• Food Science and Industry
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.188-202
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• 2022

In the insect industry, as the scope of application of insects is expanded from pet insects and natural enemies to feed, edible and medicinal insects, the demand for quality control of insect raw materials is increasing, and interest in securing the safety of insect products is increasing. In the process of expanding the industrial scale, controlling the temperature and humidity and air quality in the insect breeding room and preventing the spread of pathogens and other pollutants are important success factors. It requires a controlled environment under the operating system. European commercial insect breeding facilities have attracted considerable investor interest, and insect companies are building large-scale production facilities, which became possible after the EU approved the use of insect protein as feedstock for fish farming in July 2017. Other fields, such as food and medicine, have also accelerated the application of cutting-edge technology. In the future, the global insect industry will purchase eggs or small larvae from suppliers and a system that focuses on the larval fattening, i.e., production raw material, until the insects mature, and a system that handles the entire production process from egg laying, harvesting, and initial pre-treatment of larvae., increasingly subdivided into large-scale production systems that cover all stages of insect larvae production and further processing steps such as milling, fat removal and protein or fat fractionation. In Korea, research and development of insect smart factory farms using artificial intelligence and ICT is accelerating, so insects can be used as carbon-free materials in secondary industries such as natural plastics or natural molding materials as well as existing feed and food. A Korean-style customized breeding system for shortening the breeding period or enhancing functionality is expected to be developed soon.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2006

The first packaging of Korean market milk dates back to July 1937 when Seoul Dairy Co-operative (Kyung Seong Dairy Co-operative in those days) used 1 hob (180 ml) glass bottles with either paper caps or cork caps. During 1945-1972, 2 hob (360 ml) glass bottles were produced, and iron caps and egret-shaped plastic film replaced the previously used caps. When there were insufficient numbers of milk bottles, other glass bottles such as soda drink bottles and beer bottles were used instead. Seoul Dairy Co-operative was the only dairy company existing in Korea until Nam Yang Dairy Co. Ltd was founded in March 1964, followed by Hae Tae Dairy Co. Ltd(Tae Han Food Public Corporation in those days) in 1969 and Mae-il Dairy Co. Ltd (Korea Dairy Company in those days) in May 1971. As many other dairy companies along with the above-mentioned companies were established, a variety of dairy products were packaged and marketed. In 1971 Seoul Dairy Co-operative first used triangular-shaped polyethylene film wrappers, and in 1972 Nam Yang Diary was the first company importing sterilized Tetra pak for the packaging of milk. Since 1974 rectangular shaped polyethylene film wrappers and plastic bottles were used. In 1977 the gable top carton pack made of paper was first introduced by Seo Joo Industry Co. Ltd, and its market share increased rapidly with gradual increase in its volume, from 180ml to 200ml, to 250ml, to 500ml and finally to 1,000ml, causing change in the volume of milk consumption. And in Sep. 1987 Pasteur market milk Co. Ltd. first used round type high density polyethylene bottle(body) with low density polyethylene cap of 245g, 490g and 980g volumes respectively.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.331-343
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• 2017

In this study to improve stability, workability and economics of the H-Pile+Earth plate or H-Pile+Earth plate+Cutoff grouting currently in use, we had developed HCS method belonging to the retaining wall which is consisting of a combination H-Pile, Plastic Sheet Pile and Steel Square Pipe for gap maintenance and reinforcement of flexible plastic Sheet Pile, and the behavior of each member composing HCS method is investigated by three-dimensional finite element analysis. To numerically analyze the behavior of the HCS method, we have performed extensive three-dimentional finite element analysis for three kinds of plastic Sheet Pile size, two kinds of H-Pile size and three kinds of H-Pile installation interval, one kinds of Steel Square Pipe and three kinds of Steel Square Pipe installation interval. After analyzing the numerical results, we found that the combinations of $P.S.P-460{\times}131.5{\times}7t$ (PS7) and H-Pile $250{\times}250{\times}9{\times}14$ (H250), $P.S.P473{\times}133.5{\times}9t$ (PS9) and H-Pile $300{\times}200{\times}9{\times}14$ (H300) is the most economical because these combinations are considered to have a stress ratio (=applied stress/allowable stress) close to that as the stiffness of H-Pile, plastic Sheet Pile and Steel Square Pipe composite increased, the horizontal displacement of the retaining wall and the vertical displacement of the upper ground decreased. Especially, due to the arching effects caused by the difference in stiffness between H-Pile and plastic Sheet Pile, a large part of the earth pressure acting on plastic Sheet Pile caused a stress transfer to H-Pile, and the stress and displacement of plastic Sheet Pile were small. Through this study, we can confirm the behavior of each member constituting the HCS method, and based on the confirmed results of this study, it can be used to apply HCS method in reasonable, stable and economical way in the future.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.117-131
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• 2017

This study was performed to analyze education contents related to milk in current home economics textbooks of middle school, and to investigate intake status, consumption behaviors, perception and nutritional knowledge of milk and dairy products among 364 middle school students in Gongju for improvement of milk education in home economics subjects and milk intake of adolescents. As a result, education contents of milk and dairy products in home economics textbooks currently applied in middle school were major nutrients, consumption method for balanced diet, and selection and storage of milk and dairy products, thus it tended not to match current food trend. Only 30.5% of subjects met 2 cups of milk a day, the recommended level. The main reason for drinking milk was to 'be taller' and 'to quench thirst' and there was a difference by gender(p<0.01). The rate of not participating in school milk program was 23.1% of total and its satisfaction was moderate. The most popular dairy products by subjects were ice cream, followed by yogurt and cheese, and the choice of milk was focused on 'taste' or 'expiration date'. The rate of knowing certification mark of K-MILK was low at 28.8%, and most subjects knew as 'domestic milk use'. In home economics class, experience-based learning such as cow ranch experience was the most preferred instruction method for milk followed by laboratory practice and lecture, and there was a difference by gender(p<0.001). Perception degree of milk and dairy products was moderate and male subjects were more positively perceived than female subjects(p<0.01). Nutritional knowledge level of milk and dairy products was moderate and female subjects were higher than male subjects(p<0.01). Therefore, education contents of milk and dairy products of home economics textbooks of middle school should be centered on real life in accordance with food trend, and applied student participation-based instruction methods such as experience-based learning. In addition, it is necessary to enhance taste and merchandise of milk and to provide them with preferred milk and dairy products in school milk program for improvement of milk intake of adolescents.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.257-264
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• 1999

The trickling system for automatic and individual watering were made with Bunchungto, Ongito and Backjato. The thickness of ceramics were 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0mm. And they were fired in a muffle furnace at five different temperatures between 500 and 900'E during 12 hours. The upper plastic parts of sensor consisted of five elements made by steel mold. With the photo fiber sensor attached to datalogger, an accumulated amount of drops for every 10 minutes were recorded. The porosity is higher in the order of Bunchungto, Backjato and Ongito; also, as the firing temperature is higher and the thickness is thicker, the porosity is higher. The ceramic sensors consisted of $SiO_2$ of 54.17~71.62wt.%, A1$_2$ $O_3$ of 15.42~33.79wt.% and the rest of 10wt.%, those were Fe$_2$ $O_3$, CaO, MgO, Na$_2$O, $K_2$O, Ti $O_2$, P$_2$ $O_{5}$. The pattern of dropping were changed according to the variety, thickness and firing temperature of ceramics. As the ceramics were made thicker, the fluctuation of dropping became more rapid, but it did not regularly work at 1mm thickness. As the firing temperature of ceramics became higher, the fluctuation of dropped amount became more rapid.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.194-201
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• 2015

We have investigated the EPR signal properties in 12 components of two mobile phones (LCD, OLED) using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer in this study.EPR measurements were performed at normal atmospheric conditions using Bruker EXEXSYS-II E500 spectrometer with X-band bridge, and samples were irradiated by $^{137}Cs$ gamma-ray source. To identify the presence of radiation-induced signal (RIS), the EPR spectra of each sample were measured unirradiated and irradiated at 50 Gy. Then, dose-response curve and signal intensity variating by time after irradiation were measured. As a result, the signal intensity increased after irradiation in all samples except the USIM plastic and IC chip. Among the samples, cover glass(CG), lens, light guide plate(LGP) and diffusion sheet have shown fine linearity ($R^2$ > 0.99). Especially, the LGP had ideal characteristics for dosimetry because there were no signal in 0 Gy and high rate of increase in RIS. However, this sample showed weakness in fading. Signal intensity of LGP and Diffusion Sheet decreased by 50% within 72 hours after irradiation, while signals of Cover Glass and Lens were stably preserved during the short period of time. In order to apply rapidly EPR dosimetry using mobile phone components in large-scale radiation accidents, further studies on signal differences for same components of the different mobile phone, fading, pretreatment of samples and processing of background signal are needed. However, it will be possible to do dosimetry by dose-additive method or comparative method using unirradiated same product in small-scale accident.