• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.103-111
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• 2018

A prototypical building that represents the energy characteristics of buildings can be used as a mean of improving building energy efficiency by supporting policy makers, researchers, architects and engineers. This paper is a fundamental study for the definition of prototypical office building models of Korea. First of all, the term "prototypical buildings" was defined in the context of the representatives of building stock by examining the meanings used from many previous researches. Then, building energy related DB of Korea that is available from public and governmental organization such as MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) and KEEI (Korea Energy Economics Institute) is analyzed in terms of materials for prototypical building definition. Finally, numerous prototypical building studies since 1990's from all of the world were classified with three criteria based on the degrees of the used DB and assumptions in defining prototypical building. The found three criteria are EDPB (Empirical Decision based Prototypical Building), HIPB (Hybrid Information based Prototypical Building) SAPB (Statistical Analysis based Prototypical Building).

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.163-172
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• 2009

BIM technologies based on three-dimensional parametric solid modeling can provide building industries with a wide range of information, and then enable not only to automate architectural drawings, detect clashes between building components, and estimate building materials, but also to manage effectively architectural and engineering information about building spaces, structures, energy, just-in-time delivery, facility management, and code checking. This paper presents an implementation to extract geometric data from IFC files, and validates the system with simple and complex buildings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.197-209
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• 2020

Signboards are installed in different types and sizes depending on the shop characteristics. However, the local government is having difficulty managing signboards with frequent opening and closing of stores and insufficient management personnel. In this study, a methodology was proposed to standardize and efficiently manage signboard information. To this end, the signboard display method of the enforcement ordinance related to outdoor advertising was analyzed to define the attribute elements of standard signboard data. In addition, physical information of signboards was obtained through signboard recognition technology, which is a prior study, and attribute elements of signboard standard data were defined through information that can be read with the naked eye, building integration information of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety, and street name address. In order to standardize the signboard information by spatial characteristics, data product specifications and metadata were defined according to the national spatial information standard. Lastly, standard data for signboards were produced in XML (Extensible Markup Language) format for compatibility, and XSD (XML Schema Definition) was defined for XML integrity so that data validity could be verified. Through this, a standard data model for the informatization of signboards was designed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.339-339
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• 2017

손상함수란 건물, 차량, 농작물 등과 같은 피해대상물에 재난강도에 따른 취약도(vulnerability)를 정량화한 함수로, 재난리스크 모델에서 널리 사용되는 개념이다. 홍수재난에서 손상함수는 일반적으로 피해지역에서 조사된 경험적 피해자료(empirical data)를 활용하거나, 표준화된 피해대상물에 대한 손상성을 전문가의 의견(expert opinion)을 참고하여 개발된다. 이때, 취약도를 설명하는 설명변수는 일반적으로 침수심(inundation depth)이 사용되며, 그에 따른 취약도는 손상률(percent damage)로서 상대함수 형태가 일반적이다. 본 연구는 주거건물(residential building)에 대한 손상함수 개발을 위해 자연재난 손해사정 경력자(8인)를 대상으로 표준화된 주거건물(단독주택, 아파트, 연립/다세대주택)에 대해 침수에 따른 건물 손상성을 조사하였다. 주거건물 손상성을 설명하는 최대범위는 건물내부 바닥고를 기준으로 침수심 3m까지이며, 침수심 변화에 따른 손상성을 건물신축 공종에 따라 질의하고 이를 종합하였다. 조사과정은 (1) 표준건물에 대한 정의, (2) 공종별 침수에 따른 손상여부 질의, (3) 공종별 최대 손상률 평가 및 주요 피해내역 토의, (4) 공종별 침수심에 따른 손상률 평가, (5) 결과종합의 단계로 진행되었고, 이를 통해 주거건물 유형에 따른 손상함수를 개발할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 손상함수는 다양한 침수높이에서 주거건물에 대한 취약도를 설명하는 데 장점이 있으나, 그 결과는 향후 홍수피해지역을 대상으로 수집된 다양한 피해조사 결과와 비교하여 보완될 필요가 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.381-392
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• 2021

In this study, we perform deep learning-based object detection analysis on eight types of buildings defined by the digital map topography standard code, leveraging images taken with UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). Image labeling was done for 509 images taken by UAVs and the YOLO (You Only Look Once) v5 model was applied to proceed with learning and inference. For experiments and analysis, data were analyzed by applying an open source-based analysis platform and algorithm, and as a result of the analysis, building objects were detected with a prediction probability of 88% to 98%. In addition, the learning method and model construction method necessary for the high accuracy of building object detection in the process of constructing and repetitive learning of training data were analyzed, and a method of applying the learned model to other images was sought. Through this study, a model in which high-efficiency deep neural networks and spatial information data are fused will be proposed, and the fusion of spatial information data and deep learning technology will provide a lot of help in improving the efficiency, analysis and prediction of spatial information data construction in the future.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.565-572
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• 2014

A systematically structured 3D information model can be effectively utilized in many application fields. This study presents the methodology of generation and application of the city information model, which is suited for the management of the flood damage information. To ensure the interoperability and re-usability of the information, this study develops application methodology to utilize the information attributes included in the CityGML as an open standard data schema and extension methodology for additional information attributes. Also, an effective combining method for topography and building model was proposed. Using the data extracted from the combined information model based on a real flood damage case, it was shown that the numbers of casualties and isolation during a flood can be predicted and as a result, the applicability of the data model on flood damage estimation is naturally verified.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.203-204
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• 2007

BACnet (Building Automation and Control Networks) 은 빌딩 자동화와 컨트롤 시스템 전용의 표준 데이터 커뮤니케이션 시스템이다. BACnet은 현재 데이터링크 레이어의 전송 미디어로 5개의 유선 프로토콜을 제공하고 있다. 최근 건물 통신망에 무선 기술에 대한 수요 및 필요성이 높아지고 있다. Zigbee 는 IEEE 802.15.4를 기반으로 한 저 전력 무선 통신의 표준 프로토콜로써 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크의 특징을 포함하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 BACnet의 데이터 링크 레이어의 확장된 무선 옵션으로 Zigbee를 포함하는 기술에 대해 연구하고 이를 기술한 실제 모델을 개발한다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3307-3314
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• 2012

The annual energy demand of the standard rural house models was analyzed using the DesignBuilder. Indoor temperature set-point, U-value of outer wall, type of window, and degree of ventilation were selected as simulation parameters. In all the simulation cases, heating energy demand was higher than cooling energy demand regardless of the building size. When the lower U-value of the outer wall was applied to account for the thicker insulation layer, heating energy demand was decreased while cooling energy demand was increased. However, it is better to reduce the area of outer wall which is directly exposed to outdoor air because reducing the U-value of the outer wall is not effective in decreasing heating energy demand. Among the four different window types, the double skin window is most favorable because heating energy demand is the lowest. For a fixed infiltration rate, higher ventilation rate resulted in an increased heating energy demand and had minor impact on cooling energy demand. As long as the indoor air quality is acceptable, lower ventilation rate is favorable to reduce the annual energy demand.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.137-149
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• 2004

For 3D modelling artificial objects with computers, we have to draw frames and paint the facet images on each side. In this paper, a geographic modelling system building automatically 3D geographic spaces using GIS data and real images of buildings is proposed. First, the 3D model of terrain is constructed by using TIN and DEM algorithms. The images of buildings are acquired with a camera and its position is estimated using vertical lines of the image and the GIS data. The height of the building is computed with the image and the position of the camera, which used for making up the frames of buildings. The 3D model of the building is obtained by detecting the facet iamges of the building and texture mapping them on the 3D frame. The proposed geographical modeling system is applied to real area and shows its effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.688-693
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• 2022

In this paper, channel propagation path loss was measured in building corridors for frequency bands of 3.7 GHz and 28 GHz, which are used in 5G mobile communication, and compared and analyzed with CI (Close-In) and FI (Floating-Intercept) channel models. To measure the propagation path loss, the measurement was performed while moving the receiver (Rx) from the transmitter (Tx) by 10 m. As a result of the measurement, the PLE (Path Loss Exponent) values of the CI model at 3.7 GHz and 28 GHz were 1.5293 and 1.7795, respectively, and the standard deviations were analyzed as 9.1606 and 8.5803, respectively. In the FI model, 𝛼 values were 79.5269 and 70.2012, 𝛽 values were -0.6082 and 1.2517, respectively, and the standard deviations were 5.8113 and 4.4810, respectively. In the analysis results through the CI model and the FI model, the standard deviation of the FI model is smaller than that of the CI model, so it can be seen that the FI model is similar to the actual measurement result.