• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 2006

This study intends to present essential models for collaborative learning in e-learning environment as well as to analyze learning behavior elements appearing in collaborative learning activities. In order to achieve goal of the study, the researchers analyzed existing cooperative learning models for face-to-face classroom, collaborative activity models based on instructional theory, and the structures and activities elements of learning community and collaborative activity models focusing on e-learning environment. As a result of the study, the researchers produced a generalizable collaborative learning model for e-learning which include general collaborative learning model, and further analyzed specific learning behaviors performed by learners while they proceed in this model based learning processes. The adequacy of this model and reliability of learning behavior elements were tested through experts' review meetings. The research result, suggesting generalizable collaborative learning model as well as learning behaviors elements which might occur within e-learning based collaborative learning, might work as a foundational model for software infrastructure and e-learning solution business. Moreover, its value might be maximized if its being used for enhancing learning content interoperability and reuse as well as for establishing international standardization for collaborative technology.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.869-872
• /
• 2002

네트워크 기반 침입탐지시스템은 연속적으로 발생하는 패킷의 무손실 축소와, 패킷으로 정상 또는 비정상 행위패턴을 정확히 모델링한 모델 생성이 전체성능을 판단하는 중요한 요소가 된다. 네트워크 기반 비정상행위 판정 침입탐지시스템에서는 이러한 탐지모델 구축을 위해 주로 감독학습 알고리즘을 사용한다. 본 논문은 탐지모델 구축에 사용하는 감독 학습 방식이 가지는 문제점을 지적하고, 그에 대한 대안으로 비감독 학습방식의 학습알고리즘을 제안한다. 감독 학습을 사용하여 탐지모델을 구축하기 위해서는 정상행위의 패킷을 취합해야 하는 사전 부담이 있는 반면에 비감독 학습을 사용하게 되면 이러한 사전작업 없이 탐지모델을 구축할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 비감독학습 알고리즘을 비교 분석하기 위해서 COBWEB, k-means, Autoclass 알고리즘을 사용했으며, 성능을 평가하기 위해서 비정상행위도(Abnormal Behavior Level)를 계산하여 에러율을 구하였다.

• Review of KIISC
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2019

CPS(Cyber Physical System)에 대한 사이버 공격이 다양해지고 고도화됨에 따라 시그니쳐에 기반한 악성행위 탐지는 한계가 있어 기계학습 기반의 정상행위 학습을 통한 비정상행위 탐지 기법이 많이 연구되고 있다. 그러나 CPS 보안 연구는 보안상의 이유로 CPS 데이터가 주로 외부에 공개되지 않으며 또한 실제 비정상행위를 가동 중인 CPS에 실험하는 것이 불가능하여 개발 기법의 검증이 어려운 문제가 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 2015년 SUTD(Singapore University of Technology and Design)의 iTrust 연구소에서 SWaT(Secure Water Treatment) 테스트베드를 구성하고 36가지의 공격을 수행한 데이터셋을 공개하였다. 이후 국 내외에서 SWaT 테스트베드 데이터를 사용하여 다양한 보안 기법을 검증한 연구결과가 발표되고 있으며 CPS 보안에 기여하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 SWaT 테스트베드 데이터 및 SWaT 테스트베드 데이터에 기반한 비정상행위 탐지 연구를 분석한 내용을 설명하고, 이를 통해 CPS 비정상행위 탐지 설계의 주요 요소를 분석하여 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2002.11b
• /
• pp.949-952
• /
• 2002

비정상 행위를 탐지하는 네트워크 기반 침입탐지 시스템은 다른 네트워크 환경에서도 같은 학습정확도와 탐지 성능을 보여야 한다. 그러나 학습을 통한 패턴생성 알고리즘의 특성에 따라 정확도의 불일치가 나타날 수 있으며, 이에 따른 탐지 성능 또한 네트워크 환경에 따라 다르게 보고될 수 있는 가능성을 가진다. 본 논문은 침입탐지를 위한 학습 알고리즘으로 Instance 기반의 알고리즘인 IBL(Instance Based Learning)을 선택하여 학습시간의 단축과 패턴생성에 따른 분류근거의 명확성을 고려하였으며, 학습 환경 즉, 네트워크 환경의 차이에서 나타날 수 있는 정확도의 저하를 고려하여 COBWEB 과 C4.5 로 구성된 평가 요소를 침입탐지 모델에 추가함으로써 네트워크 보안관리자에게 좀더 유연한 비정상 행위 수준 탐지결과를 보고할 수 있게 하였다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.174-179
• /
• 2015

Academic integrity guarantees the professional integrity and validity of the education and qualifications offered by the veterinary schools. In this study, we analyzed the responses of 528 veterinary students of two veterinary schools in Seoul regarding their awareness about, knowledge of, and frequency of engaging in academic misconduct. A total of 88.4 percent of the participants agreed that cheating and plagiarism by undergraduates would influence their future academic misconduct. The most common form of academic misconduct was plagiarism (71.7% in the A school, 69.5% in the B school), with falsification (40.2% in the A school, 31.7% in the B school) also reported at a high rate. Students indicated the lack of a culture of academic integrity as the main reason for academic misconduct. According to the regression analysis students' awareness and knowledge of academic integrity and their perception of peers' academic misconduct predicted a significant amount of variance of the frequency of academic misconduct. The findings of this study support that academic integrity should be learned in a flexible format from an early stage of professional development in veterinary curriculum. In parallel with the efforts of faculty, a community approach may be likely to improve the academic environment in terms of integrity.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2003

Intrusions pose a serious security risk in a network environment. For detecting the intrusion effectively, many researches have developed data mining framework for constructing intrusion detection modules. Traditional anomaly detection techniques focus on detecting anomalies in new data after training on normal data. To detect anomalous behavior, Precise normal Pattern is necessary. This training data is typically expensive to produce. For this, the understanding of the characteristics of data on network is inevitable. In this paper, we propose to use clustering and association rules as the basis for guiding anomaly detection. For applying entropy to filter noisy data, we present a technique for detecting anomalies without training on normal data. We present dynamic transaction for generating more effectively detection patterns.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2003.05c
• /
• pp.2057-2060
• /
• 2003

현재 구현중인 침입탐지 시스템인 Secure Fortress에 대해 그 특성과 구조에 대해서 살펴보고 시스템의 개선을 위해 새로운 침입탐지 기술인 유전알고리즘, 신경망, 면역시스템을 조사 및 분석하여 연구 동향이나 발전 가능성 등의 요소에 비추어 개선 방향을 정한다. 유전 알고리즘은 다윈의 자연선택설을 바탕으로 선택, 재생 및 교배, 돌연변이의 과정을 통해 솔루션을 도출하는 방식이며 면역시스템은 생물학적인 면역 체계에서처럼 시스템이 스스로를 보호한다는 개념에서 출발하여 유닉스의 시스템 콜을 이용하여 시스템 프로세스 중심의 지식베이스를 구성하고 침입행위를 규정한다. 또한 신경망은 감시대상이 되는 요소에 따라 통계정보를 등급화 하는 일련의 과정을 통해 비정상적인 행위를 초기 학습 후 시스템에 순응하는 기술을 사용하여 고정적인 규칙에서 탈피한 여러 가지 장점을 갖는다 차후에는 이 알고리즘의 도입을 위한 서비스별 침입대상 요소 선정 등의 준비 작업이 필요하다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.34 no.7
• /
• pp.711-726
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate how congruently the learning objectives of Earth Science I textbooks match the 2009 revised Earth Science curriculum. For this purpose, we classified the learning objectives of curriculum and textbooks were into three factors including ability, cross-cutting concepts, and behavioral verbs. The text data were analyzed using the semantic network analysis method. The results are as follows. The learning objectives of textbooks with regard to ability factors mainly emphasized the cognitive and affective domain. In addition, the ability of inquiry performance was emphasized in the learning objective of the curriculum. The textbooks used various sub-frame of cross-cutting concepts in comparison with the curriculum. Both textbooks and curriculum used the term 'comprehension' the most as behavioral verbs. However, most behavioral verbs just remained at the level of cognitive system.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.155-170
• /
• 2015

This study aims to investigate the Learning and fun aspects of dance games by examining their instructive values. Dance Central 2 was analysed with a focus on its educational functions by observing dance moves. Therefore this study looked into the game's educational elements that create learning effects and fun elements that attract continuous and voluntary participation. Analysis was implemented based on the physical, cognitive, and emotional aspects for Learning elements and the aspects of graphics, sound, video, rewards, target-setting, difficulty levels, and control for fun elements. As a result, it was found that the practice and performance modes of Dance Central 2 have elements that can improve players dance skills. Of course, there may be difference in players' participation and effects depending on their goals and objectives. Consequently, the continuous use of the dance game supported by player's dance skills and commitment will improve learning.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.35-57
• /
• 2005

As the results of studies based on the Russian Activities-Oriented Theory, the gifted students in many fields have common insights for the true nature of the problem, or the actual state. From Russian Activities-Oriented Theory of view, gifted students have the ability to discern the essential elements involved in each actual state and change of state of things, and to solve the problem, based on these elements. Enhancing these abilities of the students, the educator can develop the average student into a gifted one. This study result of the Russian specialist suggests the possibility of a stream of education that can develop gifted students. Hence, this paper discussed the points and processes of formation of the Russian Activities-Oriented Theory, and inquired on what is the true nature of the problem or the meaning of actual state and how it affects the studies of the student. The paper also investigated the actual conditions of wrong learning about some mathematical concepts and discussed the role of insights to the true nature of the problem in the learning process of the student.