• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.163-181
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• 1998

본 연구는 Tobin-Q 비율(이하 토빈 Q, 또는 Q)을 이용하여 합병제의기업과 피합병대상기업을 합병전 경영성과의 우열에 따라 분류하고, 분류 집단별 초과수익률을 측정 검증함으로써 합병전 후의 합병관련기업의 합병효과를 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과를 보면 합병제의기업과 피합병기업 모두 합병 공시 후 양의 초과수익률을 얻는 것으로 나타났으며, 합병제의기업은 토빈 Q가 낮을수록 합병성과가 크게 나타났고, 피합병대상기업은 토빈 Q가 높을수록 합병성과가 크게 나타났다. 또한 합병제의기업과 피합병대상기업의 토빈 Q를 동시에 고려한 경우에는 합병제의기업의 Q가 높고 피합병대상기업의 Q가 낮으면, 합병성과가 작았고, 합병제의기업의 Q가 낮고 피합병대상기업의 Q가 높으면 합병성과가 높게 나타난다는 경향을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 경영성과가 좋은 합병제의기업이 대체적으로 이득을 보지만, 경영이 부실한 피합병대상기업을 인수할 때 더 많은 이득을 본다는 Lang, Stulz, Walkling(1989)의 연구결과는 상반되는 것이다. 또한 경영성과가 나쁜 기업을 합병함으로써 보다 많은 합병가치 창조가 가능하다는 Servaes(1991)의 연구결과와도 상반되는 것이다. 이러한 상반된 결과는 우리나라 현실에서 합병이 대개는 계열그룹내, 또는 지배회사와 피지배회사간의 합병이 주류를 이루고, 세법상 합병기업의 손실은 승계되지만 피합병기업의 손실은 승계되지 않으므로 형식상 합병제의기업과 피합병대상기입이 뒤바뀌는 경향이 많다는 점에서 그 원인을 추정할 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.83-114
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• 1999

본 연구는 우리나라 기업지배권 시장에서 합병일 이후 합병기업 주가의 장기성과를 측정하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 본 연구에서는 1980년에서부터 1994년까지의 15년 동안 이루어진 120개 합병기업을 대상으로 합병일 이후 3년 동안 합병기업 주식의 초과수익률을 추정하였다. 실증분석 결과, 전체표본(N=120)의 경우 합병일 이후 3년 동안 합병기업 주식의 누적초과수익률과 매입-보유 초과수익률의 값이 모두 마이너스를 나타내고 있으나 통계적으로 유의성이 없어, 합병일 이후 합병기업의 장기성과가 존재하지 않는다는 귀무가설을 기각하지 못했다. 그러나, 동일 계열기업을 합병한 합병기업의 부표본(N=105)과 비상장기업을 합병한 합병기업의 부표본(N=92)에서는, 합병기업의 장기성과가 모두 유의적인 마이너스 초과수익률로 나타났다. 그리고, 합병일 이후 합병기업 주가의 저성과 현상은 합병대상기업이 계열기업이면서 동시에 비상장기업일 경우에 더욱 두드러지게 나타난다는 것을 다변량 회귀분석을 통해 발견하였다. 계열기업간 합병 및 비상장기업과의 합병을 대상으로 한 이러한 연구결과는, 우리나라 기업집단의 지배구조와 기업문화와 상당한 관련성이 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.157-183
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• 2016

This study examines the effects of the acquirer's experience on cross-border mergers and acquisitions(CB M&A) performance. We posit that various types of experience on M&A, including heterogeneity of experience, strategic alliance experience, first CB M&A, domestic and CB M&A experience may have an influence on the performance of CB M&A. The hypotheses are tested with multiple regression on global M&As made by Korean firms over the period of more than fifteen years. The empirical results indicate that firms with domestic M&A experience and the ones with CB M&A experience improve firm performance. Specifically, CB M&A experience more strongly and positively affects CB M&A performance. It also reveals that M&A experience and first CB M&A positively affect CB M&A performance. However, heterogeneity of experience negatively affects CB M&A performance and it has found no significant relationship between strategic alliance and firm performance. In addition, data show that the better explanation is an overall U-shaped relationship than a linear one between CB M&A experience and Performance. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on CB M&A by examining the effect of various types of experience such as heterogeneity of experience and alliance experience and offering a different explanation based on experience, more specifically, addressing the negative relationship between heterogeneity of experience and M&A performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.422-427
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• 2003

The purpose of this study analyzes the effects of M＆A between conglomerate and non-conglomerate corporational with 57 samples of firms during the period from 1990 to 1997 right before IMF. financial crisis. These models employed to measure effects of M＆A in this paper are both market model and market adjusted return model using test of t-statistics. Results of this article show that negative excess returns are observed for non-conglomerate mergers and positive excess gains are exhibited for conglomerate mergers. This implies that conglomerate mergers are more effective than firm specialization in terms of merger effects.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-25
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• 2004

From the perspective of corporate governance, we examine the acquirers' performance of mergers and acquisitions. The empirical results of our study show that outside active shareholders, such as block shareholders or institutional shareholders, affect acquirers' performance in M&A's : the ownership of outside active shareholders is positively correlated with the performance of acquirers. However, the ownership of insiders, such as that of encumbent manners or major shareholders, does not have any significant effect on the performance of M&A's. We also found that the ownership of foreign investors increased its explanatory power after the financial crisis of Asia. Since the current literature concludes that the improvement of corporate governance would enhance the shareholders' wealth, the results of our study implies that outside active investors, rather than insiders, are playing an important role in the corporate governance.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.33-61
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• 2009

From the perspective of corporate governance, we examine the acquirers' performance of mergers and acquisitions in KOSDAQ Market. The empirical results of our study show that inside an executive shareholders and outside minor shareholders, affect acquirers' performance in M&A's : the ownership of outside minor shareholders is positively correlated with the performance of acquirers. and, the ownership of insiders, such as that of an executive shareholders, does have significant effect on the performance of M&A's. Since the current literature concludes that the improvement of corporate governance in KOSDAQ Market would enhance the shareholders' wealth, the results of our study implies that outside minor investors, as well as insiders, are playing an important role in the corporate governance.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2015

Cross-border M&A brings positive benefits to corporations and social economic development which can not been given by any investment ways, having greatly reduced the investment risks and costs to enter the host country market, resulting in the rapid development of the Cross-border M&A in china. This study examines the factors affecting firm performance of Cross-border merger and acquisition on Chinese manufacturing industry. This study chooses a sample of 31 Cross-border M&A in the manufacturing industry in China and the relevant data were collected during the period 2001 to 2007. The data were analyzed using a multiple regression analysis to identify the factors that affect Firm performance. It is found that the Firm performance is significantly affected by the oversea investment experience, cultural distance between countries, cost in M&A transaction and the number of transaction shares.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.339-362
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• 2010

This study empirically examined the effect of ownership on cross-border acquisition performance. This study analyzed 284 international acquisitions undertaken by Korean public companies between 1986 and 2008. This study showed that the ownership had a negative impact on cross-border acquisition performance. Furthermore, this study found that the interaction between the ownership and cultural distance had a negative impact on cross-border acquisition performance. This study also showed support that the interaction between the ownership and acquisition relatedness had a negative impact on cross-border acquisition performance. This study improved the understanding of roles of the ownership and complemented previous research on the relationship among cultural distance, acquisition relatedness, and cross-border acquisition performance.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.5 s.27
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• pp.128-138
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• 2005

The success of mergers and acquisitions(M&A) have been evaluated by either measuring ex ante expectations for the specified time period(Window) or assessing long term-based post operating performance (ex post operating performance). In this study, utilizing cumulative abnormal return(CAR) method, M&As which are observed in both domestic and U.S. construction industries were analyzed then research outcomes are compared. Analysis results indicate that stockholders of public construction companies did not realize significant economic gains from M&As. In other words, there was no synergistic gains from the construction M&As. Also, no significant performance difference was observed between related and unrelated diversifications.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.1 s.45
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• pp.219-229
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• 2007

The results of the research in M&A firms in the KOSDAQ market are as follows. First, the effect of the M&A disclosure at the time of disclosure was that the positive (+) cumulative abnormal return (CAR) can be interpreted as an increase in the value of the firm; however, in the long run, firms which used the KOSDAQ index and the control firm, which did not use the index were found to have conflicting results. Second, the findings show that the rise in value of general firms resulting from a M&A were higher that those of venture firms. Third, in testing the performance extrapolation hypothesis, it was shown that the performance of "value" firms (firms with a high B/M ratio but poor performance in the past) was better after a M&A than those of the "glamour" firms and that the performance extrapolation hypothesis was substantiated. Fourth, it can be construed that a size effect in a merger exists. The CAR of the small firms surpasses those of large firms. Fifth, in verifying operating performance, most variables showed a positive (+) value at the time of M&A but showed a negative (-) value after a M&A. These results show that because on the Korean KOSDAQ market, M&A are approached from a financial rather than an economic aspect, it can be inferred that it lowers the firms value.