• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.46-57
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• 2019

Generally speeding appeared to be the most contributing factor of fatalities occurred in work zones, and highway agencies in South Korea have concerned of the safety of workers and drivers in the poor circumstances. In this study, a portable variable message signs (PVMS) system as an alternative of control speeding in work zones was implemented. This study evaluated the safety effectiveness of the PVMS based on speeds and the compliance with the speed limit. Linear regression and logistic regression models were adopted to quantify the safety effect of the PVMS between the 'before' and 'after'. The results showed that most of points had statistically significant speeds reduction experience after PVMS installation. Also, the percentage of vehicle exceeding the speed limit by 10 km/h or more was decreased significantly between 50 and 80% in the 'after' periods compared to the 'before' periods. Therefore, the PVMS would be contributed to benefit safety in work zones which there is a difference in design speed of the adjacent normal section.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2023

The objective of this study is to improve the survey rate and reliability of survey control point marks, which serve as the foundation for location-based services. Within the scope of this research, we have inspected the current status and reporting systems for national control point marks, public control point marks, and cadastral control point marks, identifying various issues. To tackle these challenges, we have prepared proposals for new unit cost calculations for national control point mark inspections, enhancements to the inspection and reporting systems for survey control point marks, and preliminary reporting procedures for surveyors using these control point marks. Additionally, we have established a workflow to refine the process of survey control point mark inspections and have proposed an automated system for calculating the unit cost for unreported targets. The study anticipates that these changes will improve the efficiency of future survey control point mark inspection tasks.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2011

Purpose: To assess the usefulness of implanted fiducial markers in the setup of hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer patients by comparing a fiducial marker matched setup with a pelvic bone match. Materials and Methods: Four prostate cancer patients treated with definitive hypofractionated radiotherapy between September 2009 and August 2010 were enrolled in this study. Three gold fiducial markers were implanted into the prostate and through the rectum under ultrasound guidance around a week before radiotherapy. Glycerin enemas were given prior to each radiotherapy planning CT and every radiotherapy session. Hypofractionated radiotherapy was planned for a total dose of 59.5 Gy in daily 3.5 Gy with using the Novalis system. Orthogonal kV X-rays were taken before radiotherapy. Treatment positions were adjusted according to the results from the fusion of the fiducial markers on digitally reconstructed radiographs of a radiotherapy plan with those on orthogonal kV X-rays. When the difference in the coordinates from the fiducial marker fusion was less than 1 mm, the patient position was approved for radiotherapy. A virtual bone matching was carried out at the fiducial marker matched position, and then a setup difference between the fiducial marker matching and bone matching was evaluated. Results: Three patients received a planned 17-fractionated radiotherapy and the rest underwent 16 fractionations. The setup error of the fiducial marker matching was $0.94{\pm}0.62$ mm (range, 0.09 to 3.01 mm; median, 0.81 mm), and the means of the lateral, craniocaudal, and anteroposterior errors were $0.39{\pm}0.34$ mm, $0.46{\pm}0.34$ mm, and $0.57{\pm}0.59$ mm, respectively. The setup error of the pelvic bony matching was $3.15{\pm}2.03$ mm (range, 0.25 to 8.23 mm; median, 2.95 mm), and the error of craniocaudal direction ($2.29{\pm}1.95$ mm) was significantly larger than those of anteroposterior ($1.73{\pm}1.31$ mm) and lateral directions ($0.45{\pm}0.37$ mm), respectively (p<0.05). Incidences of over 3 mm and 5 mm in setup difference among the fractionations were 1.5% and 0% in the fiducial marker matching, respectively, and 49.3% and 17.9% in the pelvic bone matching, respectively. Conclusion: The more precise setup of hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer patients is feasible with the implanted fiducial marker matching compared with the pelvic bony matching. Therefore, a less marginal expansion of planning target volume produces less radiation exposure to adjacent normal tissues, which could ultimately make hypofractionated radiotherapy safer.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2007

Purpose: We proposed the method using dose-volume Histogram index to compare prospective plan trials in tomotherapy planning optimization. Materials and Methods: For 3 patients in cranial region, thorax and abdominal region, we acquired computed tomography images with PQ 5000 in each case. Then we delineated target structure and normal organ contour with pinnacle Ver 7.6c, after transferred each data to tomotherapy planning system (hi-art system Ver 2.0), we optimized 3 plan trials in each case that used differ from beam width, pitch, importance. We analyzed 3 plan trials in each region with isodose distribution, dose-volume histogram and dose statistics. Also we verified 3 plan trials with specialized DVH-indexes that is dose homogeneity index in target organ, conformity index around target structure and dose gradient index in non-target structures. Results: We compared with the similarity of results that the one is decide the best plan trial using isodose distribution, dose volume histogram and dose statistics, and the another is using DVH-indexes. They all decided the same plan trial to better result in each case. Conclusion: In some of case, it was appeared a little difference of results that used to DVH-index for comparison of plan trial in tomotherapy by special goal in it. But because DVH-index represented both dose distribution in target structure and high dose risk about normal tissue, it will be reasonable method for comparison of many plan trials before the tomotherapy treatments.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.5
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• pp.645-654
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• 2000

The aim of this study was to described the genetic structure of Eleutherococcus senticosus in Korea. We investigated 10 patches, which are eight Korean patches and two foreign patches come from Russia and China growing at Korean habitat, using ISSR(inter-simple sequence repeats) markers. In ISSR PCR, the overall percentage of polymorphic ISSR amplicons was 76% and the mean number of amplicons per ISSR primer was 11.5, which were higher than the RAPD results for the some cultivars collected in Korea(Kim et al., 1998) ; 57% and 5.7, respectively. So ISSR markers provide more powerful tool than RAPD markers for the investigation of genetic variation in E. senticosus. There are relatively high genetic variation among patches as 62.8%, but low variation within eight Korean patches. Such pattern of genetic variation, which is not ordinary in other tree species, may be result from the narrow and limited habitats and the asexual reproduction of this species at the natural stands in Korea. Although the small sample size in this study seemed to be resulted in the high genetic variation among patches, the overall genetic interpretation of this study might not be much affected on the basis of the characteristics of the distribution and the reproduction system of E. senticosus. Analysis of genetic distance between all pairs of the patches did not reveal any trends with regard to geographic distance, which was confirmed by the results obtained from AMOVA(analysis of molecular variance) and PCA(principal component analysis). These results suggest that, in addition to the preservation of the natural stands, the conservation of larger number of patches with small number of individuals per patch is more effective for the ex situ conservation and for maintaining the genetic diversity of E. senticosus in Korea than smaller patches with large number of individuals.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.162-170
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• 2004

On the basis of the radiotracer technology and the related equipments which have been developed for its industrial application through the nuclear long-term research project, a radiotracer study on sediment transport was carried out as a part of the development of the radiotracer technology for a coastal environment. The crystalline material doped with iridium having a similar composition and specific gravity as those of the bedload sand collected from the research area was produced by the oxide-route method. A radioisotope container was specially designed to inject the radiotracer from 1 m above the sea bedload without radioactive contamination during the transport from the nuclear reactor at KAERI. The position data from the DGPS and the radiation measurement data were collected concurrently and stored by means of the application software programmed with the LabVIEW of the National Instrument. The position data was reprocessed to represent the real position of the radiation probe under water and not that of the DGPS antenna on board. The time dependency of the spatial distribution of the sediment was studied in the area through three tracking measurements after the iridium glass was injected. This trial application showed the potential of the radiotracer technology as an important role for maintaining and developing the coastal environment in the future.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.49
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• pp.95-126
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to compare learners' academic texts with academic texts of native speakers and to examine the usage patterns of learners' objectification strategies in detail. In order to achieve objectivity as a discourse mechanism applied to describe the results of academic inquiry in a scientific way with universality and validity, we analyzed concepts and signs such as related intentionality, accuracy, and mitigation of the linguistic markers of objectification strategies. As a result of the comparison, it was analyzed that there are intersectional overlaps with the signs that reveal objectivity, signs indicating related mechanisms, and there is a different set that is differentiated. Objective markers can be broadly classified as emphasizing stativity of research results, separating research subjects from research results, and generalizing research contents. Sustainable expressions and noun phrases emphasize statehood, and non-inhabited expressions, passive expressions, and self-quotations are maintained in the distance between the claimant and the writer, and the pluralization through first-person pronouns and suffixes contributes to generalization. In the case of the learner, the non-inhuman expression of the quotation type appears to be very less compared to the maw speaker, which could be due to the lack of recognition of the citation method of the Korean academic text. Next, in the generalization of the research contents, the expression of 'we' was very less compared to the maw speakers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.177-179
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• 2017

한국해양대학교는 IALA WWA에서 인증 받은 Level 1 (AtoN Manager) 교육기관으로 개도국 훈련을 분담하고 있다. "항로표지 전문가 및 글로벌 리더 양성"이라는 교육목표를 가지고 개도국을 위한 교육프로그램을 구성하였으며, IALA WWA 모델코스를 바탕으로 초청연수 교재를 개발하였다. 2017년 7월 한 달 간 아시아 태평양 지역의 항로표지 관리자 공무원을 대상으로 초청연수(역량강화)을 시행하였으며 초청 연수 종료 후 연수생을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하고 분석한 결과 항로표지에 관한 전문지식이 향상되었고 연수에 대한 만족도도 높게 나타났다. 한국해양대학교는 지속적인 항로표지교육을 실시하여 주변 개도국의 해양안전과 해양경쟁력을 발전시키는데 이바지할 계획이다.

• 방재와보험
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• s.107
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• pp.45-51
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• 2005

초고층 또는 대형.다중이용 건축물에서 화재 등 재해발생시 대형참사를 예방하기 위하여 대규모 관람장, 지하철역사 등의 바닥면에 설치하는 피난유도표시 설치가 주목 받고 있다. 화염으로 인해 조명과 피난표지의 식별이 곤란하게 되는 경우 피난유도표지는 피난경로를 지속적으로 확인할 수 있는 수단이기 때문이다. 특히 지난 9.11 세계무역센터 테러 당시 , 공포와 암흑 천지의 상황에서 빌딩 내에 설치되어 있던 피난유도표지는 많은 인명을 구하는데 크게 기여하기도 하였다. 축광 피난구 표지는 빛을 축적해 배터리 등의 전기적인 요소로 작동하는 비상조명과 달리 주위환경에 상관없이 작동할 수 있어 유지관리 측면에서 비상조명의 문제점을 보완할 수 있다. 더욱이 피난경로를 따라 이동할 수 있어 피난자가 얻는 심리적 이익도 함께 얻을 수 있는 잇점으로 전망 또한 매우 밝다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.254-260
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• 2007

음성은 컴퓨터로 대변되는 기계와 사람 그리고 기계를 매개로 한 사람과 사람의 상호작용에서 가장 쉽고 직관적인 인터페이스로 널리 활용되고 있다. 인간에게 음성정보를 제공하는 음성합성 분야에서는 합성결과의 자연스러움과 인식성이 시스템의 주요 평가요소로 활용되고 있는데 이러한 자연스러움과 인식성은 합성결과의 정확성뿐만 아니라 발화환경이나 발화자의 발화특징 혹은 감정상태 등에 의해 많은 영향을 받게 된다. 담화표지는 문장의 명제 내용에는 직접 관여하지 않으면서 화자의 발화 의도나 심리적 태도를 전달하는 구성 요소를 말하는데 본 논문에서는 담화표지가 포함된 대화 음성 데이터를 수집하여 담화표지의 음성언어적인 특징을 분석하고 분석된 결과를 음성합성 시스템에 활용하는 표현방식에 대해 논의한다.