• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.363-373
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• 2018

Evacuation facilities are installed so that people can evacuate high-rise apartment houses when it is impossible to escape fire through the front door. The households of apartment houses may escape the building in two ways, which will reduce loss of lives. This study examined the characteristics of two-way evacuation facilities, including a light-weight partition wall, shelter space at the balcony and horizontally-installed indoor emergency exit. Then, it proposed a horizontally-installed outdoor emergency exit that improved the problems of the examined facility types, and analyzed its economic-feasibility. When a horizontally-installed emergency exit instead of a traditional type to escape from fire is used, people may be more autonomous in deciding whether active evacuation is possible or not. Thus, the time required to evacuate the building with 4 different evacuation methods using the stairs and horizontally-installed emergency exit was simulated in consideration of the impact of evacuation methods that people choose on the time required for evacuation using pathfinder. Then, the simulation results were compared and analyzed. Any appropriate evacuation method to reduce the time required for evacuation was predicted, analyzed and decided. As a result of this study, it was analyzed that the high - rise apartment top - down type evacuation zone can shorten the total evacuation time compared to the staircase type.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.84-95
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• 1988

이 논문에서는 Predtecheuskii와 Milinski에 의해 개발된 보행자 이동을 대비한 설계방법에 대하여 검토하고, 고층사무소 건물에서의 실제 피난훈련에 대하여 기술에서의 실제 피난훈련에 대하여 기술하면서 고충건물에서의 계단을 중심으로 한 출구의 모델을 제공한다. 또한 이 논문은 예측되는 피난 수단과 그것에 대한 규제의 필요성을 간략하게 비교하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.255-258
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 이전의 연구를 통해 계단형 공동주택 화재 시 재실자 피난특성 및 연기거동에 관한 연구를 실물실험을 통해 수행한 바 있으나 이때 야기된 문제점들을 적절한 방재설비를 도입함으로써 일부 해소하고자 하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이전의 연구와 동일한 대상 건물과 조건에서 수치해석을 수행하며 특히 계단실에 방재설비(배연팬 등) 설치 유 무에 따른 독성가스의 전파 특성 및 최상층까지의 도달시간등을 비교 검토하였다. 계단형 공동주택에서 층간에 배연팬이 설치되어 작동되는 경우가 배연팬이 없는 경우보다 약 45%의 CO 방출량을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단되지만 1층 출입구를 통해 유입되는 공기량은 배연팬이 없는 경우가 배연팬이 설치되어 작동되는 경우보다 약 23% 크기 때문에 이로 인해 제연풍속의 증가를 가져올 수도 있을 것이다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 1998

As high-rise Apartment buildings increase the importance of fire prevention and escape performance. While these buildings provide dwellers with much more houses, they have the basic escape safety problem in their apartment buildings. In these respect, this study aims to present the Principles of Fire protection for the escape performance of apartment buildings. This study reviews basic theories of escape in apartment buildings. I figure out the characteristics of the fires in apartment buildings by case studying the fire in the apartment buildings, and find out the existing problems for escape performance and fire prevention by surveying. In this study, the major findings are as follows: The planning method should be based on the escape performance. In the planning stage, fire safety should be considered more seriously than law and economic factors.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.429-438
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• 2013

In this study, compare and analyze for high-rise evacuation safety design criteria improvement about internal high-rise building egress safety rule. To the result, high-rise evacuation safety design criteria improvement data can be summarized as follows. First, should compute the evacuation capacity about the number of persons and when more than 2 exits are requested, over 50% of evacuation capacity must be satisfied even approaching to 1 exit is unable. Second, 2 ways of evacuation can be made smoothly by the stair or exit separation-distance standard regulation. Third, regulate the length limitation of dead-end corridor or passageway and it should give grades in limitation of whether the spring-cooler has been installed. Fourth, must secure the evacuation way and do the evacuee guidance when it's safety area and elevator or stair. Also needs to provide extra safety area to secure horizontal direction Escape Safety except fire escaping floor.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

Junction at the staircase is one of key factors for building egress analysis. The most important factor is the congestion at the door or somewhere connecting from bigger area to smaller one. The other factor is the congestion in the staircase. It happens when people from upper floors meets people from the connecting floor. Especially egress situation at the high-rise building is worse. The simulation of the junction is only described by physical agent algorithms in egress model. For that reason, the description of phenomena will validate with the result of experiment and estimate the gap between modeling and experiment. In this research, the experiment of the junction and the simulation was conducted and validated. The gap between the experiment and the modeling was estimated. The flow rates of modeling were lower than the modeling.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.273-278
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• 2010

지난 2009년부터 30층 이상 건축물에 대해 성능위주 설계가 의무화되면서 초고층 건축물의 피난설계에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 수직적인 계단실 내부에서 반복적으로 회전하며 이동하는 초고층 건축물의 피난행태는 일반적인 건축물과는 큰 차이가 있으므로 그 동안 상대적으로 활발히 진행되어온 일반적 중 저층 건축물의 피난기준을 초고층 건축물에 적용시키기에는 어느 정도 무리가 있다고 판단된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 초고층 건축물의 피난계단실의 합리적인 설계를 위한 선행연구로 건축물에서 피난시간을 결정하는 주요 요소들을 선별하여 각 결정인자의 변화정도에 따라 피난시간이 어떻게 변하는지 민감도 분석을 실시하였다. 실험 시나리오의 작성을 위해 BuildingEXODUS를 사용하였고, PASW 18을 사용하여 결과값에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였다.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.38-50
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• 2022

Purpose: The goal of this research is to create a numerical analytic database that may assist fire prevention managers and building officials in prioritizing items that need to be addressed in order to improve evacuation safety performance while working within a constrained budget and time frame. Method: It was carried out utilizing the CFD Tool, a quantitative evaluation approach, to assess evacuation safety. One direct staircase-type apartment houses and one corridor-type apartment were chosen to make it. Result: In the fire compartment category, Apartment A's evacuation time was around 130 percent longer than that of sprinkler facilities. Conclusion: Fire prevention managers and building officials feel that starting with a single level and implementing "dwelling unit separations" will increase evacuation safety, and that maintaining fire compartments and sprinkler systems at all times will be effective. Because of the limited characteristics of smoke propagation in corridor-type apartments compared to direct staircase-type flats, it is thought that fire extinguishing equipment should be addressed.

• 방재와보험
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• s.34
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• pp.52-53
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• 1987

• 방재와보험
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• s.2
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• pp.63-65
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• 1974