• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.38
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• pp.5-35
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• 2018

This paper discusses this seminar's theme, 'Classic Literature Enjoyment Methods and Education,' with a focus on the genre of classic poems. However it does not focus on any individual method by discussing a specific genre or enjoyment method but focuses on a fundamental discussion. The importance of a functional relationship between the classic poetry genre and its enjoyment method is raised avoiding a generalized discussion. There are things that researchers often forget about classic poems. They forget that most classic poems are not ordinary poems but songs that are to be sung, and thus they should, in principle, be expressed in Korean language. These two facts about classic poems, indicate that their enjoyment method should be given importance. Compared to modern poems, Chinese classic poems, folk songs, and other forms of verse, only classic poems have the aforementioned conditions unique to them. In addition, classic poems include several types of poems, Japga (literally, miscellaneous songs), and Siga (literally, poem-song) genres representing each era, so it is important to discuss the characteristics of such poems with respect to their times periods and genres. Even based on such characteristics, the enjoyment situation where works are created and sung in the genre of classic poems is very important, and thus the enjoyment method issue should be closely linked with the study of works and genres. This study examines how the topics of enjoyment methods for classic poems is reflected in the current middle education curriculum. To improve the current situation, it outlines the issues that arise when enjoyment methods for classic poems are applied to textbooks or classes, set as textbook unit goals or criteria for achievement, and presented as measures designed to plan the composition of works and learning activities. Future studies on literary educational methodologies are expected to further examine the enjoyment methods for poems in class discussed herein.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.157-167
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• 2021

Lead (Pb) is one of the key trace elements, exhibiting a peculiar partitioning behavior into silicate melts in contact with minerals. Partitioning behaviors of Pb between silicate mineral and melt have been known to depend on melt composition and thus, the atomic structures of corresponding silicate liquids. Despite the importance, detailed structural studies of Pb-bearing silicate melts are still lacking due to experimental difficulties. Here, we explored the effect of lead content on the atomic structures, particularly the evolution of silicate networks in Pb-bearing sodium metasilicate ([(PbO)_x(Na₂O)_1-x]·SiO₂) glasses as a model system for trace metal bearing natural silicate melts, using ²⁹Si solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. As the PbO content increases, the ²⁹Si peak widths increase, and the maximum peak positions shift from -76.2, -77.8, -80.3, -81.5, -84.6, to -87.7 ppm with increasing PbO contents of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.67, 0.86, and 1, respectively. The ²⁹Si MAS NMR spectra for the glasses were simulated with Gaussian functions for Qⁿ species (SiO₄ tetrahedra with n BOs) for providing quantitative resolution. The simulation results reveal the evolution of each Qⁿ species with varying PbO content. Na-endmember Na₂SiO₃ glass consists of predominant Q² species together with equal proportions of Q¹ and Q³. As Pb replaces Na, the fraction of Q² species tends to decrease, while those for Q¹ and Q³ species increase indicating an increase in disproportionation among Qⁿ species. Simulation results on the ²⁹Si NMR spectrum showed increases in structural disorder and chemical disorder as evidenced by an increase in disproportionation factor with an increase in average cation field strengths of the network modifying cations. Changes in the topological and configurational disorder of the model silicate melt by Pb imply an intrinsic origin of macroscopic properties such as element partitioning behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-113
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• 2019

Spatial resolution is still one of the most important parameters for evaluating image quality. In this study, we propose an approach to evaluate spatial resolution and MTF(Modulation Transfer Function) using bar target and Siemens star chart as a part of quality evaluation for UAV images. To this end, images were taken with a fixed-wing eBee(Canon IXUS) at the flight height of 130m and 260m, and with a rotary-wing GD-800(SONY NEX-5N) at flight height of 130m, with a Phantom 4 pro(FC 6310) at flight height of 90m, respectively. Spatial resolution was measured on orthoimages produced from this data. Results show that the resolution measured on the Siemens star and bar target was accurately degraded in proportion to the flight height regardless of the cameras. In the words, the spatial resolution of images taken at the same altitude of 130m with the eBee(Canon IXUS) and the GD-800(SONY NEX-5N) equipped with different cameras was the same as 4.1cm, and that of the eBee(Canon IXUS) at 260m was 8.0cm. In addition, the resolution measured on the Siemens star was about 1~2cm lower than that of the bar target at every flight height. The general tendency was also found to be proportional to the flight height in the measurement of the ${\sigma}_{MTF}$ from MTF, which simultaneously represents the resolution and contrast information of the image. However, at the same altitude of 130m, the ${\sigma}_{MTF}$ of the GD-800(SONY NEX-5N) is 0.36 and the eBee(Canon IXUS) is 0.59, which shows that the GD-800(SONY NEX-5N) has better camera performance. It is expected that study results will contribute to the analysis of spatial resolution of UAV images and to improve the reliability of quality.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.108-121
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• 2021

Field studies at Suwon, Cheorwon, and Jinbu were carried out to determine the relationship between mean temperature from transplanting to heading (MT) and growth at heading stage of rice. P lant height (P H) and dry weight (DW) at heading stage were significantly correlated with MT, showing second degree polynomials. The optimal temperatures for PH and DW were 23.2 ℃ and 22.8 ℃, respectively. Little differences in rice growth among soils collected from the experimental sites and the temperature-response in a phytotron study supported that MT was the main determinant of the growth shown in the field study. Though number of days to heading increased as MT decreased, cumulative temperatures (CT) affected by sites and MT for given varieties were fairly constant. When applying specific CT for each of the varieties to the temperature in North Korea, (1) five regions (Kaesong, Haeju, Sariwon, Nampo, Pyongyang) were suitable for early to mid-maturing varieties and (2) 14 regions (Yongyon, Singye, Anju, Kusong, Sinuiju, Changjon, Wonsan, Hamhung, Pyonggang, Yangdok, Huichon, Supung, Sinpo, Kanggye) were suitable only for early-maturing varieties. In (1) regions, the similar extent of growth with that in Suwon could be achieved when mid-maturing varieties grown in Suwon are cultivated. Among (2) regions, early-maturing varieties are expected to demonstrate the similar extent of growth with that in Cheorwon in 9 regions except Hamhung, Kanggye, Pyonggang, Yangdok, and Sinpo. For Hamhung and Kanggye, the target PH was assessed as 4cm higher than that shown in Cheorwon. P lant height of 8-14cm and DW of 2-4g per hill greater than those shown in Cheorwon were the target growth for P yonggang, Yangdok, and Sinpo to attain the similar amount of growth with that in Cheorwon. It is suggested that rice varieties for North Korea could be bred by adjusting the target growth at the breeding sites in South Korea.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.273-291
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• 2020

The strength characteristics of the three orthogonal splitting planes, known as rift, grain and hardway planes in granite quarries, were examined. R, G and H specimens were obtained from the block samples of Jurassic granites in Geochang and Hapcheon areas. The directions of the long axes of these three specimens are perpendicular to each of the three planes. First, The chart, showing the scaling characteristics of three graphs related to the uniaxial compressive strengths of R, G and H specimens, were made. The graphs for the three specimens, along with the increase of strength, are arranged in the order of H < G < R. The angles of inclination of the graphs for the three specimens, suggesting the degree of uniformity of the texture within the specimen, were compared. The above angles for H specimens(θ^H, 24.0°~37.3°) are the lowest among the three specimens. Second, the scaling characteristics related to the three graphs of RG, GH and RH specimens, representing a combination of the mean compressive strengths of the two specimens, were derived. These three graphs, taking the various N-shaped forms, are arranged in the order of GH < RH < RG. Third, the correlation chart between the strength difference(Δσ_t) and the angle of inclination(θ) was made. The above two parameters show the correlation of the exponential function with an exponent(λ) of -0.003. In both granites, the angle of inclination(θ^RH) of the RH-graph is the lowest. Fourth, the six types of charts, showing the correlations among the three kinds of compressive strengths for the three specimens and the five parameters for the two sets of microcracks aligned parallel to the compressive load applied to each specimen, were made. From these charts for Geochang and Hapcheon granites, the mean value(0.877) of the correlation coefficients(R²) for total density(Lt), along with the frequency(N, 0.872) and density(ρ, 0.874), is the highest. In addition, the mean values(0.829) of correlation coefficients associated with the mean compressive strengths are more higher than the minimum(0.768) and maximum(0.804) compression strengths of three specimens. Fifth, the distributional characteristics of the Brazilian tensile strengths measured in directions parallel to the above two sets of microcracks in the three specimens from Geochang granite were derived. From the related chart, the three graphs for these tensile strengths corresponding to the R, G and H specimens show an order of H(R1+G1) < G(R2+H1) < R(R1+G1). The order of arrangement of the three graphs for the tensile strengths and that for the compressive strengths are mutually consistent. Therefore, the compressive strengths of the three specimens are proportional to the three types of tensile strengths. Sixth, the values of correlation coefficients, among the three tensile strengths corresponding to each cumulative number(N=1~10) from the above three graphs and the five parameters corresponding to each graph, were derived. The mean values of correlation coefficients for each parameter from the 10 correlation charts increase in the order of density(0.763) < total length(0.817) < frequency(0.839) < mean length(Lm, 0.901) ≤ median length(Lmed, 0.903). Seventh, the correlation charts among the compressive strengths and tensile strengths for the three specimens were made. The above correlation charts were divided into nine types based on the three kinds of compressive strengths and the five groups(A~E) of tensile strengths. From the related charts, as the tensile strength increases with the mean and maximum compressive strengths excluding the minimum compressive strength, the value of correlation coefficient increases rapidly.