• Title/Summary/Keyword: 필발

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생약재 추출물의 수율 및 항고혈압 활성

  • 도정룡;김기주
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.137.2-138
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    • 2003
  • 본 실험에 사용한 생약재는 금산 약초시장에서 2003년 6월에 구입하여 추출수율을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 생약재의 물 추출물의 동결건조 중량(%)이 30~40%에 달하는 생약재는 가자, 갈근, 맥문동, 산수유가 있고, 20~30%에 달하는 생약재는 감초, 구기자, 당귀, 오미자, 천궁, 황기가 이에 속했으며, 중량(%)이 10~20%에 달하는 생약재는 복분자, 오수유, 애엽, 작약, 진피, 지유, 파고지, 황련이 이에 속했다. 마지막으로 10%이하의 추출 수율을 나타낸 생약재들은 가시오가피, 강황, 계피, 석곡, 소목, 영지, 오약, 육두구, 정향, 죽엽, 필발, 초두구, 호장근이 이에 속했다. 생약재의 70% Ethanol 추출물의 동결건조중량을 살펴본 결과, 동결건조 중량(%)이 30~40%에 달하는 생약재는 가자, 당귀, 산수유가 이에 속하였고, 20~30%에 달하는 생약재는 감초, 맥문동, 구기자, 오미자, 오수유, 천궁, 황기가 속하였으며, 동결건조 중량(%)이 10~20%에 달하는 생약재는 복분자, 육두구, 애엽, 작약, 정향, 지유, 파고지, 호장근, 황련이 이에 속했다. 또한 10% 이하의 수율을 나타내는 생약재는 가시오가피, 강황, 갈근, 계피, 석곡, 소목, 영지, 오약, 익지인, 죽엽, 필발, 초두구가 이에 속하였다. 생약재의 추출 시간 및 온도에 따른 수율을 조사한 결과, 추출 시간이 경과함에 따라서 수율이 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 가자, 갈근, 황련, 복분자, 지유, 정향, 계피, 소목 순으로 높은 수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 생약재에 여러가지 효소를 이용한 가수분해 결과, 대부분의 생약재에 대해 95$^{\circ}C$에서 2시간동안 추출한 수율과 그다지 큰 차이는 보이지 않았지만 대부분의 생약재가 Termamyl 효소를 사용하여 가수분해하였을 때 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한 지유의 경우는 Viscozyme 효소를 처리하였을 경우 가장 좋은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한, 효소의 최적 온도로 조정한 Water bath에서 0, 30, 60, 120, 210분간 효소 반응 시켜, 420nm에서 갈변도를 시간별로 측정해본 결과, Viscozyme 효소를 처리한 생약재에서 시간이 흐름에 따라 흡광도 수치의 변화가 크게 나타났다. 32종의 생약재 물 추출물의 항고혈압 활성을 측정한 결과, 파고지, 소목, 죽엽의 항고혈압 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 파고지의 효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 10%에탄을 추출물의 경우에는 오미자, 오수유, 소목에서 항고혈압 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 오미자의 효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 파고지 물 추출물을 칼럼(Sephacryl S-300, High Resolution)으로 분획하여 3개의 Peak를 얻었으며, 2번째 Peak의 항고혈압 활성이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

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Effects of Fructus Piperis Longi Extracts on Glucose Uptake in Adipocyte (필발 추출물의 포도당 흡수능에 대한 효과)

  • Kim, Mi Seong;Kwon, Kang Beom;Song, Je Ho
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.59-62
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    • 2014
  • Glucose uptake plays a pivotal role in maintaining whole body glucose homeostasis in adipocytes and skeletal muscles. In the present study we have shown that Fructus Piperis Longi Extracts (FPLE) can stimulate glucose uptake in OP9 adipocytes. The increasing effects of FPLE on glucose uptake were inhibited by compound C pretreatment, which means that the glucose uptake effects by FPLE were carried out by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Further studies revealed that FPLE stimulated glucose transport occurs through a mechanism involving extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) activation.

Synthesis of Piperlongumine Derivatives Isolated from Piper longum L. and their Inhibitory Activity on Aflatoxin $B_1$ Production (Piperlongumine 유도체 합성과 $Aflatoxin\;B_1$ 생성 억제 효과)

  • Lee, Sung-Eun;Choi, Won-Sik;Lee, Hyun-Sang;Lee, Young-Haeng;Park, Byeoung-Soo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.361-366
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    • 2003
  • Anti-aflatoxigenic studies on synthetic pyridione alkaloids were conducted. Seven derivatives using piperlongumine as a leading compound were prepared from 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA). These derivatives were analyzed for their structural confrmation and purity by HPLC, GC, GC/MS and $1^H-NMR$. 1-piperidin-1-yl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propenone (1) reaction with piperidine; 1-morpholin-4-yl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoypenyl)propenone (2) with morpholine; 1-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propenone (3) with 3,5-dimethylpiperdine; 1-(2-methylpiperidine-1-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propenone (4) with 2-methylpiperidine; 1-(3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-3- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propenone (5) with 3-hydroxypiperidine hydrochloride; 1-[3- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acryloyl]piperidin-2-one (6) with ${\delta}-valerolactam;\; and\;ethyl\;1-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acyloyl]piperidine-4-carboxylate$ (7) with ethyl isonipectotate were synthesized respectively. All derivatives showed an inhibitory activity on aflatoxin $B_1$ production. In conclusion, we believe that they might be an agent for the control of mycotoxin in agricultural commodities.

Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Seven Medicinal Herbs including Tetrapanax papyriferus and Piper longum Linne (통초, 필발을 포함한 7종 한약재 추출물의 항산화 및 항염증 활성)

  • Jin, Kyong-Suk;Oh, You Na;Lee, Ji Young;Son, Byung Yil;Choi, Woobong;Lee, Eun-Woo;Kwon, Hyun Ju;Kim, Byung Woo
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.253-262
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    • 2013
  • In this study, we analyzed the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of seven medicinal herbs. All extracts of the tested herbs, Euryale ferox Salisbury, Echinops setifer Iljin, Amomum cardamomum Linne, Tetrapanax papyriferus, Illicium verum Hook. f., Typha orientalis Presl, and Piper longum Linne, exhibited potent anti-oxidative activity as confirmed by DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production, in the RAW 264.7 cell line, was also ameliorated by all extracts' treatments in a dose dependent manner. NO suppressive activity originated from the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression by the extracts. Three extracts, E. ferox S., I. verum Hook. f., and P. longum L., possessed suppressive activity against, not only iNOS, but also cycloxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein expression. These three extracts may then serve as potential candidates for non steroidal analgesic inflammation drugs (NSAIDs). Furthermore, all extracts induced anti-oxidative enzyme, heme oxygenase 1, protein expression. Taken together, these results provide an important new insight into the fact that various medicinal herbs possess potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities and might be utilized as promising agents in the field of health products. Further studies for the identification of the active compounds from medicinal herbs are clearly needed.

Effects of Piperis Longi Fructus on Regulatory T Cells Number, IgE, Histamine Production in Asthma Model Mice and Th1/Th2 Cytokine Balance in vitro (천식 모델 생쥐에서 필발이 CD25+T 세포수, IgE, Histamine 생성량과 in vitro에서 Th1/Th2 Cytokine Balance에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Young-Cheol;Kim, Seung-Hyung
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.79-88
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : It has been recently shown that Piperis Longi Fructus (PLF) is involved in the reduction of eosinophil recruitment and production of Th2 cytokines in vivo. However, the main therapeutic mechanisms of PLF remains a matter of considerable debate. To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of PLF, we examined the influence of PLF on regulatory T cells number, IgE, histamine production in vivo and Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in vitro. Methods : All mice were immunized on two different days (21 days and 7 days before inhalational exposure) by i.p. injections of 0.2 $m\ell$ alum-precipitated Ag containing 100 ${\mu}g$ of OVA bound to 4 mg of aluminum hydroxide in PBS. Seven days after the second sensitization, mice were exposed to aerosolized ovalbumin for 30 min/day on 3 days/week for 12 weeks(at a flow rate of 250 L/min, 2.5% ovalbumin in normal saline) and PLF (150 mg/kg) were orally administered 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice at 8 weeks of age were stimulated with anti-CD3 (1 mg/ml) plus anti-CD28 (1 mg/ml) antibody for 48hrs. IL-4 and IFN-$\gamma$ in the culture supernatants were measured by ELISA Results : The suppressive effects of PLF on asthma model were demonstrated by the increase the number of regulatory T cells and by reducing IgE, histamine production in vivo and modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance. Conclusions : These results indicate that PLF has a deep inhibitory effects on asthma model mice by increase the number of regulatory T cells, and by reducing IgE, histamine production.

Purification and Identification of Apoptosis Modulator Pipernonaline from Piper longum Linn. against Prostate Cancer Cells (필발(Piper longum Linn.)로부터 전립선암 세포사멸물질 pipernonaline의 분리 및 동정)

  • Kim, Kwang-Youn;Kim, Yun-Jin;Lee, Wan;Yu, Sun-Nyoung;Cho, Hyo-Jin;Lee, Sun-Yi;Lee, Han-Seung;Sohn, Jae-Hak;Oh, Hyuncheol;Ahn, Soon-Cheol
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.671-675
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    • 2009
  • Prostate cancer has been a critical health problem due to an increase of prostate cancer-related deaths worldwide. Also, a frequent treatment option for prostate cancer is androgen ablation, but this treatment has a limited scope, especially for hormone-refractory cancer. There is an urgent need for the identification of alternative therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer. Previously, over one hundred species of dried-plant methanol extracts were tested for inhibitory effects on proliferation. One of them, Piper longum Linn. was selected based on its potent anti-proliferation effect. The dried root of P. longum Linn. was extracted with 100% methanol for 2-3 days and its extract was fractionated using chloroform. The chloroform layer was then subjected to column chromatography on silica gel, reverse phase-18 (RP-18) and Sephadex LH-20, in turn. Finally, the pure compound was obtained and identified as pipernonaline by NMR spectroscopic and physico-chemical analysis. In this study, anti-proliferation and cell cycle arrest effects of pipernonaline on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells were investigated using the MTT and PI staining, respectively. Our findings suggest that pipernonaline represents a dose-dependent growth inhibition pattern on PC-3 cells and, moreover, its growth inhibition is associated with sub-G1 and G0/G1 cell cycle accumulation in PC-3 cells. Also, these results provide an anticancer candidate for human prostate cancer.

Screening of Antioxidative Activity of Hot-Water Extracts from Medicinal Plants (한약재 열수추출물의 항산화효과 검정)

  • Kang, Mi-Young;Nam, Seok-Hyun
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2000
  • Interrelation between the antioxidative activity of hot-water extracts of 130 medicinal plants and their cellular antimutagenic activity was investigated. Antioxidative activity was evaluated by assaying electron-donation to DPPH free radical and scavenging of hydroxyl radical $({\cdot}OH)$ generated through Fenton rection, respectively. All medicinal plants examined in this study exhibited markedly electron-donating ability and radical scavenging ability in each assay system. The results demonstrated the fact that Pilbal (Piper longum L.) is the strongest in electron-donating activity, on the other hand, that Seokgok (Dendrobium moniliforme L.) is the strongest in ${\cdot}OH$ scavenging activity. When evaluated their antioxidative activities, 24 medicinal plants including Jimo (Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge) were found to be the medicinal plants carrying strong antioxidative activity, which exhibited more than 50% activity compared to the control group in both electron-donating and free radical scavenging. The experiment was also performed to examine whether 11 medicinal plants having significant antimutagenicity damage DNA in the presence of $Cu^{2+}$, showing the fact that all samples tested, except Taeksa (Alisma canaliculatum All. Br.), Paekjain (Nitraria sibirica Pall) and Ohyak (Lindera strychifolia Sieb. et Zucc. Villar) are capable of inducing DNA strand break. We also found that Taeksa and Paekjain strongly block DNA strand break induced by chemical mutagen mitomycin C.

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Regulation of Pipernonaline on Biological Functions of Human Prostate Cancer Cells Based on Microarray Analysis (Microarray를 이용한 pipernonaline의 인간 전립선 암세포에 대한 기능 조절 분석)

  • Kim, Sang-Hun;Kim, Kwang-Youn;Yu, Sun-Nyoung;Park, Seul-Ki;Kwak, In-Seok;Rhee, Moon-Soo;Bang, Byung-Ho;Chun, Sung-Sik;Ahn, Soon-Cheol
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.22 no.11
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    • pp.1552-1557
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    • 2012
  • It has been reported that pipernonaline isolated from Piper longum Linn. has a wide biochemical and pharmacological effect, including antitumor activity in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. However, its mechanism and expression pattern of many genes involved in biological functions are not clearly understood. To perform the gene expression study in PC-3 cells treated with pipernonaline, a cDNA microarray chip composed of 44,000 human cDNA probes was used. As a result, cell cycle-related genes, apoptosis-related genes, and cell proliferation/growth-related genes have been identified in gene ontology of the DAVID database. These results suggest that pipernonaline has antitumor activity by regulating the expression pattern of genes involved in biological signaling pathway in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Further, additional analysis of these microarray data can be a useful tool to identify the mechanism and discovery of novel genes in cancer therapy.

Effects of Piperine on Insulin Resistance and Lipid Accumulation in Palmitate-treated HepG2 Cells (Palmitate처리된 인간 간세포주 HepG2 세포에서 piperine의 지질 축적과 인슐린 저항성 기전에 대한 연구)

  • Jung, Hee Jin;Bang, EunJin;Jeong, Seong Ho;Kim, Byeong Moo;Chung, Hae Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.29 no.9
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    • pp.964-971
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    • 2019
  • Hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance increases in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Piperine is a major compound found in black pepper (Piper nigrum) and long pepper (P. longum). Piperine has been used in fine chemical for its anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However, the signaling-based mechanism of piperine and its role as an inhibitor of lipogenesis and insulin resistance in human hepatocyte cells remains ill-defined. In the present study, we explored the effects of piperine on lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, and explored the potential underlying molecular mechanisms in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. Piperine treatment resulted in a significant reduction of triglyceride content. Furthermore, piperine treatment decreased palmitate-treated intracellular lipid deposition by inhibiting the lipogenic target genes, sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS); whereas the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT-1) and phosphorylation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) gene involved in fatty acid oxidation was increased. Moreover, piperine also inhibited the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 (Ser307). Piperine treatment modulated palmitate-treated lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in HepG2 cells with concomitant reduction of lipogenic target genes, such as SREBP-1 and FAS, and induction of CPT-1-ACC and phosphorylation of IRS-1 (Tyr632)-Akt pathways. Therefore, piperine represents a promising treatment for the prevention of lipid accumulation and insulin resistance.