• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.455-462
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• 2023

During pregnancy, maternal immune activation (MIA) from infection increases the risk of neurodevelopmental diseases, including schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. MIA induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in animal experiments has led to offspring with abnormal behaviors and brain development. In addition, it has recently been reported that microglia, which reside in the brain and function as immune cells, play an important role in behavioral abnormalities and brain development in MIA-induced offspring. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether microglia-specific inhibition of GPR56, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, causes behavioral abnormalities in brain development. First, MIA induction did not affect the microglia population, but when examining the expression of microglial GRP56 in MIA-induced fetuses, GPR56 expression was inhibited between embryonic days 14.5 (E14.5) and E18.5 regardless of sex. Furthermore, microglial GPR56-suppressed mice showed abnormal behaviors in the MIA-induced offspring, including sociability deficits, repetitive behavioral patterns, and increased anxiety levels. Although abnormal cortical development such as that in the MIA-induced offspring were not observed in the microglial GPR56-suppressed mice, their brain activity was observed through c-fos staining. These results suggest that microglia-specific GPR56 deficiency may cause abnormal behaviors and could be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and/or as a therapeutic target of behavioral deficits in MIA offspring.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.52-54
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• 2006

유비쿼터스와 유무선 기술의 발전으로 최근들어 각 개인과 그를 둘러싼 환경으로부터 지속적으로 많은 데이터를 수집할 수 있게 되었다. 상황인지 기법들을 활용하면, 수집된 데이터께서 각 개인의 경험을 요약할 수 있는데, 요약된 경험 정보는 해당 개인의 기억 회상에 도움을 줄 뿐 아니라, 다른 사람들과의 상호작용을 증대시키는 데도 유용하게 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 모바일 상에서 수집된 특이성 정보를 바탕으로 사용자의 프로필을 고려하여 개인의 일과를 만화의 형태로 표현하는 방법을 제안한다 특이성 정보는 휴대폰 로그로부터 상황인식 기법을 통해 추론된 것으로 사용자의 행동 및 감정 정보를 나타낸다. 추론된 사용자의 행동 및 감정 정보들과 미리 입력된 사용자 프로필을 바탕으로 본 논문에서는 배경과 캐릭 터 만화 이미지들을 의미적 유사도를 사용하여 합성한다. 또한, 생성된 만화 이미지들에서 동적으로 스토리 스트림을 구성하여 만화 내용의 일관성을 유지한다. 제안하는 만화 생성 방법을 평가하기 위하여 특이성 시나리오를 바탕으로 만화를 합성하여 생성된 만화의 다양성과 일관성을 평가하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.21-22
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• 2000

생물의 특성 중 하나는 외부나 내부의 자극에 대하여 반응한다는 것이다. 이러한 환경의 변화를 감각기관에서 수용하여 그 환경의 변화에 적절하게 대응하는데 이러한 반응은 작게는 운동, 크게는 행동이라는 형태로 나타난다. 동물에 있어서 이와 같이 자극에 대하여 특이한 반응행동을 일으키는 성질들을 주성(Taxis)이라 한다. 주성에는 자극에 따라 주광성, 주촉성, 주류성, 주온성 등이 있으나 어업에 있어서 가장 광범위하게 이용하고 있는 것이 어류의 주광성이라 할 수 있다. (중략)

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.235-244
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• 2003

Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been known as psychiatric disorder in childhood associated with dopamine dysregulation. In present study, we investigated changes in dopamine transporter (DAT) density of the basal ganglias using I-123 N-(3-iodopropen-2-yl) -2-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-chlorophenyl) tropane [I-123 IPT] SPECT in children with ADHD before and after methylphenidate treatment. Materials and Method: Nine drug-naive children with ADHD and seven normal children were included in the study. We peformed brain SPECT two hours after the intravenous administration of I-123 IPT and made both quantitative and qualitative analyses using the obtained SPECT data, which were reconstructed for the assessment of soecific/nonspecific DAT binding ratios in the basal ganglia. All children with ADHD reperformed [123I]IPT SPECT after treatment with methylphenidate(0.7mg/kg/d) during about 8 weeks. SPECT data reconstructed for the assessment of specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio of the basal ganglia were compared between before and after treatment methylphenidate. We investigated correlation between the change of ADHD symptom severity assessed with ADHD rating scale-IV and specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio of basal ganglia. Results: Children with ADHD had a significantly greater specificinonspecific DAT binding ratio of the basal ganglia comparing to normal children(Right : z = 2.057, p = 0.041 : Left : z : 2.096, p = 0.032). Under treatment with methylphenidate in all children with ADHD, specificinonspecific DAT binding ratio of both basal ganglia decreased significantly greater than before treatment with methylphenidate (Right : t = 3.239, p = 0.018 ; Left : t = 3.133, p = 0.020). However, no significant correlation between the change of ADHD symptom severity scores and specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio of the basal ganglia were found. Conclusions: These findings support the complex dysregulation of the dopaminergic neurotransmitter system in children with ADHD.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 2009

There are debates about whether peripherally induced movement disorders exist. We report a case of upper limb tremor induced by peripheral nerve injury. A 20-year-old male patient presented with pain and tremor of the left upper extremity, 2 days after a car accident. Magnetic resonance images of the brain and cervical spine were normal. His past medical history was unremarkable and there were no family members with symptoms of movement disorders. He suffered from an aggravating tremor for about 10 minutes, four to six times a day. We treated the patient with medication, epidural infusion, cervical nerve root block and trigger point injection of the trapezius muscle. The pain subsided 50% and the incidence of tremor attacks was reduced to once or twice a day. The role of peripheral trauma in the genesis of movement disorders has not been generally accepted. It is unclear whether peripheral trauma can induce dystonia and other movement disorders. It has been proposed that peripheral trauma can alter sensory input and induce cortical and subcortical reorganization that generates a movement disorder. Some studies provide evidence for central reorganization following peripheral injury.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.465-475
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• 2007

With the spread of Internet, web users express their daily life by articles, pictures and cartons to recollect personal memory or to share their experience. For the easier recollection and sharing process, this paper proposes diverse cartoon generation methods using the landmark lists which represent the behavior and emotional status of the user. From the priority and causality of each landmark, critical landmark is selected for composing the cartoon scenario, which is revised by story ontology. Using similarity between cartoon images and each landmark in the revised scenario, suitable cartoon cut for each landmark is composed. To make cartoon story more diverse, weather, nightscape, supporting character, exaggeration and animation effects are additionally applied. Through example scenarios and usability tests, the diversity of the generated cartoon is verified.

• School Mathematics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.223-240
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which the middle school mathematics curriculum matched the item difficulty levels of representative mathematics items. The items used in this study were developed for the National Assessment of Educational Achievement. Ranks for difficulty values of the 60 multiple-choice item were calculated via both Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory and correlated with the rank order of the mathematics content and cognitive domains sequence. There are six content domains; number and operation, algebra, measurement, figure, pattern and function, and probability and statistics. The cognitive domains include computation, understanding, reasoning and problem-solving. Results suggest a congruence between cognitive domain's sequence and item difficulty levels of items based on that sequence. This finding indicates that the linear or hierarchical assumptions concerning the sequence appears to be reasonable. The characteristics of items that were exceptions to this trend were addressed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1065-1071
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• 2023

In this paper discuss with research developing an LSTM model for classifying the behavior of occupants within a residence. The multi-sensor consists of an IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) sensor that measures indoor air quality, a UWB radar that tracks occupancy detection and location, and a Piezo sensor to measure occupants' biometric information, and collects occupant behavior data such as going out, staying, cooking, cleaning, exercise, and sleep by constructed an experimental environment similar to the actual residential environment. After the data with removed outliers and missing, the LSTM model is used to calculate accuracy, sensitivity, specificity of the occupant behavior classification model, T1 score.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.607-613
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• 2018

The aim of this study is to predict the exact time of parturition from analysis and classification of preliminary behavior based on parturition signals in sows. This study was conducted with 12 crossbred sows (with an average of 3.5 parities). Behavioral characteristics were analyzed for duration and the frequency of different behaviors on a checklist, which includes the duration of the basic behaviors (feeding, standing, lying down, and sitting). The frequency of specific behaviors (investigatory behavior, shame-chewing, scratching, and bar-biting) was also recorded. Image information was collected every two minutes for 24 hours before the first piglets were born. As a result, the basic behavior of a sows' standing time (22.6% of the time after 24 h, 24.9% after 12 h) and time lying down (55.9% after 24 h, 66.3% after 12 h) increased over the 12 h period before parturition, compared with the 24 h period before parturition (p<0.01). Feeding (13.42% after 24 h, 4.38% after 12 h) and sitting (8.2% after 24 h, 4.5% after 12 h) tended to decrease during the 12 h before parturition (p>0.05). The sows' investigatory behavior ($11.44{\pm}1.80$ after 24 h, $55.97{\pm}6.13$ after 12 h), scratching ($3.75{\pm}1.92$ after 24 h, $20.99{\pm}5.81$ after 12 h), and bar-biting ($0.69{\pm}0.15$ after 24 h, $3.71{\pm}1.53$ after 12 h) increased in the 12-hour period before parturition, compared with the 24-hour period before parturition (p<0.01). On the other hand, shame-chewing ($2.20{\pm}1.67$ after 24 h, $0.07{\pm}0.01$ after 12 h) decreased compared to the 12-hour period before parturition (p>0.05). Thus, standing, investigatory behavior, scratching, and bar-biting could be used as behaviors indicative of parturition in sows.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.213-216
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• 2001

본 연구에 의해 Arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase (ACS4)에 관하여 이하의 것을 증명하였다. 1. Moues ACS4 cDNA와 단백질을 분석한 결과 뇌에 특이적으로 발현하는 새로운 78 kDa의 ACS4 분자종을 발견하였다. 2. Steroid 생산세포에서 ACS4는 cAMP와 AA에 의해 유도되는 것을 증명하였다. 3. ACS4의 결손은 웅성 반성접합체에서 외견, 성장, 행동, 생식에 영향을 주지 않지만, 자성 이형접합체에서는 자궁내막의 비후와 낭포 (cyst)를 발생시켜 자궁기능을 저하시키는 것을 입증하였다. 4. ACS4는 자궁내막의 발생과 황체의 퇴화과정에서 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 사료된다.