• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1997

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of water stress on yield and quality of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. The water stress treatment was imposed artificially on seedling, flowering and rhizome enlargement stage of the plant. The root yield rate decreased to 19.1%, 18.2% and by the water stress treatment at rhizome enlargement, seedling and flowering stage, respectively. Portion of the products having commercial quality grade (above 20g of rhizome weight) was 93.4% at control plot, while it was 85%, 81.7% and 78.3% when stressed for water at seedling, flowering and root enlargement stage, respectively. Content of extract was the higher in the order of control, water stressed at rhizome enlargement, flowering and the seedling stage. Postive correlationship was found between yield of rhizome and rootlet yield or economic production ratio, and between dry weight of stem and rootlet yield.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.135-141
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• 1982

Two rice cultivars, Jinju and Iri 348, were used to compare the changes in the contents of some organic metabolites and ions and in some enzyme levels under water-and salt-stressed conditions. The water loss and proline accumulation under water and salt stresses were accelerated more in the salt-sensitive cultivar Iri 348 than in the salt-tolerant Jinju. The contents of crude protein, total free amino acids, proline and polyphenols increased under water-or salt-stressed rice, but that of reducing sugar increased under water stress only. The water-and salt-stresses induced the high ratio of low molecular organic solutes to crude protein in Jinju but not in Iri 348. The ratio of total free amino acids to crude protein increased under the stressed conditions was likely due to high protease activity. The contents of $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ were higher in Iri 348 than in Jinju. Iri 348 had higher values of $Na^+/Ca^{2+}$ and monovalent/divalent of cations, but lower of $K^+/Na^+$ than Jinju Rice. The further studies should emphasize to set the correlations between these ratios and tolerance to water and salt stresses among rice cultivars.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.451-457
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• 1983

This study was conducted to estimate the effect of the drought on the changes of chlorophyll, protein and proline content of upper three leaves, and the grain yield components of barley plant (CV. baegdong) subjected to water stress at four stages: late vegetative, boot, anthesis early grain filling. 1. In comparison with leaf posititions in water stress, the first leaf below flag leaf maintained the highest relative turgidity, chlorophyll and protein content and showed the least proline accumulation. And, in terms of growth stages in water stress, chlorophyll was shown to be highest at anthesis stage, protein being highest at boot stage and proline being least at boot stage. 2. In boot stages, culm and spike length, and Number of grains per spike were remarkably decreased. And the weight of 1000 grains was at least level in the early grain filling stage, and also the grain size was comparatively decreased at boot and two following stages. 3. The protein content of grain by water stress, apart from early grain filling stage, was not significantly affected by water stress at different growth stages. 4. The rate of sterility was particularly increased at boot and anthesis stages. 5. It was eventually concluded that the boot stage among four growth stages, and the flag leaf in 3 leaf positions were mostly damaged by water stress at reproductive growth stage.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.427-435
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• 1984

Alfalfa field was established to investigate seasonal changes of nodule activity and contents of carbohydrates, and nitrogen, and also to examine their relationships in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Periodical sampling of alfalfa in cutting and uncutting plots was collected to measure growth of plants, development and activity of nodule, and content of carbohydrates and nitrogen in the third year following year of establishment. Nodule activity of alfalfa root appeared to early April, increased to a maximum in beginning of June (flowering stage), and then decreased and generally remained low from late-July to mid-August, and again increased from early September, and then decreased and generally remained low for the rest of growing season. After flowering, nodule weight tended to decrease slowly throughout the growing season. Until flowering stage, increase of dry weight was closely related with that of nodule activity. But after flowering the curve pattern of dry weight did not fit to that of nodule activity due to decrease of supply of assimilate to nodule, drought, and high temperature. Total nonstructural carbohydrates in roots were closely correlated with nodule weight and nodule activity. While, nitrogen contents in leaves were closely correlated with nodule weight and nodule activity. Also cutting on July prevented unnessesary losses of respiration during summer to provide rapid recovery of nodule activity.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2010

The aim of study intends to investigate effect of All-out condition on physical balance, agility and power and to provide the base data for the safety of firefighter. The results of the study are as follows. For power estimation, the sargent jump is $41.0{\pm}3.2cm$ before estimation and $42.2{\pm}6.02cm$ after estimation as All-out condition. For static balance estimation, the closed-eyes foot balance is $40.3{\pm}36.8$sec before estimation and $27.5{\pm}27.18$sec after estimation. For dynamic balance estimation, the beam walking is $6.2{\pm}1.22$sec before estimation and $6.4{\pm}1.57$sec after estimation. The results are statistically significant. For agility estimation, the side step is $40.3{\pm}3.40$rep/20sec before estimation and $43.3{\pm}2.50$rep/20sec after estimation. The results are statistically significant. The wholebody reaction time is $0.21{\pm}0.05$sec before estimation and $0.18{\pm}0.02$sec after estimation.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

The pelvic compression belt (PCB) contributes to improving sacroiliac joint stability, and it has been used as an additional therapeutic option for patients with sacroiliac joint pain (SIJP). This study aimed to investigate whether the muscle activation patterns of the supporting leg was different between asymptomatic subjects and subjects with SIJP during one-leg standing, and how it changes with the PCB. 15 subjects with SIJP and 10 asymptomatic subjects volunteered to participate in this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) data (reaction time [RT] and muscle activation) were collected from the internal oblique, lumbar multifidius, gluteus maximus and biceps femoris muscles during one-leg standing with and without the PCB. Without the PCB condition, in the SIJP group, the biceps femoris muscle showed the fastest RT among all muscles (p<.05), whereas in the asymptomatic group, the RT of the internal oblique muscle was the most rapid (p<.05). In condition without the PCB, the biceps femoris EMG amplitudes in the SIJP group were significantly greater than that in the asymptomatic group (p<.05). After the application of the PCB, the RT of the biceps femoris muscle was significantly increased only in the SIJP group (p<.05). Moreover, the biceps femoris EMG amplitudes significantly decreased and the gluteus maximus EMG amplitudes significant increased only in the SIJP group by applying the PCB (p<.05). However, this had no such effect on the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris EMG patterns in the asymptomatic group (p>.05). Thus, this study supports the applying the PCB to patients with SIJP can be used as a helpful option to modify the activation patterns of the gluteus maximus and biceps femoris muscle.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.227-231
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• 2010

Among various make-up products, foundations are widely used to express clear and flawless skin. Foundations can be classified by its formula to 3 types, liquid foundation, powder foundation, and oil dispersion foundation. Powder foundations are easy to carry and use, so it is commonly possessed. In the R&D point of view, the developing method of powder foundations can be classified again to 3 types. Dry-process, baked-process, and the wet slurry-process. The fact that the wet slurry-process goes through either the back injection method or the front injection method is previously known. The front injection process is used as the main method in this study. We observed the quality dependence on the kind of solvent and the powder coating system. In brief, when water was used as the main solvent, the hardness increased than when volatile silicones or hydrocarbons were used. And the sensory results were shown to prefer volatile solvents (silicones or hydrocarbons) over water. Similarly, when the amino acid-coating system was applied, the hardness was shown to increase, when silicone-coating system shown no specific change. By these results, tailor-made powder foundations targeting specific customer grades can be easily produced.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

Currently Korean government is rushing the new electronic government system introduced as 'platform e-government' with big data and cloud computing technologies and systems, ultimately intending to provide the public institution services customized from the integrated counter or window for the heterogeneous resident services. In this regard, this study suggested how to design the new metadata information system in which mutual integration of information systems can take place, where heterogeneous services can be shared efficiently at the application and data unit, as a separate application that can provide a single one- stop service for residents' petition at the integrated level in the back-office based on the public data in possession of each of government ministries and related organizations. If this proposed system is implemented, the achievement of customized public service can be advanced one step forward in processing the petitions of the residents by organically connected link between 'Demand Chain' and 'Supply Chain' in the integrated window. In other words, it could be made possible through the unification of both the 'Supply Chain' performed in the office space of the officials at the back-office level and the 'Demand Chain' performed in the living space of the residents at the front-office level.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.127-164
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• 2014

This essay examines the motivations, goals, and assumptions of those who are participating in the appropriate technology movement in contemporary South Korea. In addition to analyzing books, articles, presentation materials, and media reports written by or about the "appropriate technologists," I have interviewed a few of them to hear their thoughts on appropriate technologies as well as inappropriate technologies. They choose to work on appropriate technology out of their good will for people in need, their Christian faith, and their pride in Korea's rapid and successful development. As a result, the appropriate technology movement in Korea does not engage in a critical evaluation of current sociotechnical systems, but instead takes an ethical and paternalistic stance in accepting and improving the given situation. Its apolitical character is effective in drawing a large number of participants, but it also limits their imagination and the movement's potential influence. Moreover, the movement's focus on "the other 90%" leads the participants to frame appropriate technology as something for "them" or "locals" rather than as something for "all of us." This essay concludes by suggesting that the appropriate technology movement in Korea should expand its scope from an ethical pursuit of technology to a political engagement with technology.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.113-120
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• 2008

The increase in average air temperature over the past 100 years in northern Asia including Korea is the greatest (about ${1.5}^{\circ}C$) among the various regions of the world. Considering a further warming projected by the IPCC, fluctuations of agro-climatic indices under climate change must precede an evaluation of vulnerability. The purpose of this study is to analyze how climate changes represented by global warming have altered agro-climatic indices in Korea over various time scales. Drought index during the rice-transplanting period of 15 May to 5 June has changed toward the favorable with recently increased precipitation in the Taebaek Alpine and Semi-Alpine Zone, and Yeongnam Basin and Inland Zone. The frequency of low temperature occurrence below $13^{\circ}C$ during the rice transplanting has decreased, while climatic production index (CPI) has fallen because of the decreased sunshine hour and increased temperature during the rice ripening period. We therefore concluded that the recent change of climate conditions was against the rice productivity in Korea.