• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 1997

Concrete plasticity models fol the analysis of reinforced concrete members in plane stress are studied. The proposed plasticity model for reinforced concrete provides a unified approach combining plasticity theory and damage models. It addresses strength mhancement under rnultiaxial compression. and tensile cracking damage. The model uses multiple failure criteria for compressive crushing and tensile cracking. For tensile cracking behavior. rotating-crack and fixed-crack plasticity models are compared. As crushing failure criterion, the Drucker-Prager and the von Mises models are used for comparison. The model uses now and existing damnge models fbr tension softening, tension stiffening. and compression softening dup to tensilt. cracking. Finite element analyses using the unified method are compatxd with existing rxpcrimcntal r.esults. To vei.ify the proposcd crushing and cracking plasticity models, the experiments have load capacities govc11.nc.d either by compressive crushing of'concrete or by yi~lding of' reinforcing steel.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.64-73
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• 1996

고인성 종이의 탄성-소성 파괴를 파괴역학을 이용하여 분석하였다. 탄성-소성 물질의 파괴에 있어서 균열이 언제 진행되기 시작하는지 이론적 판단 기준을 유도하고, mode I 파괴를 linear image strain analysis(LISA)로 관찰한 후, 파괴역학 변수들을 계산하였다. 크랙(crack)이 있는 물질에 외부하중이 작용할 때 변형율 에너지 발산 속도(strain energy release rate)가 그 물질이 견딜 수 있는 파괴저항(fracture resistance)에 도달하면 안정적인 파괴가 진행된다. 이를 이용하여 크랙의 초기 진행시 결점주위의 응력, 파괴저항, 크랙 진행거리, 기하인자(geometry factor) 등을 구하였다. 이 변수들은 종이의 파괴역학적 특성을 정량적으로 나타내므로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 1991

Failure criteria for asphalt concrete pavements are developed combining the AASHTO design equation and the multi-layered elastic theory. Thickness range including typical layer thicknesses of four-layer Korea highway structures are employed for pavement structure models. Total of 2430 pavement models with different layer thicknesses and moduli are analyzed. Models with crushed stone and asphalt stabilized base courses are equally included in the analysis. Number of load repetition and the maximum tensile strain at the bottom of asphalt layer are computed from the AASHTO design equation with terminal PSI=2.5 and multi-layered elastic computer program, SINELA, respectively. Failure criteria are developed through the regression analysis. From the analysis, failure criteria for the asphalt concrete pavements with 50% and 95% reliability levels are developed. It is found that the failure criterion of 95% reliability level gives similar results with existing fatigue failure criteria whose terminal performance condition is crack development when compared in a graphical form an equation to estimate failure criterion for a specific reliability level is also proposed.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.587-588
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 강사장교의 극한강도 및 파괴모드를 간략하게 예측할 수 있는 간단하고 빠른 해석법을 제안하였다. 기존의 비탄성 고유치해석의 기본 개념을 바탕으로 기둥 요소에 대한 수렴 기준을 보였고, 사장교 구조 시스템의 거더 및 주탑 요소에서 보-기둥 거동을 고려하기 위한 새로운 수렴 기준을 제시하였다. 제시된 방법의 타당성 검증을 위하여 중앙경간 길이와 거더의 높이를 변화시킨 강사장교 모델에 대하여 제안된 비탄성 고유치 해석과 비선형 탄소성 해석 결과를 비교하였다. 해석 결과, 제안된 수렴 기준을 적용한 비탄성 고유치 해석은 기존에 기둥의 수렴기준을 적용했던 방법에 비하여 강사장교의 극한강도를 보다 정확히 예측할 수 있었다. 또한, 제안된 방법은 강사장교의 파괴모드 역시 근사하게 모사 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 1997

암석의 파괴인성계수(fracture toughness)는 균열의 성장에 대한 암석의 저항을 나타낸다. 실험실에서 측정한 파괴인성계수는 일반적인 암석의 불균질성이나 이방성 외에도 시험편의 형상이나 하중조건에 의하여 크게 영향을 받는다. 따라서, 제한된 수의 시험편을 사용하여 측정된 파괴인성계수는 자료의 분산이 심하므로 실제 적용에 있어서 문제가 된다. 균열감응도란 파괴인성계수의 측정에 사용되는 시험편의 형상에 따라 결정되는 지수로서, 시험편의 파괴가 균열의 성장에 의한 것인지, 혹은 인장강도에 의한 것인지를 판별하는 기준이 된다. 이러한 균열감응도를 파악하여 암석의 파괴인성계수 측정에 유효한 시험편의 크기나 초기균열 길이의 범위를 설정할 수 있다. 이는 또한 실험실에서 측정된 차괴인성계수의 유효성 여부를 판별하는 기준으로 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 암석의 파괴인성계수의 측정에 흔히 사용되는 몇 가지 형태의 시험편들에 대하여 균열감응도를 계산하고 이에 따른 초기균열 길이의 범위를 제시하고자 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1181-1185
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• 1990

A failure evaluation diagram to evaluate fatigue fracture was developed. The relation between the fatigue limit and the threshold stress intensity factor for the short-cracked specimens of various materials including a piping carbon steel can be rationally predicted by the proposed method. It is shown that the coupled failure evaluation diagram for fatigue and ductile fracture is expecially useful for evaluation of the flaw tolerance as well as the margin of the safety of the pressure vessel and piping. Further, accumulation of fatigue data will be needed to construct an accurate fatigue failure evaluation diagram.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.172-183
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• 2019

The generalized Hoek-Brown (GHB) failure criterion developed by Hoek et al. (2002) is a nonlinear function which defines a stress condition at failure of rock mass. The relevant strength parameter values are systematically determined using the GSI value. Since GSI index is a value quantifying the condition of in-situ rock mass, the GHB criterion is a practical failure condition which can take into the consideration of in-situ rock mass quality. Considering that most rock mechanics engineers are familiar with the linear Mohr-Coulomb criterion and that many rock engineering softwares incorporate Mohr-Coulomb criterion, the equations for the equivalent friction angle and cohesion were also proposed along with the release of the GHB criterion. The proposed equations, however, fix the lower limit of the minor principal stress range, where the linear best-fitting is performed, with the tensile strength of the rock mass. Therefore, if the tensile stress is not expected in the domain of analysis, the calculated equivalent friction angle and cohesion based on the equations in Hoek et al. (2002) could be less accurate. In order to overcome this disadvantage of the existing equations for equivalent friction angle and cohesion, this study proposes the analytical formula which can calculate optimal equivalent friction angle and cohesion in any minor principal stress interval, and verified the accuracy of the derived formula.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.15-29
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• 2020

In this paper the Hoek-Brown (HB) failure criterion is integrated into the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC) concrete material model to reflect the inherent characteristics of field rock masses in LS-DYNA blast modeling. This is intended to emphasize the distinctive characteristics of field rock masses that usually have many geological discontinuities. The replacement is made only for the static strength part of the HJC material model by using a statistical curve fitting technique, and its procedure is described in detail. An example is also given to illustrate the use of the obtained HJC material model. Computation is performed for a plane strain model of a single-hole blasting on a field limestone by using the combination of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) technique and the multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (MMALE) method in LS-DYNA.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2017

A tensile failure criterion that can minimize the mesh-dependency of simulation results on the basis of the fracture energy concept is introduced, and conventional plasticity based damage models for concrete such as CSC model and HJC model, which are generally used for the blast analyses of concrete structures, are compared with orthotropic model in blast test to verify the proposed criterion. The numerical prediction of the time-displacement relations in mid span of the beam during blast loading are compared with experimental results. Analytical results show that the numerical error is substantially reduced and the accuracy of numerical results is improved by applying a unique failure strain value determined according to the proposed criterion.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.597-610
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• 2022

Knowledge of the failure behavior of friction materials considering their intermediate principal stress is related to an understanding of situations where these materials might be used: for example, the stability of deep-seated boreholes and fault slip analysis. This study designed equipment for physically implementing true triaxial compression and used it to assess specimens of plaster, a friction material. The material's mechanical behaviors are discussed based on the results. The applicability of the 3D failure criteria are also reviewed. The tested specimens were molded cuboids of width, length, and height 52, 52, and 104 mm, respectively. A total of 24 true triaxial compression tests were performed under various combinations of 𝜎₃ and 𝜎₂ conditions. Conventional uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were employed to estimate the mechanical properties of the plaster for use as parameters for 3D failure criteria. Examining the stress-strain relations of the plaster materials showed that a large difference between the intermediate principal stress and the minimum principal stress indicated strong brittle behavior. The mechanical behavior of the plaster used here reflects the change of intermediate principal stress. Nonlinear multiple regression analysis on the test data in the principal space showed that the modified Wiebols-Cook failure criterion and the modified Lade failure criterion were the most suitable 3D failure criteria for the tested plaster.