• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.275-284
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• 2000

This study was carried out to analyze the mechanical properties of soil and the slope stability on the fill slope of forest road constructed in the regions which consist of igneous and metamorphic rock area. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Soil type by Unified Soil Classification System(USCS) was classified as SW in soil slope, GP in weathered rock slope, GP in soft rock slope for both types of parent rock, but gravelly soil slopes in igneous and metamorphic rock area were classified as SP and GW, respectively. 2) Dry unit weight was $1.34g/cm^2{\sim}1.59g/cm^2$, specific gravity 0.57~0.61, and void ratio 0.66~0.93 in the case of igneous rock area, a dry unit weight was $1.35g/cm^2{\sim}1.51g/cm^2$, specific gravity 2.67~2.77, and void ratio 0.78~1.01 in the case of metamorphic rock area. 3) The strength parameters such as internal friction angle(${\phi}$) and cohesion(c) were selected and tested for slope stability analysis. ${\phi}$ and c of soil in igneous rock area were within the range of $29.51^{\circ}{\sim}41.82^{\circ}$ and $0.03kg/cm^2{\sim}0.38kg/cm^2$, respectively, and $21.43^{\circ}{\sim}41.43^{\circ}$ and $0.05kg/cm^2{\sim}0.44kg/cm^2$ in metamorphic rock area, respectively. 4) Result of the slope stability analysis of forest road showed that, in the weathered rock slope of igneous rock and the weathered rock and soil slope of metamorphic rock area, the possibility of slope failure was high as safety factor was below 1.0.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.109-115
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to estimate the sediment volume concentration of the liquified-solid mixture which is included fine sediment fractions, according to the variance of the channel slope and the water supply. The numerical model was performed by using the Finite Differential Element Method (FDM) based on the equation for the mass conservation, momentum conservation and the equation of coarse sediment an fine sediment. In comparison of varying the channel slope, the deeper the channel slope, the inflection point of the sediment concentration was occurred rapidly. In comparison of variance of the water supply, as the water supply increases fluctuation with high sediment concentration. In this situation, debris flow changes to the turbulent flow and the sediment becomes to be floated. In comparison varying the length paved saturated sediment, the longer the length, the high concentration of sediment occurred, for the safety of the slope it is needed to check the possibility of the erosion in the slope by debris flow. The results of this study will provide useful information in predicting of the disaster by the liquified-solid mixture and in prevention of the debris flow with various the slope in the mountain side.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 2010

This study analyzed the characteristics of sediment produce by landslide triggered by rainfall. One-dimensional unsaturated groundwater model and infinite slope stability analysis were used to estimate the behavior of soil moisture and slope stability according to rainfall, respectively. Slope stability analysis was performed considering on soil depth and characteristics of trees. As the results considering on recovery of the failed slopes, much amount of sediment was produced in 1963, 1970, and 2002. As the results of verification of simulation results using Landsat 5 TM images, we can find differences of landslide location between the results from model and satellite images. These differences can be caused by uncertainties of the rough parameters in the model. However, in the case that Obong-dam basin was divided into two subbasin, Wangsan-chun and Doma-chun basin, the results of each subbasin show errors around 20%. And only 4% of error occurred in the case of comparing landslide area on the entire Obong-dam basin. These errors seem insignificant considering on the errors which can be caused from the analyses in this study such as estimation of sediment produce, soil cover classification, and estimation of landslide area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.110-121
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• 2021

The importance of tidal flats lost due to industrialization has recently received attention, and attention is being paid to the creation of artificial tidal flats and maintenance of natural tidal flats. However, there is still a lack of understanding about the behavioral characteristics of mud, mud, and sand that form tidal flats. Although research on the movement characteristics of mixed soils such as tidal flats has been conducted through field investigations and hydraulic experiments, interest in developing a numerical model based on these results has not yet reached. In this paper, the purpose of this paper is to establish a mixed soil model that can efficiently manage the low quality of the tidal flats. In constructing a model for reproducing the surface movement of mixed soil, the numerical stability of the reproduction and movement of sand and mud constituting the mixed soil in the numerical model should be considered first, so first, the volume of sand and mud constituting the mixed soil A mixed soil model representing the relationship was proposed based on a topographical diagram representing the geometric structure of the mixed soil. In order to consider the dry bulk density of the mixed soil, it was possible to consider the dry bulk density of the mud by introducing the water content of the mud containing water. In addition, it was confirmed that the mud and sand movement calculation according to the slope collapse of the mixed soil was stably performed through the calculation of the slope collapse of the mixed soil through the numerical analysis model to which the proposed mixed soil model was applied.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2008

Typhoon Ewiniar and Bilis followed by heavy rainfall in July 2006 triggered massive slope failures and debris flows along the Osaek valley within Seoraksan National Park. Since national road 44 is constructed along the fault-line, the susceptibility of hazard in the area is very high. Debris flows in Osaekcheon are mobilized from landslides near the ridgelines and peaks when heavy rainfall elevates pore pressure and adds weight to the hillslopes, causing failure. Stream flows falling onto the existing colluvium or channel-margin deposits also trigger debris flows. Steep slopes constructed along the road and thin regolith in the slope is the main reason for the landslide in the upper stream. In middle reaches of stream, under-fit drainage utilities and narrow bridges cause the overflow, this then triggers debris flow. Overflowing and erosion in the channel margin deposits is main reasons for the debris flow. The intensities and frequencies of heavy rainfall are certain to increase, so early warning and management system for the landslide-related hazard is urgently needed.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.269-272
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• 2003

하천에 토사가 유입되는 가장 중요한 요인은 주변 지역의 사면에서의 토양의 침식작용이며 이러한 현상은 다양한 요인들에 의해 영향 (사면경사, 사면식생, 토양 입도, 사면거칠기 등)을 받지만 주로 물, 특히 강우에 의해 크게 좌우된다. 그러므로 정확한 강의 양과 강우 강도, 이에 따른 토양의 침식량을 정량화하는 것이 중요하다. 이번 연구에서는 이러한 다양한 조건에 따라 토양의 침식이 어떠한 특성을 갖고 발생하는지를 파악하고자 하였다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.608-612
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• 2006

산지사면에서의 토양침식량은 실제 유역을 빠져나가는 토사유출량과 같지 않다. 이는 토사가 이동하는 과정에서 지형적인 요인 등에 의해 퇴적되거나, 가중되는 유수에 의해 더 많은 토양이 침식될 수 있기 때문이다. 토사유출률(SDR)은 유역의 크기뿐만 아니라 지형, 기후, 토양, 식생피복, 토지이용도 등에 관계된다. 본 연구에서는 기후 특성인 강우크기에 따른 토사유출률의 변화를 분석하고자 하였다. 산불 이후 5년 동안 산지 소유역의 시험유역을 운영하여 유출 및 토사유출량을 실측하여 자료를 구축하였고, 이 유역에 산지지역의 토양침식 모형인 SEMMA을 적용하여 토양침식량을 산정하고 유역출구로 이송한 실제 토사유출량과 비교하였다. 5년 동안 SDR은 전반적으로 감소하고, 강우량, 강우강도, 강우에너지와 같은 강우사상의 크기에 따라 증가한다. SDR은 2001년에서 2002년까지 대부분 1.0 이상이고, 2005년에는 1.0을 초과하지 않으며, 강우특성 뿐만 아니라 식생피복, 산불시간경과 등의 인자에 의존한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.15-15
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• 2002

사면은 인공적 또는 자연적인 현상에 의하여 발생된 경사진 지반을 말하며, 그 안정성은 작용외력과 지반상태 및 지하수 등에 의하여 영향을 받는다. 사면의 파괴는 여러 가지 형태로 일어날 수 있으나 대체로 강성 활동 파괴체가 소성화된 국부적인 지반을 따라서 발생되고, 사면의 파괴형상은 경계조건과 지반상태가 단순할 경우에만 쉽게 예측할 수 있으며, 복잡한 지반상태에서는 많은 노력과 비용을 들여서 정밀하게 조사해야만 어느 정도 실제와 근사하게 예측할 수 있다. 자연 또는 인공사면에서 지질 및 지반상태, 지하수 상태, 사면의 형상, 사면의 규모, 외력의 작용상태 등의 조건을 분석하여 사면파괴를 일으킬 수 있는 원인들을 찾아내어 적합한 안정화대책을 마련하는 방안을 모색한다. 특히 사면을 성토사면, 절토사면, 암절사면, 대절토사면으로 구분하여 사면파괴 원인과 안정화대책에 대해서 심도 있게 검토한다. 사면의 설계 및 안정검토를 위하여 일반적으로 적용하고 있는 사면안정 검토 방법들에 대해서 이론전개 과정에서 발생되는 문제점들과 이들이 결과에 미치는 영향에 대해서 언급한다. 그리고 사면을 안정시키기 위하여 일상적으로 적용하는 대책공법들의 적용성을 사면파괴 원인과 연계해서 판정하는 방안을 검토한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.139-139
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• 2023

산사태는 사면에서 발생하는 대표적인 토사재해이다. 그리고 산사태가 발생하여 사면이 붕괴하였을 때 동반되어 나타나는 토석류는 지형 변화의 중요한 원인으로 간주한다. 산사태와 토석류가 도시나 농촌 등 인구가 밀집된 지역에서 발생할 경우 직접적인 인명 피해와 재산 피해를 발생시키며, 댐이나 저수지가 위치한 유역에서 발생할 경우 댐/저수지에 토사가 유입되어 유효저수량을 감소시킴으로써 시설물의 기능을 저하할 수 있다. 댐/저수지의 지속적인 운영과 관리하고 이러한 피해를 최소화하기 위해서는 수치 모형을 활용하여 현상을 이해하고, 분석하는 것이 필수적이다. 하지만 한국은 국토 70%의 산지에 약 18,000개의 댐과 저수지가 설치되어 있으나, 댐과 저수지 유역에서 발생하는 산사태와 토석류에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 댐이나 저수지 유역에서 발생하는 산사태-토석류로 인해 해당 시설물에 발생하는 피해를 집중적으로 분석하고자 수치모형을 활용하였다. 또한 산지에서 발생하는 토사재해의 특성을 반영하고자 식생을 고려하기 위한 분포 시나리오를 구축하여 사면 안정성 및 토석류 유동에 있어서 식생의 영향을 파악하였습니다.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.45-58
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• 2019

In this study, a stochastic analysis procedure based on numerical analysis was proposed to evaluate a kind of intensity-duration rainfall threshold for the initiation of slope failure due to rainfall infiltration. Fragility curves were generated as a function of rainfall intensity-duration from the results of probabilistic slope stability analysis by MCS considering the uncertainty of the soil shear strength, reflecting the results of infiltration analysis of rainfall over time. In the probabilistic analysis, slope stability analyses combined with the infiltration analysis of rainfall were performed to calculate the limit state function. Using the derived fragility curves, a chart showing the relationship between rainfall intensity and slope failure-time was developed. It is based on a probabilistic analysis considering the uncertainty of the soil properties. The proposed probabilistic failure distribution analysis could be beneficial for analyzing the time-dependent failure process of soil slopes due to rainfall infiltration, and for predicting when the slope failure should occur.