• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.5-29
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• 2010

This study examines the welfare dynamics in Korea under the scheme of National Basic Livelihood Protection Program(NBLP). Data are drawn from Korean Welfare Panel study 2005~2007. Main findings are summarized as follows. First, the exit probabilities show a declining tendency with time on welfare increases. If the exit probabilities indeed decline over time, the earlier years on welfare deserve more interest in the policy perspective. Moreover, the vast majority of recipients are long-termers. Further efforts are needed to increase self-sufficiency through providing genuine opportunity and necessary support for recipients. Second, out-of-poverty exit and out-of-system exit are quite different in their properties. The results from the multivariate analysis confirm that the dropouts through out-of-system exit are virtually the same with those who remain on welfare. These results imply that the government should not resort to the negative policy proposals such as time limit and strengthening sanctions. Third, several explanatory variables have anticipated effect on welfare exit probabilities. Age, education, health, marital status, the presence of children, employment status have a certain level of impact on exit, with the only exception of gender. Since the identification of the determinants can facilitate sensible targeting on the potential leavers, these results have some implications on policy proposals.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.261-284
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• 2012

This article attempts to discuss the childcare regime through examining the way familialism is expressed in society. First of all, this study reconceptualizes familialism and familism. From this conceptualization, this paper argues that although familialism is partly related with the level of development in a welfare state, familialism determines the way of welfare provision. Especially, family policy models are classified into 6 different typologies based on four concepts: defamilialization, familialization, public, and private. According to this discussion, familialism in child care is not simply the result of underdeveloped welfare in Korea. Rather the familialism is deeply rooted in the current socioeconomic circumstance and traditional culture in Korea. This implies that despite of expanding the institutional infrastructure of public childcare, the characteristic of Korean childcare regime would not be the same as the Nordic childcare regime.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.857-864
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• 2005

Dealuminated and alkali/alkaline-earth metal exchanged Y-type and ZSM-5 zeolites were prepared as catalytic materials. Comparing with the composition of starting material, the magnitude of Si/Al ratio was increased after dealumination and cation exchange process. The ratio of Si/Al on surface was appeared to be larger than that in bulk. The destruction of basic frame in catalysts observed was understood to be due to a detachment of aluminum, which results in reducing framework while increasing non-framework. This phenomenon becomes more serious with increasing time of steam treatment and even more significant for the cation exchanged catalysts. The desorption peaks of the NO-TPD profiles taken after dealumination and cation exchanged Y-type and ZSM-5 zeolites shifted to the low temperature region. It was also found that the longer the steam treatment time, the degree of shift toward low temperature region was increased. The catalytic activities are dependent on the nature of cation exchanged, the ratio of Si/Al and the ratio of framework/non-framework by a change in basic frame.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.944-954
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• 2014

This paper discusses how the traditional cuisine of Korea capitalizes on "nostalgia" for the past. While examining the (re)invention of Buddhist cuisine and Andong food, this paper contends that traditional Korean cuisine is commodified through a process of de-contexualization. This paper first discusses the possibility that the idea of traditional cuisine is an invention in the first place. The history of temple food, for instance, suggests that it was created as a vehicle for circulating and implementing the ruling ideology in the ancient societies of China. This paper then turns to the issue of the growing influence of traditional cuisine in contemporary Korean culture, which is related to the public's demand for healthy food and also tied with the South Korean society's need for promoting a national cuisine in the age of globalization. The rise of traditional cuisine is a sign that people are seeking to reform their eating habits and form a counterculture. Yet, another side of the story is that consumers end up taking part in the self-expanding capitalist market with more consumer choices rather than forming a genuine counterculture. In this respect, the reinvention of temple food is closely related to what Jean and John L. Comaroff call the "emergence of consumption as a privileged site for the fabrication of self and society, of culture and identity".

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.881-888
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• 2017

In general, the choking phenomenon occurs by flow acceleration for a turbine at high pressure ratio condition. In choking condition, total pressure ratio increases without mass flow rate variation. It is hard to predict choking characteristics by using conventional meanline analysis which used mass flow inlet boundary condition. In the present study, the algorithm for predicting choking point is developed to solve the problem. Moreover, performance estimation algorithm after choking is presented by reflecting the flow behaviour of flow expansion at choked nozzle or rotor. The analysis results are compared with 3D CFD analysis and experimental data to validate present method.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.435-447
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• 2016

In the 21st century, the phenomenon of interaction in between fine art and design has become more increasingly prevalent. In this paper, the author has analyzed the major works of Spanish artist Eva $Armis{\dot{e}}n$ on a cultural criticism perspective, and has proposed a framework for a deeper understating of the artworks, which reflected the characteristics of contemporary art and culture such as deterritorialization of art and design. As a result, it has been found that the main theme of her artworks is about preferred attitude of a human being in relationship with others, unlike daily lives or innocence of childhood which are well-known subjects to the public. Her main female character could have been formed by blending all of her aesthetic reason, and characteristics of this era and cultural elements. It means that the area where the public enjoys the sense of beauty have been extending from the area of the beautiful to the beauty of universality. It has been found that deterriorialization phenomena, which is a characteristic of post-modern art and design work to dismantle an existing order, the repression, appeared in her work. However, several research areas of her works such as relationship between text and image or formative elements or aphorism etc. still have remained to be solved.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-82
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• 2004

There is a general agreement that the global social-economic system is undergoing fundamental changes, which can be explained in terms of the transformation of production system from the Fordism to Post-Fordism since the 1980s. These fundamental changes have resulted in the 'new urbanization' process in the most of large cities in the developed countries. The aim of this paper is to identify the 'new urbanization' process in a large city in Korea that is, Daejon. For the propose, this paper tries to examine and conceptualize empirically the changes of economic, political, social-cultural, and spatial aspects of Daejon metropolis in the respect of 'new urbanization'. The major findings of this essay are summarized as follows. First of all, Daejon economy has experienced new changes, that is the development of service economy and high tech industry. But the old industry still remain important in the urban economy. Secondly, in the political aspect, new civil movements flourish in the city, while the political power of Jaminlyeon, a pro-conservative and narrow-regionalism party, once dominated this region, has decreased its influence. Thirdly. the original CBD of Daejon has been declined while new (sub-)CBBs have emerging in Daejon spatial structures. In conclusion, we can find some clues of the new urbanization process in Daejon, but this process is still quite slow and somewhat different from those of large cities of the developed countries.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.219-231
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• 2004

The use of air diffuser system to ameliorate the reservoir by breaking stratification is now widespread. This study focuses on the hydrodynamic behavior of bubble plumes, which is the major mechanism of destratification and their combined effect of adjacent plumes on destratification efficiency. By introducing 2-phase Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) technique, we could suggest the optimal diffuser spacing having optimal destratification efficiency by simply analyzing the complex destratification procedures varying with the seasonal stratification intensity and bubble flow rate. Lab experiments were also carried out to verify CFD model in thermally stratified fresh water which quite differs from former researches using salts. This study showed that the mixing efficiency strongly depends on the spacing of neighboring plumes. When diffuser spacing is lower than 1.5 times the depth, the combined effect is stronger; as Plume Number(PN) is increased, the efficiency is strongly affected by spacing. If the distance is shorter than the depth of water, the efficiency increases linearly in proportion to PN. Otherwise, the efficiency increases non-linearly. These findings suggest that the combined effect should be more quantitatively taken into consideration for design and operation of air-diffuser destratification system, and recommend that the optimal destratification efficiency will be when plume number is 1000 and the spacing between neighboring diffusers is 1.5 times the depth.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.117-154
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to verify the practical validity of financial sanctions, which has recently emerged as the most powerful form of economic sanctions preferred by U.S. foreign policy tool. Based on the theoretical discussion, analyse this study the trend of de-dollarization appearing in connection with financial sanctions and argue that the effectiveness of financial sanctions erode the dollar financial hegemony, which is the source of its power can be degraded, so that its effectiveness could not be so great as most people likely think about. After World War II, there has been an increasing tendency in the international community to favor economic sanctions over the use of military force as an effective means of foreign policy. Among these economic sanctions, a distinct feature that has recently appeared is the remarkable increase in the frequency of use of financial sanctions. The country that favors financial sanctions most is the United States. The reason is that they believe that the power of their own dollar financial hegemony can exert deadly pressure on other countries. Financial sanctions favored by the United States are said to have increased the effectiveness of sanctions by upgrading the pressure of sanctions to the next level. Nevertheless, financial sanctions have a side that underestimates the cost. This problem is found in the signs that the backlash from not only countries subject to financial sanctions but also many countries with interests in these countries is leading to a tendency to de-dollarization. This study will try to see how likely this de-dollarization trend is to offset the effectiveness of financial sanctions.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.957-963
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• 1997

PVC 핏치를 산소분위기에서 안정화시킬 때 발생되는 화학반응 기구를 열중량 분석 및 FT-IR을 이용하여 규명하였다. PVC 핏치를 안정화시킬 \ulcorner 초기에 가속화현상이 이러나서 핏치내에 반응성이 강한 메칠기(-CH/ sub 3/)나 메칠렌기(-CH$_{2}$-)등이 산소와 반응하여 카보닐기(C=O)를 생성하면서 급격한 무게증가 현상이 발생하였다. 이때의 생성물들은 알데히드(aldehyde), 케톤(ketone), 알코올(alcohol)이며, 물 (H$_{2}$O)이 부산물로 발생된다. 이 가속화 현상에 의해 핏치내의 메칠기와 메칠렌기는 안정화 초기단계에서 대부분 산화되어 없어졌다. 안정화시간이 길어짐에 따라 생성된 알데히드나 일차 알코올의 산화가 발생하여 카르복실산(carboxylic acid)을 생성하고, 에테르 결합도 생성되었다. 이때에도 무게증가 현상이 발생하지만, 초기의 급격한 무게증가와는 달리 그 증가속도가 느리고, 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가속도는 더욱 느려졌다. 그리고, 안정화온도가 높고 안정화시간이 긴경우에는,카르복실산들의 탈수반응으로 인한 방향족 무수화물(aromatic anhydride)이 생성되었다. 29$0^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 안정화시킨 경우, 무게감소가 발생했는데, 이것은 카르복실산의 탈카르복실화(decarboxylation)반응에 의해 CO$_{2}$가 발생되었기 때문이다. 그리고, 안정화 온도가 높을수록 안정화에 무게증가의 최대값과 방향족 무수화물이 발생되는 무게증가 값이 작아지고, 안정화 초기단계에서 나타나는 가속화 현상의 구간도 짧아졌다.