• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.239-246
• /
• 2021

In the field of computer graphics and HCI, there are many studies on systems that create characters and interact naturally. Such studies have focused on the user's response to the user's behavior, and the study of the character's behavior to elicit positive emotions from the user remains a difficult problem. In this paper, we develop a prototype of an interaction system to elicit positive emotions from users according to the movement of virtual characters using artificial intelligence technology. The proposed system is divided into face recognition and motion generation of a virtual character. A depth camera is used for face recognition, and the recognized data is transferred to motion generation. We use imitation learning as a learning model. In motion generation, random actions are performed according to the first user's facial expression data, and actions that the user can elicit positive emotions are learned through continuous imitation learning.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.243-250
• /
• 2016

Recently, public interest in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) has increased. Therefore, computer graphics-related research has been actively conducted. This has included research on virtual space related to human posture implementation. However, such research has focused on general posture in humans. This paper presents a system with reference to the basic posture in sports climbing and the inverse kinematics method for generating the positions and behavior of virtual characteristics in a three-dimensional virtual space. The simulation based on the inverse kinematics method, produced with an inverse kinematics solver and initial pose animation from motion capture, provides realistic and natural movement. We designed a simulation system to generate correct posture and motions similar to those in sports climbing by applying the basic procedure of sports climbing. The simulation system provides help for producing content about sports climbing, such as learning programs for novice climbers and sports climbing games.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 2002

This paper introduces the HD 3DTV camera and 3DTV receiver that are compatible with the ATSC HDTV broadcasting system. The developed 3DTV camera is based on stereoscopic techniques, and it has control function to control both left and right zoom lens simultaneously and to control the vergence. Moreover, in order to control the vergence manually and to eliminate the synchronization problem of the both images, the 3DTV camera has the 3DTV video multiplexing function to combine the left and right images into the single image. The developed 3DTV signal, and it has the various analog/digital interfaces. The performance of the developed system is confirmed by shooting the selected soccer game in 2002 FIFA KOREA/JAPANTM World Cup and by broadcasting the match. The HD 3DTV camera and receiver will be applied to the 3DTV industries such as 3D movie, 3D game, 3D image processing, 3DTV broadcasting system, and so on.

• Journal of Game and Entertainment
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 2006

CAD system is a very important technology in designing many products which we are using today. This CAD technology have enlarging its area into 3D CAD systems with the development of computer graphics technologies. In particular, such advances have also been realized in special area such as the CAD system for designing shoes. 3D CAD systems for shoes design must provide compatibility between 3D and 2D data because shoes are made using 2D parts of pieces of leather or cloth. Many designers get high performances using 2D shoe CAD systems because they have had long practices with the 2D systems. Therefore, to get the mapping between 2D modeling and 3D modeling is one of very important components in 3D CAD system. In this paper, we proposed a flattening method that convert 3D shoes data to 2D data.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.47-79
• /
• 1995

Since the early age of computer graphics, facial animation has been applied to various fields, and nowadays it has found several novel applications such as virtual reality(for representing virtual agents), teleconference, and man-machine interface.When we want to apply facial animation to the system with multiple participants connected via network, it is hard to animate facial expression as we desire in real-time because of the size of information to maintain an efficient communication.This paper's major contribution is to adapt 'Level-of-Detail'to the facial animation in order to solve the above problem.Level-of-Detail has been studied in the field of computer graphics to reperesent the appearance of complicated objects in efficient and adaptive way, but until now no attempt has mode in the field of facial animation. In this paper, we present a systematic scheme which enables this kind of adaptive control using Level-of-Detail.The implemented system can generate speech synchronized facial expressions with various types of user input such as text, voice, GUI, head motion, etc.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.507-517
• /
• 2020

Along with the development of computer graphics, real-time rendering, motion capture, and artificial intelligence technology, virtual being that enables two-way communication has emerged in the content industry. Although the commercialization of technologies and platforms is creating a two-way communication virtual being, there is a lack of analysis of what characteristics this virtual being has and how it can be used in each field. Therefore, through technical background survey and case study for the production of virtual being, the two-way communication virtual being is analyzed on the characteristics necessary for emotional exchange. The characteristics needed for emotional exchange were divided into interaction, individuality, and autonomy, and this characteristic is classified as the focus and how two-way communication virtual being will be used in the content field. This study is expected to provide significant implications for the research of content production and utilization using virtual being as a basic study of virtual being, which analyzes the technical background and characteristics for two-way communication required for virtual being production.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.655-664
• /
• 2020

Free viewpoint image synthesis technology is one of the important technologies in the MPEG-I (Immersive) standard. RVS (Reference View Synthesizer) developed by MPEG-I and in use in MPEG group is a DIBR (Depth Information-Based Rendering) program that generates an image at a virtual (intermediate) viewpoint from multiple viewpoints' inputs. RVS uses the mesh surface method based on computer graphics, and outperforms the pixel-based ones by 2.5dB or more compared to the previous pixel method. Even though its OpenGL version provides 10 times speed up over the non OpenGL based one, it still shows a non-real-time processing speed, i.e., 0.75 fps on the two 2k resolution input images. In this paper, we analyze the internal of RVS implementation and modify its structure, achieving 34 times speed up, therefore, real-time performance (22-26 fps), through the 3 key improvements: 1) the reuse of OpenGL buffers and texture objects 2) the parallelization of file I/O and OpenGL execution 3) the parallelization of GPU shader program and buffer transfer.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2012

This paper presents a parallel object-oriented programming (OOP) platform for efficient visualization of three-dimensional content in CUDA environments. For this purpose, this paper discusses the features and limitations in implementing C++ object-oriented codes using CUDA and proposes the solutions. Also, it presents how to implement a 3D parallel visualization platform based on the MVC (Model/View/Controller) design pattern. Also, it provides sample implementations for integral MLS (iMLS) and signed distance fields (SDFs) based on the Marching Cubes and Raytracing. The proposed approach enables GPU parallel processing only by implementing simple interfaces. Based on this, developers can expect general benefits that are common in general OOP techniques including abstractization and inheritance. Though I implemented only two specific samples in this paper, I expect my approach can be widely applied to general computer graphics problems.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
• /
• v.13A no.4 s.101
• /
• pp.305-316
• /
• 2006

Current rendering processors are organized mainly to process a triangle as fast as possible and recently parallel 3D rendering processors, which can process multiple triangles in parallel with multiple rasterizers, begin to appear. For high performance in processing triangles, it is desirable for each rasterizer have its own local pixel cache. However, the consistency problem may occur in accessing the data at the same address simultaneously by more than one rasterizer. In this paper, we propose a parallel rendering processor architecture resolving such consistency problem effectively. Moreover, the proposed architecture reduces the latency due to a pixel cache miss significantly. For the above two goals, effective memory organizations including a new pixel cache architecture are presented. The experimental results show that the proposed architecture achieves almost linear speedup at best case even in sixteen rasterizers.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 1997

The navigation of virtual space comes down to the manipulation of the virtual camera. The movement of the virtual cameras has 6 degrees of freedom. However, input devices such as mouses and joysticks are 2D. So, the movement of the camera that corresponds to the input device is 2D movement at the given moment. Therefore, the 3D movement of the camera can be implemented by means of the combination of 2D and 1D movements of the camera. Many of the virtual space navigation browser use several navigation modes to solve this problem. But, the criteria for distinguishing different modes are not clear, somed of the manipulations in each mode are repeated in other modes, and the kinesthetic correspondence of the input devices is often confusing. Hence the user has difficulty in making correct decisions when navigating the virtual space. To solve this problem, we use a single navigation metaphore in which different modes are organically integrated. In this paper we propose a helicopter pilot metaphor. Using the helicopter pilot metaphore means that the user navigates the virtual space like a pilot of a helicopter flying in space. In this paper, we distinguished six 2D movement spaces of the helicopter: (1) the movement on the horizontal plane, (2) the movement on the vertical plane,k (3) the pitch and yaw rotations about the current position, (4) the roll and pitch rotations about the current position, (5) the horizontal and vertical turning, and (6) the rotation about the target object. The six 3D movement spaces are visualized and displayed as a sequence of auxiliary windows. The user can select the desired movement space simply by jumping from one window to another. The user can select the desired movement by looking at the displaced 2D movement spaces. The movement of the camera in each movement space is controlled by the usual movements of the joystick.