의 추세로 변해가고 있으나, 측정에 있어서만은 그 나라의 규격해석 및 측정기술에 따라 상호 DEVIATION 을 갖고 있으면서, 측정 DATA의 상호 재현 및 합치가 이루어지지 않은 것은 국가간 또는 시험 기관간의 상호기술교류 및 상호인증제도가 미흡한 까닭이라고 얘기할 수 있다. 한정된 지면을 통해서 각 국가 규격의 측정법을 세밀히 분석하는 것은 거의 어려운 관계로 측정기술의 기본 원리에 촛점을 두어 실제 측정시 도움이 되었으면 하는 바램으로 전개해 볼까 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2015

The plastic stress distribution method and the strain compatibility method are the two representative methods to calculate the P-M interaction strength of RCFT (rectangular concrete filled tube) columns. The plastic stress distribution method is approximate while the stress compatibility method should approach the exact solution if accurate constitutive relations of the materials involved are used. Recent study by the authors pointed out that, because of lack of accurate constitutive model for the concrete confined by the rectangular steel tube, no strain compatibility method according to the current structural provisions provides a satisfactory prediction of the P-M interaction strength of RCFT columns under various material combinations. An empirical constitutive model which can capture the stress-strain characteristics of the confined concrete of RCFT columns is proposed based on analyzing extensive exisitng test database. The key idea was to define the concrete crushing strain as a function of steel-to-concrete strength ratio and width-to-thickness ratio of steel tube. It was shown that the proposed model leads to more accurate and more consistent prediction of the P-M interaction strength of RCFT columns under general design conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.173-175
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 정보통신망 이용촉진 및 정보보호 등의 관한 법률에서 '타인'의 범위에 관한 해석을 논점으로 삼고 있다. 대법원은 위 법 제49조의 '타인'의 범위에 관한 해석에서 생존한 사람뿐만 아니라 사망한 자도 포함하여 해석하고 있다. 물론 동법의 사자(死者)도 정보통신망의 안정성과 정보의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 포섭하여 해석할 수 있다는 견해가 존재할 수 있지만 형법 및 형사특별법은 죄형법정주의라는 이념상 허용될 수 없다는 견해가 타당하다. 형사법의 해석은 형벌이라는 가혹한 법률효과를 예정하고 있으므로 형벌법규의 해석은 엄격해야 하고 명문규정의 의미를 피고인에게 불리한 방향으로 확장해석하거나 유추해석을 해서는 안된다. 만약 동법 제49조의 '타인'의 범위에 사자(死者)를 포함한다면 법률해석의 방법인 문리해석, 논리해석, 목적론적 해석, 헌법 합치적 해석에도 반하므로 동법에서 '타인'의 범위에 사자(死者)를 포함시키고자 한다면 동법의 개정을 통해 법규 수범자에게 예측가능성을 확보할 수 있도록 용어의 분명한 정의규정이 입법을 통해 반영되어야 한다.

• 한국지형공간정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.1-15
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• 2001

본 연구는 도시토지이용의 적합성분석을 실시하는 데 있어 GSIS와 인공신경망의 유기적인 결합을 시도해 보았다. 인공신경망은 학습이라는 과정을 통해 신경망 노드(node)간의 연결강도를 합리적으로 결정할 수 있는 이점이 있다. 이러한 점에서 공간분석에서 요구되는 인자간의 경중률과 신경망의 연결강도는 대체가 가능하리라 판단된다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위해 두 종류의 신경망을 구성하였다. 1차 신경망은 토지이용별 적합성 분석에 적용했으며, 2차 신경망은 최적의 토지이용패턴을 분석하기 위해 구성하였다. 이들 신경망은 C++로 작성된 프로그램에 의해 구현된 최급강하법에 의한 역전파 알고리즘에 의해 학습을 실시하였으며, 활성화 함수는 시그모이드 함수를 사용하였다. 분석결과는 현행 용도지역제에서 주거, 상업, 공업, 녹지에 대한 토지이용 적합도면과 4가지 유형의 토지이용에 대한 대상지역의 최적토지이용패턴을 제시한 도면으로서 Arc/Info의 Grid 형식으로 작성하였다. 또한 토지이용별 적합도면상에 나타난 적합지역과 최적토지이용패턴은 위치적인 면과 공간 구성에 있어 실제의 도시토지이용계획의 이론적인 개념에 매우 합치되는 분포형태를 보였다.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.20 no.6 s.157
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• pp.513-524
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to test the statistical significance of Ideal Acceptable Compromise and determine the range of their use according to the Steiner's analysis. 56 adults male and 62 adults female ranging in age from 18 to 20 years with normal occlusion were studied and analyzed statistically. The results were as follows; 1. The authors obtained the ANB range values and ideal acceptable compromise. 2. Simple correlation coefficients of each variables used in the ideal acceptable compromise were obtained. 3. It is most valid that use the ANB angle as a dependent variable among the five variables. 4. In the multiple regression equations, the rank of significant variables were 1 to NA(angle), I to NA(mm), 1 to NB (mm) in male group, and 1 to NA (angle), 1 to NB (angle), 1 to NA (mm), 1 to NB (mm) in female group when ANB angle was used as a dependent variables.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.869-879
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• 2013

Modern medicine has not yet conquered behavior therapy for cancer radiation treatment, which is one of the professional groups involved in the justification of the act and reasonable human resources was analyzed. Radiation Oncology(Therapeutic Radiology) installed the role of the medical physicist in the current law, the act must have been within the limits given licenses, but the legitimacy of the act which can be given the current laws and regulations are not clear. Thus, certification and testing outside the medical physicist's research institutions, including the measures to be reflected in national legislation sought. Medical physicists, with the inherent illegality act because one of the areas to precluding the illegality of the content-based "medical law" and "Nuclear Safety Law", "medical technology in the field of radiation safety standards on management" was based on the interpretation. In conclusion, "medical law" and "in the field of medical technology on the management of radiation safety standards" that are consistent with the recognition of qualifications, increased activity in the radiation therapy and radiation safety management must deal with this will be feasible.