• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.4
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• pp.565-570
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• 1996

The landslide survey in an area of about 10 ha was carried out in Hyuseok-dong. Youngchoon-myeon, Danyang-gun, Choongcheongbuk-do. The results showed that there were many indications on geographical changes, such as scars, depressions, upheavals, cracks and destructions of the construction features. The mean degree of slope of the study area was $28^{\circ}$. The results of surface displacement in this area showed that landslide mass is moving in the direction of SE~SEE, and horizontal and vertical movement rate of the center of moving mass was about 1.2m/year and 0.86m/year, respectively. It was estimated that the amount of the soil erosion in the cliff at the lower edge of this area was 0.823m due to the caving erosion by the Namhangang(River) from June through November, 1995.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.123-135
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• 2016

This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) to investigate the management efficiency of Korean shipping companies based on business administration costs such as corporate entertainment, advertisement, and labor costs. We analyze shipping enterprises listed on the Korean stock market of the period of 2010-2014. Corporate entertainment, advertisement and labor costs are used as input variables and sales and net income are used as output variables. We use technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and returns to scale to propose a plan to improve the efficiency of inefficiency decision-making units (DMUs). The results of the efficiency analysis show that six of the DMUs in the technical efficiency of CCR model and eight of the DMUs in the pure technical efficiency of BCC model are in efficient state. In terms of return to scale, six of the DMUs(24% of all DMUs) show increasing returns to scale, while 13 DMUs(52% of all DMUs) showdecreasing returns to scale. Because multiple efficient state for DMUs exist in the technical efficiency analysis, we conduct a super efficiency analysis. The results show that the efficient state of the twomost efficient DMUs are 1.314 and 1.243, respectively. This implies that these DMUs could maintain their current levels of the efficiency if they increase the amount spent on advertisements, corporate entertainment and labor costs by 31.4% and 24.3%. respectively. We conclude this study by providing the efficiency states of each DMU and target for improving the inefficiencies in each case.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

The modern society has been drastically changed from the industrial economic society to the knowledge based society, to catch up with the knowledge and the change of technology required for the modern people, the people can not live in the modern society without the continued study or education. In case of architectural design firm, it is concentrating on the productivity of enterprise by cultivating the working level through the self education focused on the improvement of inner capacity. In connection with this, the efficiency of enterprises are analyzed by carrying out the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) utilizing the financial ratio index in the various field of industries recently, the analysis study for the efficiency utilizing DEA is increased in the construction industries as well. However, in case of construction industries, the study focused on the efficiency of administration only has been progressed, it is the real situation that the approach for the analysis of education efficiency of each enterprise is very insufficient. Therefore, this study analyzed the education efficiency of architectural design firm after the selection of input and output variables by utilizing the DEA model and utilizing the AHP analysis technique by deducting the variables through the preceding study in relation to the education efficiency and the interview with the specialists.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.35-47
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• 2004

Using data envelopment analysis, this paper annually estimates Malmquist total factor productivity indices and decomposes them into productive efficiency change, technical change, and scale change components for three publicly-owned rail transit properties: the Seoul Subway Corporation(SSC), the Seoul Metropolitan Electrified Railways Sector of Korea National Railroad (SMESRS) and the Busan Urban Transit Authority (BUTA). The paper then conceptualizes that the property produces a single output(car-kilometers) using four inputs(labor, electricity, car and maintenance, and track) and uses unbalanced panel data consisted of annual observations on SSC, SMESRS and BUTA. The results show that the average annual growth rate of productivity of the three properties is 6.6 percent, which is 0.5 percent less than the average annual increasing rate of their labor price. They also show that the greatest part of the growth in productivity is explained by technical change and to a lesser degree by scale change and changes in productive efficiency though each of the three components contributes more than 20 percent to the growth in productivity, These results suggest that the three properties should base the increasing rate of their wages on the growth rate of their productivity and utilize existing technologies more efficiently prior to introducing new ones to raise their productivity, and that all the three components should be considered to evaluate their productivity more correctly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.763-774
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• 2021

The COVID-19 virus has generated major shockwaves in all spheres of human life since its outbreak. Maritime transport (both cargo and passenger) is one of the industries most heavily affected, yet over 80% of the world cargo is transported by sea. This study analyzes maritime port operational efficiencies before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to determine whether the pandemic has caused major differences in the operational efficiencies of many leading Asian maritime container ports via data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results of both the CCR and BCC models reveal that overall, efficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic has been higher than before the pandemic despite a few inefficiencies. This implies that the pandemic has so far not has major consequences for the operational efficiency of maritime ports. However, two ports (Busan and Guangzhou) should adjust the scale sizes and technical capacities of their operations to improve performance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.895-906
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• 2018

The improvement project for school zone in Korea is occurring mostly in kindergartens and elementary schools in which children are mainly active, and is being promoted as part of measures to prevent children's traffic accidents. However, since the study on the essential installation facilities and proper level of safety facilities for School zone is lacking, this study relatively evaluated the efficiency of safety facility installation using DEA (Data Envelope Analysis) and suggested improvement plan. We built the facilities and incident data for 28 school zones in Hwaseong City. Six major facilities (Raised intersection, Raised crosswalk, Protective fence, Skid Proof, Speed hump, Speed cameras) that have proven to be effective in the preceding research were analyzed as input factors. As a result of the analysis, only 12 out of 28 showed efficiency and 16 out of efficiency. Effective groups of school zones were found to have fewer installed Protective fences, Skid Proof, and Speed cameras installations than school zones classified as ineffective groups. Protective fences were found to be efficient even if only 47% of the total extension of the school zone was installed, and the number of slip prevention facilities was 8.7 per square km. The number of subjects to be compared is 28, so this study is limited to use as a relative efficiency evaluation index, and it can be grouped into nationwide units and efficiency evaluation can be done for each group.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.207-219
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• 2019

The international trends in activities of government R&D performance measurement is evolving into evidence-based approach to support the verification of objective policy implementation. The European Commission has been implementing KETs (Key Enabling Technologies) policy that incubates nanotech based emerging technologies to support the fourth industrial revolution/revitalization of high-tech manufacturing, and resulting innovations are quantified by KETs Observatory project. The European Commission also built Innovation Radar system that monitors potentially innovative projects within FP7 and Horizon2020 by data analysis. The United States is also upgrading its Federal RePORTER system to quantitatively monitor federal R&D investments with outcomes (including nanotechnology). In the field of Korean nanotechnology, basic statistical data by analyzing NTIS (National Science & Technology Information Service) information is applied in policy field. Developing innovation measurement methodology beyond basic statistical analysis is an international policy issue, and a long-term R&D investment area of a government. The objective of this model study is to quantify the innovation potential of nano R&D investments conducted by Korea government, using input-output based efficiency measurement model and NTIS (National Science & Technology Information Service) that is comprehensive data portal for national R&D investments/outcomes including nanotechnology.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.237-260
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• 2021

This study aims to make suggestions for more effective budget utilization and R&D project investment through verification of the efficiency of research results for the government's R&D projects. Efficiency was analyzed using Data Envelope Analysis(DEA) and 'Malmquist Index analysis' for the research results of convergence research projects organized by the National Science and Technology Research Association. The analysis targets were convergence research projects organized by the National Science and Technology Research Association and general entrusted research projects by government-funded research institutes, and dynamic analysis was conducted using DEA and Malmquist Index analysis. As a result of the analysis, the convergence research project showed high efficiency from the static perspective of DEA. On the other hand, from a dynamic perspective through the Malmquist Index analysis method, the efficiency of the general consignment project gradually declined, while the efficiency of the convergence research project improved every year. This suggests that convergence studies have higher results than general studies. Through the results of this study, we intend to present objective standards for performance evaluation of government R&D investment and provide objective implications for rational investment policies and research project planning of research personnel and research funds to improve efficiency for government-funded research institutes.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.147-172
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• 2020

This study presents the determinants of R&D efficiency as the focus on CEO's competency, which influences R&D competency and R&D efficiency. The research samples are 6,708 technology-innovation small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The independent variable is the R&D competency(existence of R&D organization, level of R&D personnel, R&D personnel management, R&D investment), the dependent variable is R&D efficiency. The moderator is the CEO's competency(experience level in its own industry, technical knowledge level, technology management strategy, management ability). R&D efficiency measures the relationship between inputs(level of R&D personnel, R&D investment) and outputs(patent applications, prototype) by the DEA. and the determinant analysis uses Tobit regression. As a result of the analysis, the existence of R&D organization and R&D personnel management is positively significant, level of R&D personnel and R&D investment is negatively significant for R&D efficiency. The moderating effect of CEO's competency on the relationship between the R&D competency and R&D efficiency is significant determinants of CEO's experience(experience level in its own industry, technical knowledge level) and technology management strategy. The finding is to measure the efficiency of R&D performance, and to analyze its determinants as the moderating effect of CEO's competency, using the technology appraisal data. In the conclusion session, the limitations of the research and future research directions were discussed.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.77-104
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• 2019

This study examines the efficiency of using local cultural resources in local governments. The study does so by DEA(Data Envelope Analysis) using data from the year 2017 for 17 local governments in Korea. In addition, this study tries to estimate environmental efficiency of local cultural resources. For this, the 'Total Efficiency' including the output variables related to the local cultural resource environment was analyzed. After than It compared the 'Total Efficiency' with the 'Utilization Efficiency', to estimate the 'Environmental Efficiency' of local cultural resources. The followings are results which are significant statistically. Firstly, it was evaluated that five of the 17 local governments utilized the local cultural resources efficiently. Secondly, it was result that the inefficiency of the other local governments was relatively influenced by the economies of scale than PTE(Pure Technical Efficiency). Thirdly, It has been confirmed that environmental aspects such as cultural properties and cultural infrastructure have a considerable impact on the increase or decrease of efficiency in local governments. The difference in the efficiency of local governments are influenced by the population density. In order to improve the efficiency in the future, it is necessary to adjust the appropriate level of input according to the local population estimate, which is a major consumer of the local cultural resource utilization. In addition, the local festivals and village festivals held by local governments should be checked to improve in quality by eliminating inefficiencies. Also, it should be considered of environmental factors together, when analyzing the efficiency of the local cultural resource in local governments.