• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.271-280
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• 2016

The need to accurate quantification of blast pressure loading in the near field is important because the focus of security design of critical infrastructure, buildings and bridges is for near-field detonations. Incident and reflected pressures for near-field detonations are very difficult to be measured by commercially available pressure transducers due to the high pressure and temperature, which requires a verified and validated computational fluid dynamics code to reasonably predict the near-field pressures and impulses. This paper presents numerical studies to verify and validate a CFD code for calculations of incident and reflected overpressures and impulses. The near field is emphasized and recommendations for mesh sizes to optimally simulate the near-field detonation are provided.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2023

This study presents an analytical study of investigating the effect of shock waves generated by the hydrogen detonation and damage to structures for the safety evaluation of hydrogen storage facilities against detonation. Blast scenarios were established considering the volume of the hydrogen storage facility of 10 L to 50,000 L, states of charge (SOC) of 50% and 100%, and initial pressures of 50 MPa and 100 MPa. The equivalent TNT weight for hydrgen detonation was determined considering the mechanical and chemical energies of hydrogen. A hydrogen detonation model for the converted equivalent TNT weight was made using design equations that improved the Kingery-Bulmash design chart of UFC 3-340-02. The hydrogen detonation model was validated for overpressure and impulse in comparison to the past experimental results associated with the detonation of hydrogen tank. A parametric study based on the blast scenarios was performed using the validated hydrogen detonation model, and design charts for overpressure and impulse according to the standoff distance from the center of charge was provided. Further, design charts of the three-stage structural damage and standoff distance of adjacent structures according to the level of overpressure and impact were proposed using the overpressure and impulse charts and pressure-impulse diagrams.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.10-16
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• 2019

Information on overpressure, positive phase duration, and impulse are required to assess the effects of shock waves or pressure waves on the structure. In this study, the overpressure and positive phase duration were determined by applying the Multi-Energy Method, which is found to be effective in analyzing the explosion of vapor clouds. Based on the total heat of combustion estimated in the cyclohexane vapor cloud explosion in the Nypro Ltd(UK), overpressure and positive phase duration at the distance of 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 280, 320, 360(m) from the source of explosion were evaluated. Overpressure was shown to decrease exponentially and positive phase duration increased almost linearly with distance. A probit function was used to assess the probability of damages for the structures at each distance using the overpressure and impact obtained at the above mentioned distances. The Analyses of probability of damages have shown that there is a high probability of collapse at distances within 120m, major damage to structures within 240m, and minor damage and breakage of window panes of structures occur over the entire distances.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.172-177
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• 2002

가스폭발 시 폭발 압력에 의해 건물의 일부 또는 전체적인 파괴와 함께 외부에 영향을 미치는 영향은 주로 폭풍파의 압력과 고온의 화염이다. 그 중에서도 폭풍압은 건물에서의 가스폭발 시 파열면을 통과한 급격한 압력 방출에 의해 생겨나는 물리적인 현상으로 그 충격은 때에 따라서 구조물을 붕괴시킬 만큼 크다. 폭발에 의해 발생되는 폭풍압에 의한 피해가 크기 때문에 과거부터 폭풍압에 대한 연구가 계속되어 왔다.(중략)

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.22-29
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 균열이 존재하는 구조부재에 충격이나 폭발하중이 가해진 경우 동적응력확대계수를 구하는 방법들은 논의하고 특히 코오스틱 실험법 및 수치적으로 코오스틱 곡선을 구하여 동적응력확대계수를 구하는 과정을 자세히 설명하였다. 폭발 및 충격에 의한 구조물의 파괴해석은 이와 같은 하중을 받는 압력용기, 빌딩, 초고속선, 해군 함정 등의 파괴강도설계 및 안전성 평가에 핵심기술로 대두되고 있으며 또한 우주항공산업, 고속전철, 암반역학 등의 여러 분야에서 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 따라서 앞으로도 균열진전 및 정지조건, 탄소성 동적파괴해석 및 재료의 충격거동 등에 대한 연구들이 계속되어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

The understanding of the pressure associated with air blast, which travels through air, and its effect on surface and underground structures is highly important. It is necessary to determine the pressure change with time and distance for a computer simulation of the explosion impact on a structure. From the previous studies, many empirical equations for estimating the parameters related to the pressure change. In this study, the empirical equations for predicting peak overpressure, duration of positive phase, impulse, minimum negative pressure, duration of negative pressure, arrival time, and decay constant were reviewed and analyzed. Also, the pressure changes predicted from the Kingery equation, which is the most commonly used, and from the other empirical equations were compared.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.20-25
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• 2015

In order to examine the explosion risk of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, we experimentally studied the explosion limit, explosion pressure, and rate of increase of the explosion pressure at different oxygen concentrations. The lower explosion limit was 3.2% at a temperature of $100^{\circ}C$, and the oxygen concentration was 40 to 70%. The upper explosion limit was 4.5% and the lower explosion limit was 4.0% at an oxygen concentration of 21%.The maximum explosion pressure of 2-ethylhexanoic acid was 1.4161 MPa at an oxygen concentration of 70%, and the rate of increase of the explosion pressure was 62.692 MPa/s at this concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.15-18
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• 2004

피뢰기에 뇌 또는 이상전압과 같은 정격이상의 고장전류가 유입되어 발생하게 되는 순간적인 열 충격과 내부압력 상승은 폭탄이 내부에서 터지는 것과 같은 엄청난 양의 충격에너지이다. 본 연구에 있어서 폴리머 피뢰기의 제조에 사용된 모듈용 브레이드 복합재료는 압력해소 및 폭발 비산하지 않도록 하는 기능을 수행하도록 설계되어있다. 기존의 폴리머 피뢰기에 적용된 복합재료보다 충격에너지를 흡수하는 구조물에 유리한 브레이드 복합재료를 피뢰기 모듈의 제조에 도입한 것은 매우 의미 있는 일이라 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 열경화성 브레이드 복합재료를 제조하기 위하여 프리폼을 먼저 제작한 다음 금형에 삽입한 후 진공상태에서 수지를 주입하여 경화시키는 RTM공법을 이용하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 브레이드 패턴 및 방압개소 설계 등의 기초적인 자료조사 및 실험을 통하여 폴리머 피뢰기의 폭발 비산을 방지할 수 있는 압력해소 성능을 위한 기초 자료를 확보하고자 하는 것이다. 브레이드 복합재료의 기본적인 경화거동을 등온 및 동적 DSC를 이용하여 고찰하였고, 기본적인 전기적 특성을 평가하였으며, 방압개소를 가진 폴리머 피뢰기 모듈의 고장전류시험시 예상되는 열 충격에 대한 성능을 검증하기 위하여 열팽창계수를 측정하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.340-343
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• 2011

Explosive bolts are reliable and efficient mechanical fastening devices having the special feature of a built-in release. The disadvantage of explosive bolt lies in that it is based on the high explosive effect of a pyrotechnic charge. The aim of the present work is to propose a pyrotechnically releasable mechanical linking device for two mechanical elements that does not suffer from such drawbacks. The pyro-lock using the pressure cartridge has the release characteristic without fragmentation and minimum pyro-shock. The present work is focused on the design, the interpretation of structure, the separation mechanism, separation force, and the results of various tests.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.253-258
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• 1999

최근 가스 소비량이 급증하면서 가스 관련 사고 또한 증가하고 있는 추세에 있다. 가스관련 사고에 대한 분석결과 조정기의 제품불량으로 인한 사고 발생율이 급격하게 증가하고 있으며, 다수의 사고가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 LPG용 조정기의 불량에 의한 가스사고를 예방하고 사용상의 문제점을 개선하기 위해서 현재 유통되고 있는 사용중인 LPG용 조정기의 폭발위험성과 충격안전성을 고찰하여 폭발, 화재 방지 대책을 수립하고 시중에서 사용중인 조정기의 안전성을 검증하였다. (중략)