• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.94-104
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• 2013

A numerical analysis has been conducted to determine the pitch thrust vectoring characteristics of a two-dimensional convergent divergent exhaust nozzle for supersonic aircraft application. The numerical analysis was done by using Fluent and verified by the experimental test results. Analysis was performed with pitch angle of $0^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$ each at the ambient temperature condition. To see the effect of a ratio of pitch flap length and pitch flap height, the ratio was varied from 0.5 to 2.5. The numerical analysis shows that pitch thrust is changed greatly with pitch flap length. The big difference of the pitch thrust with pitch flap length is due to the shock interactions in the nozzle.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.21-26
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• 2020

In this paper, we investigated the characteristics of SF-MPAA depend on the structures of radiators when they were embroidered for realizing embroidered SF-MPAA. As increasing pitches by decreasing numbers of grids in length-direction and width-direction of the embroidered radiator the antenna gain and resonance frequency were trendingly decreased. However the characteristics of antenna were affected very much by the pitch in width-direction but affected relatively less by the pitch in length-direction. Therefore it was beneficial to decrease number of grids in length-direction to decrease conductor ratio. SLL was affected by the combination of length-direction pitch and width-direction pitch. The conductor ratio of embroidered radiator was determined by the ratio of pitch to embroidered thread thickness. When the ratio was less than 5 the conductor ratio was decreased rapidly. But when the ratio was larger than 5 the conductor ratio was decreased slowly and saturated.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 1993.12a
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• pp.10-10
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• 1993

발성시 피치의 조절기전에는 많은 영향들이 있겠으나 대표적으로 성대의 긴장도, 용량 및 길이의 변화가 대표적인 요소라 하겠으며 그중 대표적인 요소가 긴장도의 변화라 하겠다. 성대의 긴장에 미치는 영향으로는 먼저 후두내의 요소로는 잘 알려진 대로 성대근에 의한 내적인 긴장도의 증대와 윤상갑상근에 의한 길이의 증대에 의한 외적인 긴장도의 중대등이 피치의 변화를 일으키는 요소이며 또한 후두외적인 요소로서 설골상부근과 설골하부근이 피치에 영향을 준다는 사실은 잘 알려진 사실이다.(중략)

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.2E
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• pp.33-37
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• 1993

부호여기선형예측 형태의 음성 부호화기에 있어서주된 단점은 요구되는 계산량이많다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 음질의 저하없이 자기상관에 근거한 피치예측기에서 피치 찾는 시간을 줄이는 간단한 방법을 제안한다. 기본적인 발상은, 피치찾는 과정에서 나타나는 자기상관 함수의 특성에 근거하여, 음의 봉우리의 폭을 이전 양의 봉우리의 폭을 이용하여 추정하여 건너 뜀으로써 피치 찾는 범위를 자기상관함수의 양의 값쪽으로 제한하는 것이다. 이렇게 피치찾는 구간에 제약을 가함으로써 요구되는 계산량은 감소하게 된다. 제안된 방법을 적용한 결과, 평균 약 40%의 계산량 감소를 음질의 저하없이 얻을 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.891-898
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• 2007

Optimal aerodynamic design for the pitch-controlled horizontal axis wind turbine and its aerodynamic performance for various pitch angles are performed numerically by using the blade element momentum theory. The numerical calculation includes effects such as Prandtl‘s tip loss, airfoil distribution, and wake rotation. Six different airfoils are distributed along the blade span, and the special airfoil i.e. airfoil of 40% thickness ratio is adopted at the hub side to have structural integrity. The nonlinear chord obtained from the optimal design procedure is linearized to decrease the weight and to increase the productivity with very little change of the aerodynamic performance. From the comparisons of the power, thrust, and torque coefficients with corresponding values of different pitch angles, the aerodynamic performance shows delicate changes for just $3^{\circ}$ increase or decrease of the pitch angle. For precisive pitch control, it requires the pitch control algorithm and its drive mechanism below $3^{\circ}$ increment of pitch angle. The maximum torque is generated when the speed ratio is smaller than the designed one.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 1991

The pitch estimation algorithms witch have proposed until now are difficult to detect wide range pitches regardless of age or sex. A little deviation are observed with reference to the center pitch in the distribution diagram of pitches, since pitches are characterized by a physical limitation of the coarticulation mechanism. If the center pitches are refered to the accurate pitch extraction procedure, the algorithms will be not only simplified in procedure but also improved in accuracy. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that the center pitches are accurately detected by using the spectrum leakage phenomenon for the noise speech signals.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3170-3176
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• 2013

In this study, the performance of an impeller according to blade length and pitch angle was studied experimentally by building a variable pitch impeller while changing blade length to review the effect of blade length and pitch angle on a fan's performance and sound characteristics. The pitch angle was changed in six steps from $20^{\circ}{\sim}45^{\circ}$ at intervals of $5^{\circ}$ while the blade lengths were changed 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm and 120 mm with an identical airfoil shape while carrying out the experiment.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.275-283
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• 2006

Objective: Small orthodontic mini-implants are useful as anchorage. However they have some weaknesses such as loosening. This study was carried out to analyze the mechanical effects of the dual pitch and diameter on the insertion and removal torque of mini-implants. Methods: The threads of mini-implants were mono and dual pitch. The diameters of mini-implants were 1.4 mm and 1.6 mm. Four groups were tested (mono 1.4 mm, mono 1.6 mm, dual 1.4 mm and dual 1.6 mm). All were inserted and removed on polyurethane foam with the torques being measured. Results: The maximum torque of the dual pitch groups was higher than the mono pitch groups during removal but lower during insertion. The maximum torque of the 1.6 mm diameter groups was higher than the 1.4 mm diameter groups during insertion and removal. The dual pitch 1.4 mm group showed the lowest insertion torque but had similar or superior levels of removal torque to that of the mono pitch 1.6 mm group. Conclusions: The dual pitch especially showed a continuous high removal torque after the peak. Despite the small diameter, the dual pitch might improve the initial mechanical stability.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.281-284
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• 2002

본 연구는 우리말 장단모음의 특성을 분석하는 것을 목표로 한다. 쓰여져 있는 문장에서 장단 모음을 구별할 줄 사람들 중 남자 3명을 선정하여 7개의 모음(/ㅣ, ㅐ, ㅏ, ㅓ, ㅗ, ㅜ, ㅡ/)을 발음하게 한 후, 각 장단 모음 쌍의 길이, 피치, 음가를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 장단모음이 사라졌다는 일부 주장과는 달리 모든 화자에게서 통계학적으로 유의한 길이의 차이를 관찰하였으며 대부분의 경우에 피치와 음가(F2)도 유의한 차이가 남을 발견하였다. 그러나 이 관찰된 음가의 차이는 모음 자체의 음가의 차이가 아니라 다음에 따라오는 조사의 모음의 영향으로 인한 주변동화현상(contextual assimilation)에 의한 것으로 추정된다. 즉, 장모음은 길이가 긴 까닭에 자신의 음가를 충분히 실현한 반면 단모음은 다음에 나오는 모음의 음가의 영향을 강하게 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.11-19
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• 1991

음성 신호의 합성기법들 중에서 파형코딩법은 음질이 우수하기 때문에 분석에 의한 합성법으로 많이 사용하고 있다. 그렇지만 음원과 성도의특성을 분리하지 않고 파형의 잉여분만을 제거한 후에 파 형자체를 저장하기 때문에 규칙에 의한 합성기법으로 사용하기에는 어려움이 많다. 본 논문은 파형코딩 법 중 선형 PCM 코딩법으로 저장된 음성파형에 대해 피치를 양분할 수 있는 주기반분법을 제안하여 파형자체의 음원을 분리하지 않고 피치 주기를 변경시킬 수 있는 새로운 피치 변경법을 제안하였다. 따 라서 음질이 우수한 파형코딩 합성법으로 규칙에 의한 합성을 수행할 수 있다.