• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.5-15
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• 2011

In this study, centrifuge model tests were performed to investigate stress concentration ratio, stress characteristics of soft clay ground improved by granular compaction piles with changes of piles type, loading condition and area replacement ratio. From the results of rigid loading tests, while vertical stresses acting on clay ground is similar, vertical stresses acting on GCP is larger than those acting on SCP with same replacement ratio. Also, average stress concentration ratio is increased proportionally with increasing the area replacement ratio of GCP and SCP. It was evaluated that average stress concentration ratio of soft clay ground improved by GCP is larger than that of SCP. As a result of flexible loading tests, stress concentration ratio is the highest when replacement ratio of GCP and SCP is 40%. Average stress concentration ratio of soft clay ground improved by GCP is a little more higher than is improved by SCP.

• ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.142-149
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• 2018

In this study, 844 Hanwoo proven bulls in South Korea (called KPN) were classified into 8 groups based on their birth year. Microsatellite (MS) marker information for paternity identification of each individual is provided at the homepage of the National Agricultural Cooperation Federation, Korea (NACF) and is mainly for the analysis of genetic diversity and structural changes. The polymorphism analysis of KPN whole groups revealed the average number of alleles in each marker (number of alleles), the expected heterozygosity ($H_{ex}$), the observed heterozygosity ($H_{ob}$), the polymorphism information content (PIC) and the $F_{is}$ mean as 10.54, 0.764, 0.773, 0.727 and -0.014, respectively. For group D, with the birth year 2004-2005, the $H_{ex}$ and $H_{ob}$ were 0.777 and 0.792 respectively and the PIC was 0.740. The $H_{ex}$ of group C and D, with birth years 2003-2004 and 2007-2008, respectively, were greater than $H_{ob}$. In all the other groups, $H_{ob}$ was greater than $H_{ex}$. Genetic composition and structure were analyzed using STRUCTURE software. According to the analyzed results, the generation of Hanwoo groups showed changes in specific genetic components according to the flow. It was confirmed that the continuous improvement in the Hanwoo affects the genetic structure of the proven bulls group. The results of this study are expected to be used for enhancing the efficiency of Hanwoo improvement project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.158-158
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• 2012

급속 열처리 온도의 변화가 라디오파 마그네트론 스퍼터링 방법으로 석영 기판 위에 증착된 $CaMoO_4:Tb$ 형광체 박막의 특성에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 형광체 박막의 결정 구조와 발광 특성은 각각 X-선 회절법과 광여기 발광 장치로 측정하였다. $500^{\circ}C$에서 열처리한 박막은 파장 영역 400-1100 nm에서 69%의 평균 투과율을 나타내었고, 열처리 온도가 증가함에 따라 박막의 평균 투과율은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2023

Maritime object detection systems, which detects small maritime obstacles such as fish farm buoys and visualizes distance and direction, is equipped with a 3-axis gimbal to compensate for errors caused by hull motion, but there is a limit to distance error corrections necessitated by the vertical movement of the camera and the maritime object due to wave motions. Therefore, in this study, the distance error of maritime object detection systems caused by the movement of the water surface according to the external environment is analyzed and corrected using average filter and moving average filter. Random numbers following a Gaussian standard normal distribution were added to or subtracted from the image coordinates to reproduce the rise or fall of the buoy under irregular waves. The distance calculated according to the change of image coordinates, the predicted distance through the average filter and the moving average filter, and the actual distance measured by laser distance meter were compared. In phases 1 and 2, the error rate increased to a maximum of 98.5% due to the changes of image coordinates due to irregular waves, but the error rate decreased to 16.3% with the moving average filter. This error correction capability was better than with the average filter, but there was a limit due to failure to respond to the distance change. Therefore, it is considered that use of the moving average filter to correct the distance error of the maritime object detection system will enhance responses to the real-time distance change and greatly improve the error rate.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.12 no.5 s.67
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• pp.83-92
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• 1973

1972년 1월부터 1972년 12월말까지 충남대학교 의과대학 부속병원에서 위 수술을 받은 환자 66명을 대상으로 여러 가지 통계 결과 1. 성별 분포에선 남자가 51명 여자가 15명으로 약 3.4:1의 비율을 나타냈다. 2. 연령별 분포에선 $69.7\%$가 40세 이상에서 나타났다. 3. Chief complain은 Indigestion이었다. 4. 증상의 평균 연한은 1년 전후의 Chronic symptom을 경험했다. 5. Vital sign의 변화는 대부분이 별로 나타나지 않았다. 6. 수술 전 수혈은 1000cc 이내로 환자의 $78\%$에 필요했었다. 7. 수술 전의 Hb은 정상보다 낮은 율은 $45.4\%$였고 정상은 $54.6\%$였다. 8. 수술 전의 W.B.C는 정상보다 낮은 율은 $10.6\%$, 정상이 $42.4\%$, 정상보다 높은 율이 $47\%$였다. 9. 수술 전의 Ht치는 정상보다 낮은 율은 $60.6\%$, 정상은 $36.4\%$ 정상보다 높은 율은 $3\%$였다. 10. 수술 전 위액검사 결과는 Cancer인 경우는 Free acid와 Total acid가 모두 거의 정상보다 낮았고 Ulcer인 경우 대부분 높았다. 11. Liver function test에서는 표에서 나타난 대로 많은 변화는 없었다. 12. 병소 부위는 Cancer의 경우 $51.8\%$에서 Pylorus부위에 왔었고 Ulcer의 경우 $62.4\%$에서 Lesser curvature (ciratricial region포함)에 왔었다. 13. 수술방법은 $77.7\%$가 Subtotal gastrectomy였었다. 14. 위 수술을 위한 입원 일자는 $60\%$ 이상에서 $11\~15$일간의 평균을 보였었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6066-6075
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to analyze the productivity changes in government-funded research institutes for Economics & Humanities and Social Sciences. From Malmquist total factor productivity index analysis, the average productivity decreased 6.5% between 2006 and 2010. Further analysis showed that technical efficiency increased 4.7% annually while the technology change rate decreased 10.8% on average. Under pressure for innovation from the outside, research institutes responded to managerial efficiency improvement, which lead to increases in technical efficiency. On the other hand, for productivity improvement of government funded research institutes, they must pursue technological advances by securing an outstanding research workforce, expanding the R&D budget, and changing the R&D method. Each institute must perceive the cause of an individual institute's productivity change, and establish strategies for increasing productivity.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.969-970
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• 2011

본 논문은 표면부착형 영구자석 동기전동기(Surfacemounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)의 영구자석 offset의 변화와 노치(notch)의 적용에 따른 코깅토크 저감 특성을 분석하고, 중심합성계획법(Central Composite Design)을 이용한 최적 모델 설계에 대한 연구이다. 영구자석 offset만 적용한 모델의 경우 코깅토크의 피크-피크값은 95%로 크게 저감되었지만 정격전류 인가시 평균토크의 감소율이 12.3%로 출력 손실이 크기 때문에 최적 설계를 통해 추가적으로 노치를 적용하고 영구자석 Offset을 조절함으로써 코깅토크 저감율을 96.5%로 개선시킬 수 있었고, 평균토크의 감소율은 7.7%로 영구자석 offset만 적용한 모델보다 평균토크의 감소량이 작아진 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.385-393
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 한라산의 고도별, 사면별, 계절별 기온(일평균, 일최고, 일최저) 분포와 고산식물의 수직적 분포역을 기초로 고산식물별 온도적 범위를 분석한 후 제주도의 온난화에 따른 한라산 고산식물의 미래를 논의하였다. 아울러 고산지에서의 고도별 기온 분포와 수직적 기온 체감이 환산되어 산악지역에서의 기온 분포를 이해하는데 중요한 자료가 확보되었다. 한라산에서의 100m당 기온체감율은 일평균기온이 -0.58$^{\circ}C$, 일최고기온이 -0.53$^{\circ}C$ 범위내에서 분포가 주로 결정되어, 상대적으로 낮은 최고기온 체감율이 고산식물의 생존에 유리하게 작용한 것으로 보인다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 온난화에 따른 생태계 변화의 모니터링과 경관 보전 측면에서 유용한 생태적 정보를 축적하여, 한라산에 분포하는 희귀하거나, 멸종위기 상태에 있는 고산식물들의 보전과 관련된 지식이 수립될 수 있다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.565-571
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• 2023

With the introduction of the post-verification system, the measurement of floor impact noise performance on-site has become mandatory, and the evaluation method has changed. To track the performance changes since the policy implementation, research is needed on how the characteristics of heavyweight impact sound change according to the varied evaluation method. In this study, we analyzed the contribution rate of the frequency band-specific sound pressure level on the single-number quantity for a multi-family housing unit with the same floor plan and floor structure, comprising 59 households, based on the changed impact sources and evaluation indicators. It is difficult to compare simply because the method of calculating contributions by frequency band according to the single-day evaluation is different, but the average contribution rate of 63 Hz was 80.8 % in the evaluation method before the introduction of the post-confirmation system (Tire measurement and evaluated as L'_i,Fmax,AW), and the average contribution rate of 125 Hz was 19.2 %. The current evaluation method (rubber ball measurement and evaluation as L'_iA,Fmax) shows that the contribution rate has decreased to 33.1 % on average at 50 Hz ~ 80 Hz, 58.7 % on average at 100 Hz ~ 160 Hz, 6.9 % on average at 200 Hz ~ 315 Hz, and 1.3 % on average at 400 Hz ~ 630 Hz. This result is a case analysis for the target apartment house, and it is necessary to analyze measurement data for more diverse apartment houses.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.19-36
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate the change of humidity by city size in South Korea. Using daily mean relative humidity and water vapor pressure during the period of 1954~2011 for 14 weather stations in South Korea, the change of humidity by city size was analyzed. The change of relative humidity had a continuous decreasing trend for the period of 1954~2011. The decreasing trend in large city was bigger than these of rural one. The seasonal relative humidity was significantly changed in spring and winter. The change of water vapor pressure was rarely changed significance of the results by city size. It was not shown the result to constant trend by city size. There was a negative correlation between relative humidity and mean temperature. And change of relative humidity was correlated with city size. Moreover, there was not correlation between relative humidity and water vapor pressure by city size. The decreasing trend of relative humidity was similar to increasing trend of temperature by urbanization. However, there was not shown significant result of water vapor pressure.