• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.98-106
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• 2002

This study was designed to present a river model with the aim of restoring the ecosystem and improving the landscape along the urban rivers on the basin of the Namhanl river, a core life channel for the National Capital regin. The revelation of botanical status, transition trend and correlation of plants might lead to providing the urban river restoration projects and ecological river formation projects with basic data for a model of ideal aquatic ecology and landscape. The outcomes of this study could be summed up as follows: 1. The plant communities of river flora found on the basin of the Namhan river could be categorized largely into 39 plant communities 2. Most diverse plants were distributed in the rivers lower reaches such as Unsim-ri where the protected zone of Paldang reservoir for city water borders the body of Jodae swamp where natural streams flow nearby. 3. One of the greatest threats to the biomass of the River Namhan is that the communities of such invasive alien plants as Panicum dichotomiflorum and Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior dominate most parts of the area, a fact that has resulted in a reduced variety of plants and will, sooner or later, be likely to cause an ecological imbalance in the hitherto healthy Aquatic plant life. It is highly advisable to gradually diversify the species of trees and to return the plants bark to their original state since, besides the naturalized plants, plantations afforested with Erigeron canadensis and Erigeron annuus stocks in buckwheat field, Robinia Pseudo-accacia in riverside forest, Pinus rigida in terrestrial forest on the river basin and Larix leptolepis are anticipated to act as interceptors of normal migrations of the fluvial and terrestrial ecosystems. Finally, it seems also desirable to continue to explore the relationship between fluvial and terrestrial ecologies with the purpose of building up a model of natural streams in urban areas based on the surveyed factors for plant life, soil and landscape and, moreover, on the forecasting for overall influences derived from the rotation upon the ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

This study was conducted to provide a database for biotope conservation and restoration of the Jeonju region in North Cheolla Province. To accomplish this task, investigations were made on the characteristics of the distribution pattern of naturalized plants in the region. From May to June 2008, the flora and lists of naturalized plants were investigated and, based on these data the ratio of naturalization was calculated. The results of this investigation areas follows: a total of 113 families and 54 species were found in the flora. The naturalized plants among them amounted to 19 families and 54 species. The ratio of naturalization was most high in the biotope type of rural dried stream(36.4%). The biotype that showed the lowest ratio of naturalization was coniferous natural forest type, which had no naturalized plants in it. The average naturalization ration of the Jeonju region turned out to be 18.9%, which is similar to that of other mid-size cities in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.447-461
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• 2018

To realize river restoration that ecological characteristics of the river are reflected, we classified the river into four reaches of valley stream, upstream, midstream, and downstream based on substrate as well as riverbed gradient obtained from the relationship between distance from the river mouth, and above sea level. Considering that the rivers of Korea have been dominated by various and intense artificial interferences over a lengthy period, we determined cross sectional range of the river based on the geological map and clarified transformation degree by reach. Vegetation profile diagram was prepared by depicting horizontal range and vertical stratification of major vegetation appearing in a belt transect of 10 m breadth installed between weirs constructed in both sides of the river. Restoration models by river reach were prepared based on breadth of waterway, bare ground, herb, shrub, and tree dominated vegetation zones on vegetation profiles wherein a flooding regime was reflected. Species composition information collected from vegetation established in each zone was systematized to use for restoring each reach ecologically. Further, background that longitudinal reaches and horizontal zones were divided, was discussed by comparing with case studies in foreign countries. In addition, necessity of ecological restoration of the river was discussed based on degree of integrity of Korean rivers, ecological significance of riparian vegetation, and importance of reference information for ecological restoration of the river.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2009

We investigated characteristics of channel morphology, flora and vegetation distribution at the main and the abandoned channels of the Hwangguji Stream and the Cheongmi Stream. The analysis of aerial photographs and old topographical maps showed that the abandoned channels were made by cut-off from the main channel due to the construction of artificial levee. The total number of species and percentage of exotic plants at the main channels were higher than those at the abandoned channels. At the abandoned channel, the percentage of species number of hydrophytes and hygrophytes was higher than those at the main channels in the both stream. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the floral structure between at the main and the abandoned channel was more similar in the Hwangguji Stream than that in the Cheongmi Stream. The relative distribution areas of hydrophytes and hygrophytes at two abandoned channels were much higher than those at the main channels in the both stream. The dominant plant was an emergent macrophyte, Zizania latifolia at two abandoned channels. Therefore, flora and vegetation at the abandoned channel showed more hydric and lentic characteristics and provided diversity on the landscape level.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.379-392
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• 2010

In these days, constructed wetlands are applied in Korea for various purposes ; post-treatment of effluent in wastewater treatment, management of stormwater and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. However, the removal mechanisms for water pollutant in constructed wetlands are not clearly understood because they are affected by climate, influent characteristics and local constraints. Therefore, this paper is focused on the process that the pollutant, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, of the wetland is removed by. In this study, the main nitrogen removal is performed by nitrification/denitrification mechanism in the rhizosphere of constructed wetlands. And the majority of the phosphorus is removed by adsorption on the substrate of wetland. However the fate of phosphorus in wetlands can be diverse depending on the Oxidation Reduction Potential(ORP), adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, microbial effect, etc.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2009

The fish community was investigated from March to October 2007 in Gwangneung Arboretum. During the survey period, 22 species belonging to 9 families were collected. Among them, one species (Coitus koreanus) was classified as an endangered species in Korea, and exotic fish was Micropterus salmoides. Nine species (40.9%) were endemic species of Korea. Dominant species was R. oxycephalus (St. 1) and Z. platypus (St. 2-7). According to analysis of community based on the diversity, evenness and richness indices, fish community seems to be more stable in the St. 3. The distributions of Silurus microdorsalis, Cottus koreanus and Odontobutis platycephala were confined to the Bongseonsa Stream in the Wangsuk Stream watershed. When our data were compared with the previous data (1932), 17 species were not sampled, but 7 species could new taxa fiend its existence at the Bongseonsa Stream. We believe that Hemibarbus mylodon, Acheilognathus signifer and Zacco koreanus disappeared in the Wangsuk Stream watershed and A. signifer and Z. koreanus need to be restored at the Bongseonsa Stream.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.17-30
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• 2010

This paper aims to excavate and make storytelling of cultural landforms around Shincheon, Geumho river in Daegu and then to build the strategy for making its application. The main results are as follows. 1) There are main cultural landforms such as Yongdubawi(龍頭岩, river cliff), river cliff, rock shelter(岩蔭), sheeting joint landform, river cave, tor, etc. around Shincheon. 2) there are main cultural landforms such as riverine wetland, ferry, point bar, river cliff, Hwadam(畵潭, pool), Donghwacheon(stream), Mutae(無怠), Chimsan(hill), Yeonamsan(hill), Sanghwadae(river cliff), etc. around Geumho river. 3) It is necessary to excavate and restore cultural landforms around Shincheon and Geumho river for protection, Also the valuable cultural landforms should be designated as cultural assets in order to prevent damage. 4) Considering from application of cultural landforms around Shincheon, natural observation site need to be designed for experiencing culture, history and ecological environment. However, in viewpoint of application of cultural landforms around Geumho river, it is much better to plan a few of Geumho river cultural landform trails for self-guided tour.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.374-381
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• 2008

Spatial and temporal changes of fish communities were studied at four study sites in the Cheonggye Stream from October 2005 to August 2006 after the rehabilitation process. During the survey period, 19 species in 6 families were sampled. Species Rhynchocypris oxycephalus and Zacco platypus were identified as dominant species. Korean endemic species such as Acheilognathus yamatsutae and Zacco koreanus were observed in the sites. Overall, species richness and abundance increased as time passes after the rehabilitation, reflecting colonization process of the fish community. Meanwhile species richness and abundance were higher at the downstream than at the upstream. Community indices such as dominant index, richness index and diversity index showed also similar spatial and temporal pattern. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), multivariate ordination technique, was used to analyze spatial and temporal variation of the fish communities, and the results showed spatial variation of fish communities with high species richness at downstream as well as the temporal variation of fish communities with high values of species richness and diversity index at later part of the study period, presenting colonization process of the fish community after the rehabilitation project.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2013

The objective of study was to protect seabird breeding site and vegetation restoration of Chilbal and Sokugul island in Shinan county Jeonnam province, April and December 2011. We analyzed the soil properties according to the dominant communities and environmental gradient. As a result, It was highly analyzed to moisture content, organic matter, salinity, total nitrogen in Commelina communis community and low analyzed in Achyranthes japonica community. Carex boottiana community which mainly used as a seabird habitat has a wide range and Achyranthes japonica and Artemisia princeps community was narrowed to soil properties. Soil pH of Carex boottiana community in Sogugul island was the lowest on 3.14 and Peucedanum japonicum community was the highest. Soil moisture content and organic matter was analyzed by the high value in Peucedanum japonicum community. In contrast, Achyranthes japonica was the low value and Carex boottiana community was analyzed the highest on the salinity and total nitrogen. On the soil environmental characteristics according to the environmental gradient, The higher altitude, moisture content, organic matter, salinity and total nitrogen was the lower in Chilbal island. In the case of Sokugul island, the altitude difference did not show the characteristics of soil environmental factors for small area and low altitude. But moisture content is similar to soil property of Chilbal island. Soil property was strongly acid soil because of seabird dropping. This results will be helpful to manage the invasive plants.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2015

Siniperca scherzeri is major target species for restocking and restoration project as it is one of the economic species in South Korea. In this study, to investigate their ecological characteristics movement pattern and habitat characteristic of S. scherzeri were analyzed using radio telemetry. Three specimens released during spawning season, moved more than 10 km toward upstream from the release site. Whereas the remains released after spawning season, settled within 400 m of their release site except two specimens (Ss 11, 3.2 km; Ss, 15, 1.4 km). One of possible reason of upstream movement during spawning season is reproduction. The conditions of their settlement area is similar with reference conditions of their spawning ground. S. scherzeri were mainly detected near the edge of the water, and it may related with the facts that rocks are mainly located at the edge of the water and S. scherzeri prefers rocks for their shelter. AMD (Accumulated movement distance) positively related with body weight and condition factor K, but no significant relationship was identified with gender and total length. Daily movement boundary of S. scherzeri was $214.94m^2{\sim}3,257.19m^2$, and their movement was restricted near the edge of the water. The results of this study could be useful to restocking and restoration.