• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.1206-1215
• /
• 2004

In this study, we explored the students' perceptions on the online discussion system for physics investigation as the physics education program. With these, we explored the characteristics of online discussion system. For these, the questions and interviews were executed in order to get informations about user-friendly characteristics of on-line discussion learning system of physics investigation, asynchronicity of on-line investigation discussion, on-line investigation discussion related to writing, visual cues and physical presence of on-line investigation discussion and preference of on-line investigation discussion. The students represented that there were two advantages in the online investigation discussion. One is that they could participate in the on-line investigation discussion without the restriction of time and space, and the other is that they could enter into a dispute with sufficient consideration because of the asynchronicity characteristic of online investigation discussion. Although the online educational activity is mainly achieved by independent work on the part of students, the role of teacher and parents is more important than the technical part of online educational system for the active participation.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.647-667
• /
• 2009

This study intends to analyze open-ended inquiry activities of elementary science-gifted students in terms of how similar they are to authentic science inquiry and suggest desirable ways to make more effective programs for the gifted. For this study, we selected a small group with five elementary science-gifted students who had participated in the open inquiry program of summer camp held in the Institute for Science Gifted Education and collected data through recording and video-taping their discussion and performance from planning to coordinating inquiry results. The data was analyzed in terms of epistemological features and cognitive process in authentic science inquiry. The results is as follows. In terms of epistemology, students' inquiry methods were theory laden and they constructed knowledge in collaborative groups. For example, the students often discussed about performing the thought experiment and scientific concept related to inquiry task or their opinion. And in terms of cognitive process, their designing inquiry was similar to authentic science inquiry especially selecting variables, planning procedures, controlling variables, planning measures.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.222-238
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore a learning progression for integrated process skills in Earth science inquiry. For the purpose, a hypothetical learning progression (HLP) that capture how students' integrated process skills of science become sophisticated over time is developed through the literature review. This learning progression contains four components of the integrated process skills of science: designing inquiry, collecting data, analyzing data, and forming conclusion. Three hypothetico-deductive inquiry tasks of Earth science that start from recognition of the given problem to the forming conclusion are developed in order to document students' integrated process skills. A total of 126 students from middle, high, college level students participated in this study. After conducting the Earth science inquiry tasks, the integrated process skills of individual students are assessed by element based on HLP. In addition, the validation process for HLP was administered by applying the Rasch model using the students' assessment data. Finally, based on the analyzed data, the empirical learning progression (ELP) is developed by revising and supplementing the HLP. This study can help to find scaffolding methods to effectively improve the students' integrated process skills in Earth science inquiry class by identifying the factors that affect students' development of integrated process skills. It also provide implications for improving teachers' PCK of Earth science inquiry instruction.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.261-266
• /
• 2002

To investigate the pupils' ideas about appropriate scientific inquiry problem, we have chosen the 105 boys and girls of 7th grade in a middle school in Seoul, Korea. Their marks in science are within the highest one-third of their classes. The pupils have made their own scientific inquiry questions, which is to be investigated by themselves in summer vacation. The 105 inquiry questions were gathered and evaluated by the pupils with 5-point Likert scale. From these, we have found that the questions inquiring novel phenomena, questioning causality, or containing scientific terms were evaluated as appropriate. Some questions were changed during performance. The pupils have changed their inquiry problems if they feel any difficulties in performing the inquiry.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.77.2-77.2
• /
• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 7차 교육과정에서 소개된 과학적 자유탐구 활동 모형을 개발하고 이러한 자유탐구 활동모형에 대한 효과를 알아보기 전에 예비 초등교사들의 인식조사를 하는 것이다. 개발 목적은 학생들의 과학탐구 활동능력신장에 있으며, 본 연구는 천문학사에 근거한 예를 사용하였다. 연구방법으로 Lawson(2010)의 과학적 탐구추론모형을 택하였다. 천문학사에서 예를 택해 자유탐구 모형과 설문지를 개발하여 예비초등교사들의 인식조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과는, (1)대부분 예비 초등교사들은 이러한 자유탐구전략의 사용에 대한 아이디어를 좋아했으며, (2)이러한 과학적 자유탐구활동의 사용의 효과 또한 대부분의 응답자들이 잘 인식하고 있었다. (3)그럼에도 불구하고 많은 예비 초등교사들은 이러한 자유탐구 전략의 구성이 쉽지 않은 과정임을 인식하였고, 학생들에게 적합한 자유탐구활동모형의 개발을 위해서는 학생을 지도하는 교사들이 서로가 협력해야 한다고 응답하였다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.225-238
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that are critical for successful scientific inquiry activity in the classroom and to analyze the students' abilities of 'Doing' scientific inquiry. Two hundred and forty gifted science students in grades $7^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ participated in this study and demonstrated their abilities of framing questions and designing investigation through a survey questionnaire. The survey was developed for measuring factors in terms of personal and interactive variables that are needed for 'Doing' a successful scientific. Additionally, two other questionnaires were developed to measure students' abilities of framing testable questions and designing the investigation in a sequence. The results were as follows: Students' learning motivation factors as personal variable (self-confidence about group and inquiry activity, views about inquiry value) also considered as influential for students' group inquiry activity. Other four components of interactive variable (grouping, kinds of task, physical context, and teachers' role) were found to be influential in successful students' 'Doing' group inquiry activity. In students' evaluation of group inquiry activity, the grouping factor was the most critical one for a successful 'Doing' inquiry activity. Participating students showed some level of inability of in the process of framing inquiry question and designing investigation.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.545-562
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop cognitive scaffolding tools and to explore their effects on integrated science process skills of high school students. For this purpose, we developed cognitive scaffolding tools including one kind of classroom instruction for training integrated process skills and two kinds of individual learning materials that students can selectively study according to their level of inquiry ability. In addition, we developed hypothetico-deductive inquiry tasks as a tool to investigate the level of students on the integrated process skills for pre-test and post-test respectively. In order to verify the effectiveness of the cognitive scaffolding tools, we conducted inferential statistics on the pre-and post-tests of the experimental group and control group to examine statistical significance of students' inquiry level change depending on the usage of the cognitive scaffolding tools. We also produced Wrightmaps based on Rasch model to compare the change of inquiry ability depending on usage of the cognitive scaffolding tools. As a result, the experimental group using the cognitive scaffolding tools showed a significantly higher scores in all the components of integrated process skills namely, designing inquiry, collecting data, analyzing data, and forming conclusion than the control group. In addition, students who used cognitive scaffolding tools improved their inquiry ability and showed a distinct transition to higher level in each component of the integrated process skills. The results of this study suggest that high school students need cognitive scaffolding to alleviate or eliminate the functional barriers they face in conducting scientific inquiries.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.32 no.7
• /
• pp.1204-1221
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this research was to identify the components of scaffolding in open inquiry and to explore the functions of teachers' scaffolding, which is necessary to support students' open inquiry. In order to identify scaffolding components, at first, we conducted a survey using a questionnaire on what students think about open inquiry on 110 students who performed open inquiry in two middle schools, and then carried out factor analysis based on the survey results. It was attempted to investigate students' perception through focus group interviews corresponding to scaffolding components that were identified through factor analysis. Also, we examined teachers' empirical view of scaffolding functions in open inquiry through in-depth interviews with four teachers. The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed that there were five scaffolding components of open inquiry: motivation, planning, strategy, environment and participation. The results of focus group interviews showed that students experienced difficulties in planning, strategy, environment and participation components, except for motivation component. In particular, students asked for support to strengthen the participation component, which means recognizing their role, active participation and collaboration with peers. Meanwhile, the results of in-depth interviews with teachers showed that teachers' empirical views of scaffolding function in open inquiry were categorized as cognitive (conceptual, metacognitive), emotional (motivational, arbitrative) and strategic. Interviewed teachers preferred the strategic scaffolding and cognitive scaffolding to the emotional scaffolding. Based on the results, we also discussed the implications for performing open inquiry effectively.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.373-386
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to survey the middle school science gifted students' perception of the open-inquiry activity. To conduct the research we worked with 80 science gifted students, and the questionnaire was about the experience of the open-inquiry activity and the preference of the research methods. And also, we observed 19 gifted students of their open-inquiry activity and interviewed in each step. The answers were compared with the questionnaire survey. As a result, gifted students in this study have average of 3.25 times of open-inquiry experiences, and they prefer the group investigation comparing with the individual project. In the method of selecting the subject, they prefer an autonomous selection rather than passive influence of the instructor. And they seem to give large meaning on the fact that they are operating the open-Inquiry by themselves.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.267-275
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to estimate the ability of inquiry performance for students gifted in science in elementary school. 56 sixth graders were included in this study. Initially, a question 'How does the dust effect on human health?' was posed to students. Then, an assessment framework for analysis of the inquiry report was developed. It is composed of 5 domains: data collection, prediction, the inquiry process, results, conclusion and presentation. The findings reveal that the students achieved high scores in the domain of 'data collection' and followed by prediction, inquiry process, results, conclusion and presentation. The results of our study are as follows : first, in spite of high scores obtained in basic inquiries such as data collection, students needed to improve their skills in prediction, the inquiry process, results, conclusion and presentation. Second, the reason why students were outstanding in data collection is that they have improved their ability to handle data in a know-ledge-based information society. Third, even though students were good at citing and applying some information, they didn't fully understand the meaning of data and exhibited weaknesses in arguing their own opinions.