• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe and analyze about the satisfaction of medical service of patients and family in an Oriental hospital. Methods: Design was the descriptive survey study. Sample was 50 patients and guardians in K Oriental hospital, and convenient sampling was used. Measure was the satisfaction tool of medical service developed by Kang(2004). Data were collected from March 2005 to July 2005, and analyzed using SPSS PC+12 program. Findings: Thirty-two(64.0%) of all subjects were female and 18(36.9%) subjects were male. Score of medical service in Oriental hospital was mean 3.70. Scores in categories of the satisfaction were ranked for medical treatment(4.12), administration service (3.58), and environment and facilities service(3.41) in order. Expectancy for quality, quality after use, general satisfaction, and sufficiency after use in Oriental hospital were 7.34, 7.56, and 7.20, and they were above the average. There were significant differences in education and "I will recommend this oriental hospital to other patients" in differences of medical service by general characteristics and characteristics related to job. Conclusions: On the findings, we suggest that the team for oriental medical service should endeavor for development of professionals and techniques in oriental medical treatment. Simultaneously, institutional administrative resources are persistently needed for supporting of oriental medical team.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 1997

This study was directed at analysing nursing practice in one oriental medicine hospital. In this study, the nurses were chosen from two units at one oriental medicine hospital. Using the worksampling method, a total of 780 series of nursing actions were collected over thirteen days. this study had two findings. First, the percentage for the amount of actual nursing practice was 79.5% which is lower than the amount of actual nursing practice in other western style general hospitals. Second, the content of nursing practice included nursing actions(43.8%), nursing management (35.5%), and education /research (0.1%), indicating that only the special care of oriental nursing and education /research were not observed in nursing practice. These findings indicate a deficit knowledge in oriental medicine and oriental nursing care by nurses in oriental medicine hospitals. Since Oriental Nursing has not been included in Nursing curriculum, there is a need for research to develop basic education in Oriental Medicine and pharmacology as well as the development of a sgstematized approach to Oriental Nursing so as to provide an appropriate background for nurses working in this field. Further research is needed to define nursing in the Oriental Medicine system.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.118-129
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• 1993

In order to approach the nursing care of clients who are using oriental medicine and to understand the perception of the client who uses oriental medicine practices and the need to develop a model of nursing related to oriental medicine it is important to examine the major nursing concepts as they are found in oriental medicine and as they are differently defined according to the basic thought, theory and philosophical perspectives between East and West. Oriental medicine developed based on Sung Confucianism the teachings of Chut-zu, especially Tai-Chi-Tu Shuo and energy thought which are similar to traditional Korean Sasang Constitutional medicine. The basic theory on which oriental medicine is build is the theory of the five elements of Yin / Eum-Yang Theory(cosmic dual forces) and Meridian Theory. The most important attribute of Yin Yang is the concept of duality, confrontation and dependence, within Yin Yang but which do not exist separately. That is, the universe is a vast, indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Harmony is achieved only when the two primorial forces, Yin and Yang, are brought into perfect balance. Each is contained within the other and there is a continuing interchange between the two. This also applies to the human body including human health which is defined as balanced harmony. The most universal connection of Yin and Yang is found in the universe where the five elements of life, fire, water, earth, wood and metal can be explained as having either Yin or Yang and therefore being in a state of connectedness but systematically circulating between the two, that is essentalilly one (the control of the unified ) or as coexistant poles of individual wholes (the pluralism of Yin Yang Theory) so that it is all unified(balanced) in the Great Absoulte. Human beings also maintain a balance of Yin and Yang in the five elements and this relationship is very important in approaching ·oriental medicine, The meridians are the channels in the body through which the life force flow throughout the body. In oriental medicine the meridians are seen as the railroad, the acupuncture points on the meridians as the stations and energy as the train. In the normal healthy organism, all are maintained in balance and in a contiuous circulation of energy. illness is the result of the energy flow becoming disarranged. Although practitioners of oriental medicine approach the client differently than do practitioners of Western medicine and their method of examining the patient is different, the basic objectives of the examination are the same for practitioners of both types of medicine. Therefore if each could be used to supplement the defiencies in the other and achieve a harmonious cooperation between the two, a higher level of care which is culturally appropriate to korean culture could be achieved. The traditional korean concept of health is a naturalistic view which emphasizes being in harmony with nature. Any manifestation of disease is considered a sign that the body is in a state of disequilibrium and is thus no longer in harmony with the universe. The wholistic view of the world held by practitioners of oriental medicine can be used by nursing in the development of a world view of nursing in which the human being is seen within the macrocosm as part of the natural phenomenon of the universe and but also as a microcosm of the universe, a universe which is a vast and indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Interaction between human beings and their environment and the relationship of this interaction to health are concepts that are also found in nursing. Nursing views human brings, not as an accumulation of separate cells and organs but, as unified wholes interacted in very close relationship nth their environment. Nursing also maintains a view of human beings in which emphasis is placed on the role of the mind in explaining the concepts of harmony and balance in health. Although there are differences between oriental medicine and nursing in approaches to clients, the basic point of view and philosophy have many fundamental similarites. An understanding of the basic thought and philosophy of oriental medicine if applied to nursing, would allow for the development, not only of nursing related to oriental medicine, but of a nursing theory appropriate to the korean context.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.182-201
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• 2024

Objectives: This study was conducted to develop a standard acupotomy consent form that takes into account the unique characteristics of Korean Medicine. The study was motivated by the increasing importance of patient autonomy and the growing number of legal disputes related to medical malpractice in the clinical field of Korean Medicine. Methods: The analysis phase of the study involved a survey of the current status of acupotomy consent forms in Korean Medicine hospitals nationwide. The items of each form were analyzed based on the contents of the Medical law and the standard contract for medical procedures of the Fair Trade Commission (FTC). In the development and evaluation phase, the items and contents of the acupotomy consent form were evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale and content validity was assessed through two rounds of Delphi surveys. In the improvement phase, the contents of the consent form were revised based on the results of a survey of inpatient and outpatient patients in the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital, and real-time online meeting. The final version of the standard acupotomy consent form was completed after undergoing proofreading and corrections by a linguistics expert. Results: Only 30% of Korean Medicine hospitals have implemented acupotomy consent forms. The items of the consent forms did not fully include the items presented in the Medical act and the standard contract for medical procedures of the FTC. To address this issue, two rounds of Delphi surveys and a real-time discussion were conducted with a panel of 12 experts on 27 preliminary items of consent forms. The items and contents that met the criteria for content validity ratio, convergence, and consensus were derived. Based on the derived items and content, a standard acupotomy consent form was developed. Conclusions: The standard consent form for acupotomy is anticipated to ensure patient autonomy and enhance transparency and liability in acupotomy. Furthermore, it is expected to serve as evidence in case of medical disputes related to acupotomy and contribute as a reference document for the development of standard consents forms for various procedures of Korean Medicine. However, the limitations of the study include that the survey of consent forms was limited to only training hospitals of Korean Medicine, and the standard consent form is only applicable to adults in Korea. Future studies are needed to address these limitations.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.341-353
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nurse's role through job analysis of nursing duties for nurses working on East Asia traditional medicine wards. Methods: Major steps in the study included a literature review, description of job activities of nurses on oriental medicine wards, comparative description of the literature, expert tests of validity of derived duties and tasks, and investigation of importance, difficulty and frequency of duties on job list. Results: The job of nurses on oriental medicine wards was classified into 12 duties, 59 tasks, and 295 task elements. The 12 duties were nursing assessment, nursing diagnosis, nursing planning, nursing implementation, nursing evaluation, supplies management, management of human resources, management of environment, management of documents, formation of cooperative relationships, self-development, and nursing activity in oriental medicine. 'Formation of cooperative relationships' was the duty ranked highest for importance (4.34), 'self-development' was ranked highest for difficulty (3.47), and 'Formation of cooperative relationships' was ranked highest for frequency (4.21). Conclusion: Basic education for nurses on an oriental medicine unit is necessary for the performance of oriental nursing to be considered as a specialized field. This study contributes to human resource management in the oriental medical hospital.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.46-61
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to examine the cognition and the attitudes towards the oriental medicine of the nursing students. The questionnaire consisted of the 8 general questions, the 19 questions on the medical characteristics and the 36 questions on the cognition and the effects of the oriental medicine. As the result of the factor analysis, the four factors were divided. In the factor one, they were affirmative in the cognition and the effects of the herbs and the acupuncture and so on. Whreas they considered the western medicine more effective in the surgeon, the operation and the microbial disease. In the factor two, they said that the oriental medicine agreed with their constitution. They had a good recognition of the herbs and recognized its effects, adding that the oriental medicine was mysterious. In the factor three, they said that the oriental medine lacked the scientific bases and herb medicine were not convenient, But they recognized their effects. In the factor four, they recognizd the limit of the oriental medicine. They thought that it was desirable to utilize the oriental medicine with the western medicine as the complementary relation. The corelation between each type and the general features had relationship(P<0.05) as follows: the grade and factor 1, the age and factor 1, family situation and factor 4, family number and factor 4, and whether a family has a patient and factor 1. The higher the grade was, the much they had the western medical-oriented cognition. This was because ~he present nursing education system was the western medical-oriented one. It includs the only one oriental medical course. According to the results of this study, nursing students recognized the general effects of the oriental medical from the disease prevention to its treatment in the first grade. But they came to consider the oriental medical as the complementary fact of the western medical as their grade was higher. However, owing to the application of the oriental medical insurance, the use of the oriental medicine is on the increase and in the nursing field the atteention on the oriental nursing is growing too. There fore the suitable application of the courses related to the oriental medical is required for activating the oriental medicine.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2024

목적 : 본 연구는 한의약에서 사용하는 용어가 SNOMED CT로 매핑 가능한지 여부를 조사하고, 한의약 용어를 표현하기 위해 기존 SNOMED CT 온톨로지를 개선할 수 있는 방안을 제안하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 방법 : 선행 연구의 매핑 가이드라인에서 제시된 7단계 과정을 수정하여 활용하였다. 매핑의 목적 및 범위 정의, 용어 추출, 개념 추출, 매핑을 위한 소스 용어 작업, SNOMED CT 개념 검색, 매핑 관계 분류 및 매핑 검증의 과정을 수행하였다. 매핑의 목적은 한의약 임상 아이디어를 표현하는 표준 용어로서 SNOMED CT를 평가하는 것이고, 범위에는 편두통 환자 관리의 평가, 진단, 치료 및 예방을 포함하였다. 결과 : 총 546개의 용어가 추출되었다. 중복된 용어를 제거한 후, 271개의 개념이 SNOMED CT 매핑에 사용되었다. 이중 43.2%는 SNOMED CT 개념과 의미론적으로 동등하게 매핑되었고(117개 개념), 39.1%는 SNOMED CT 개념이 더 포괄적인 의미를 가지도록 매핑되었다(106개 개념). 상대적으로 포괄적인 의미를 가지는 SNOMED CT 개념에 매핑된 한의약 개념 106개 중 19개는 SNOMED CT 후조합을 이용하여 의미론적으로 동등하게 표현이 가능하였다. 나머지 17.7%의 한의약 개념은 SNOMED CT에 매핑할 수 없었다. 결론 : 본 연구는 한의약에서 사용되는 개념을 SNOMED CT에 매핑하여 한의약 용어를 표준화하였다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 한의약에서 사용되는 용어를 표준의료용어로 표현하기 위하여 SNOMED CT에 새로운 개념과 속성을 추가하는 것을 제안한다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1467-1478
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to develop a curriculum for the oriental clinical nurse specialist program based on the understanding of Korean human beings so as to develop nursing as a profession and promote the client's health. The design of this study was based on literature review and nominal group study. The research was managed by East-West Nursing Research Institute of nursing science college at Kyung Hee University. The research team was composed of 17 professors of nursing departments of oriental medical colleges. We obtained opinions from Oriental Nurses Association, Oriental Nursing Research Association, and professors in oriental medical college. We reviewed articles, curriculums of other clinical nurse specialist programs, medical laws and the curriculum development plan for the oriental clinical nurse specialist program from Korean Nurses Association. We discussed a curriculum thoroughly in numerous meetings. We developed a following curriculum: 1. Educational philosophy was founded on the oriental human view which was based on Chun-In union theory. It was founded on the oriental health view which recognized health being in harmony with nature and the balance of body function with the harmony of Yin-Yang in the five elements. In addition, it was founded on oriental nursing view to promote these health states. 2. Educational goals were to train oriental clinical nurse specialists, oriental nursing educators and oriental nursing researchers who developed knowledge of oriental nursing theory, nursing practice and created a leadership. 3. Curriculum consisted of 48 credits, of which 36 credits are based on lectures and laboratory classes and 12 credits are based on clinical practice. 36 credits consisted of 5 general subject credits and 31 core subject credits. General subjects consisted of nursing theory, nursing research, law and ethics. Students who had earned master's degrees are not required to take the general subjects. Core subjects consisted of 11 subjects such as advanced physical examination and laboratory, oriental nursing theory, original text of oriental nursing, oriental medical nursing, oriental pediatric nursing, oriental gynecologic nursing, oriental gerontologic nursing, oriental pharmacology, oriental constitutional nursing, advanced nursing of channels and acupuncture points and laboratory and oriental rehabilitation nursing and laboratory. In addition, clinical practice in a hospital ward, out patient department, herb prepation room, department of physical therapy and health promotion center in oriental medical hospitals for 12 weeks. To admit this program, students should complete prerequisites of introduction to oriental nursing and nursing of channels and acupuncture points. 4. Course contents of each subjects were developed to include the course's goal and objectives and specific items. 5. Evaluation involved lecture, laboratory and in field practice. We applied various evaluation systems and methods that were based on both knowledge and skills of the students to ensure full credibility and validity.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.83-95
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• 1997

Cooking food is very important in Chinese medicine when we regard the food to be the principal origin of the nutrition of human body and the condition required to maitain the activities of the life of human body. Chinese medicine has accumulated the diverse and rich experience of cooking food through long clinical experience as well as made an important contribution to the healthy and long life through the unique theory of cooking food. Chineses medicine has deep view on the relations between food cooking and healthy and long life as well as presented the principle of cooking food created unique ways of food cooking such as food treatment. As the above, from the ancient times, Chinese medicine established Chinese medical science of nutrition under the consciousness of the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and practiced the methods of promoting the health through rightly selecting the foods. Therefore it has been thought that human beings can enjoy healthy life by rich supply of the nutrition. Comfortable ways of sleeping requie the emotion and peace with temperation in pleasure and anger, and also we should be temporate in eating, acting, sleeping posture and be flee from the wind, and we should not put on a quilt when sleep, and we should sleep alone and be careful about sexual life. The concrete measures for sexual intercourse are that: 1) we should marry at the right age not to be married at early age. 2) we should obey nature and not live unmarried life. 3) we should be temperate in having sexual intercoure and in excessive sexual desire. Regarding the residence and clothes: the residence environment should be calm and beautiful and the room for the residence should be well designed to be clean and sanitary and we should wear suitable clothes. All living creatures are living according to the rhythm of the living body and the change of the great nature. The Reason why the living things show the periodical rhythm is not that it is the truth of the great nature, but that the living life itself shall be ceased to be existed in case of running counter to such rhythm. There are 2 specially important things: one is about food in biological view and the other is the residence in social side. By starting from the theory that food and medicine have the same origin and root, we should rightly select the foods to promote the health at the maximum, and it is very important for human to be well obeying the environment and temperate in the life of residence and mind (Choi, Sam Byun, Shon, Sook Young, 1997). As the above, the cook in Chinese medicine suggests us the suitable ways of achieving the goal of nursing. Therefore the continuous study of this field is necessary based on this my study though it is unsatisfactory at this time but it would be the basic materals in establishing the nursing science of Chinese medicine.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.242-251
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an Oriental self-help group program on living-alone elders in rural areas. Method: A one-group pretest-post test design was used. The subjects of the experimental group participated in the oriental self-help program, health education, feet bathing in hot water, cupping therapy, and foot-reflexology. The obtained data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and Pearson correlation coefficients of SPSS. Results: 1) The level of blood triglyceride, SGOT and glucose decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 2) The scores of depression and stress decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 3) The score of Yangsaeng increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. 4) Depression was higher when the score of stress was high, and the score of depression and stress were lower when the score of Yangsaeng was high. Conclusion: Considering the results of this research, the program is effective in improving physiological indexespartially,emotionalindexesand Yangsaeng. Therefore this program can be implemented as a community-based self-help group program for living-alone elders in rural areas.