• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2012.06a
• /
• pp.591-593
• /
• 2012

매년 우리나라 태풍 내습 시에는 진해만으로 피항 선박이 폭주하여 피항선박들의 피항지에서의 해양사고 사고 발생 가능성이 매우 높은 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 진해만의 태풍 피항지로서의 특성과 피항선박들의 실태에 대해서 조사 분석하였다. 또한 피항지에서 체류하는 동안 발생한 해양사고 유형을 분석하여 유사사고를 예방하기 위한 대책을 검토하였다. 특히 VTS의 관제를 통한 해양사고경감 방안을 제시함과 동시에 피항선박들 및 선사 및 관련 기관들의 적극적인 협력이 절대적으로 요청되고 있음을 밝혔다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• v.2
• /
• pp.9-11
• /
• 2006

우리나라에는 매년 평균 $2{\sim}3$회의 태풍이 내습하고 있다. 이러한 태풍의 내습시 우리나라 남해 근방의 항만에 정박증인 선박과 항행중인 선박의 대부분을 진해만으로 피항을 하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 진해만 피항시 정박하고 있는 많은 선박들 사이로 정박지를 찾아 헤메는 선박들로 인하여 위험한 상황을 초래하고 있다. 이러한 정박지 선정을 레이더를 통하여 진해만 정박지를 사전에 결정할 수 있으면 좋으리라 판단된다. 이 연구는 현재 정박지에서 선박간의 최소거리를 진해만 태풍 내습시의 자료를 이용하여 모델화하고 이 모델을 통하여 선박간의 최소 정박지 거리제공으로 선박항자에게 신속하고 정확한 정박지 선정에 도움이 되고자 한다. 또한 VTS center에서 정박지를 사전에 지정하는데 도움이 되는 시스템을 구축하는 기초자료로 이용하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.507-514
• /
• 2022

Jinhae Bay is used as a major typhoon shelter in the southeastern region of Korea. However, when a typhoon strikes, the Jinhae Bay is facing the possibility of marine accidents caused by dragging anchors and the increased number of ships. This paper suggested ways to safely and efficiently manage the port of Jinhae Bay when a typhoon strikes from Vessel traffic service operators in the sea, derived relative importance by conducting an Analytic Hierarchy Process assessment to ship operators, and suggested safety measures reflecting manager and user opinions. In order to select safety measures factors for the AHP survey, VTS operators analyzed the evaluation of measures when a typhoon strikes in Jinhae Bay. As a result of conducting a survey based on the selected safety measure factors, it was found that ship operators consider the safety of ships more than twice as important as efficient management, and comprehensively consider them in the order of management of evacuated ships, management of anchorage area, management of evacuation information, preparation regulations and guidelines, improvement of system equipment, education, publicity, and notification activities. Through the measures and relative importance identified in this paper, it is believed that Jinhae Bay can serve as the basis for safely and efficiently managing typhoon shelters.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.338-347
• /
• 2023

Jinhae Bay, characterized by frequent runaway ships and strong winds during typhoon attacks, poses a high risk of maritime accidents such as ship collisions and groundings. This study aims to determine a safe separation distance between ships in the Jinhae Bay anchorage, considering the unique environmental characteristics of the Korean sea area. Analysis revealed that an average of 100-200 ships anchor in the typhoon avoidance area in Jinhae Bay during typhoon attacks, with approximately 70% of ships experiencing anchor dragging owing to strong external forces exceeding 25 m/s wind speeds. In this study, we analyzed and presented the separation distances between ships during anchoring operations based on domestic and international design standards, separation distances between ships used as actual typhoon shelters in Jinhae Bay, and appropriate safe distances for ships drifting under strong external forces. The analysis indicated that considering the minimum criteria based on the design standards and emergency response time, a minimum safe distance of approximately 400-900 m was required. In cases where ample space was available, the separation distance was recommended to be set between 700 to 900 m. The findings of this study are anticipated to contribute to the development of guidelines for establishing safe separation distances between ships seeking refuge from typhoons in Jinhae Bay in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.61-62
• /
• 2004

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2009

Typhoons are usually influencing at least 3 or 4 times per year in Korean peninsula and they accompanied with strong winds and heavy rains and then brought tremendous loss of properties and lives. Especially typhoon "MAEMI" resulted in a lot of marine accidents of vessels such as sinking, stranding, collision etc. at anchoring or on berthing in pier. If the typhoon comes up to expected area influencing the incidents, the vessel tries to escape from the route of typhoon or anchor in sheltering anchorage. However, consideration of the anchoring or judgement of ship's safety against strong winds is decided only by the experience of operators without detail evaluation of the safety. Therefore, this paper evaluated the safety of T.S. HANBADA by comparing the external forces with the holding powers. Furthermore, based on this evaluation, the anchoring manual was produced for the maximum endurable wind velocity, the general precautions and the actions taken on the ship with steps.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.474-482
• /
• 2021

An average of two to three typhoons that occur in the Philippines or Taiwan pass through Korea each year owing to the influence of the geographical location and western winds. Because Jinhae Bay is known as Korea's representative typhoon refuge, it is filled with ships during typhoons and later becomes saturated with ships anchored to the surrounding routes. If a strong wind drags an anchored ship, a collision accident may occur because of the short distance between the ships. Therefore, a systematic anchoring safety management of Jinhae Bay is required. In this study, the minimum wind speeds of a dragging anchor based on the water depths of Jinhae Bay anchorages were investigated. When 7-9 shackles were given, the minimum wind speeds were 48-63, 46-61, and 39-54 knots at depths of 20, 35, and 50 m, respectively. As the water depth increased, the length of the cable laid on the sea bed became shorter than 5 m owing to the external force, and the minimum wind speed showed a significant difference of 4-8 knots. In addition, ships with high holding power anchors (AC-14 type) had higher minimum wind speeds than ships with conventional anchors (ASS type). Finally, it was confirmed that at a depth of 50 m, dragging easily occurred even when a high holding power anchor was applied.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.551-555
• /
• 2009

This study analyzed the cause for mooring chain cut in a naval ship moored, in preparation for a typhoon approach, to a buoy in a shelter. The result of the analysis led to a very interesting fact. That is, while officers usually understood the cut results from the fact that the wind and the tide were stronger than what the mooring chain can hold, according to the study, it was analyzed the impact power at the point where the mooring chain and the ship's body met was a main factor in the cut. Also, it was confirmed that the analytic result of the study is more logical from the point of mathematical analysis and that the cut corresponds to what the then-witnesses stated about the situation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.31 no.3 s.119
• /
• pp.223-228
• /
• 2007

In recent trends of the enlargement and specialization, container ship, LNCG, PCC and passenger ship which have relatively large hull and superstructure above the water line, are already being operated in the world It is very important information for the safety operation of these vessels to estimate the ship's performance under the specific wind condition while berthing, unberthing or low-speed sailing. In this paper, the effect of wind force and moment acting on the training ship HANNARA is investigated by using the numerical calculations. The results of drift angle and counter rudder angle with the relative wind direction and force, the critical wind velocity with the ratio of wind velocity and ship's speed and maximum heeling angle with the wind velocity are shown The presented results can be applied directly to T/S HANNARA in berthing maneuver and avoiding typhoons, and utilized as an educational materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.223-228
• /
• 2009

By the typhoon "MAEMI" in 2003, a lot of marine accidents such as stranding, collision etc. occurred to the vessels at anchor in "JINHAE MAN" which was considered one of the most safe sheltering anchorage in Korea. These accidents resulted from the dragging of anchor by the strong winds. It needs to compare the external forces with the holding powers of anchors to estimate if the anchor will be dragged or not. However, the calculation of the force by the wind on the ship, in particular, on the wind pressure area which changes by the swinging of her bow is not yet set on a thesis. Therefore, this paper verified that how many times the front wind pressure area should be applied to calculate the force by the wind on the ship at anchor by comparing and analyzing the numerical calculation with, the actual ship's data which was really dragged by the strong wind.