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  • Title/Summary/Keyword: 탈지

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Extraction of Surface-Active Substances from Defatted Rice Bran by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (초임계 CO2유체 추출법을 이용한 탈지미강 중 표면활성물질 추출의 최적화)

  • Lee, Hyong-Ju;Lee, Eui-Suk;Hong, Soon-Taek
    • Food Engineering Progress
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.175-181
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    • 2011
  • By using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, an attempt was made to extract surface-active substances from defatted rice bran. Extraction was carried out according to D-optimal design and results were analyzed by response surface methodology to establish optimum condition. It was found that pressure, temperature and co-solvent (ethanol) influenced in a different extent on the extraction efficiency (i.e., yield and interfacial tension) of surface-active substances. Among them, co-solvent was found to be a major influencing factor, where maximum yield (2.62%) was observed at the highest content (250 g). In addition, it also affected most on the interfacial tension at the oil-water interface but in this case the lowest interfacial tension value (9.51 mN/m) was found when added lowest (50 g). In conclusion, it was estimated that the optimum extraction condition was to be pressure 350bar, temperature 62C and co-solvent content 50 g in this study, where extraction yield was 0.69% and interfacial tension to be 10.1 mN/m.

Collagen Extraction Using Supercritical CO2 from Animal-Derived Waste Tissue (동물 유래 폐지방으로부터 초임계 CO2를 이용한 콜라겐 추출)

  • No, Seong-Rae;Shin, Yong-Woo;You, Seong-sik
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.60 no.3
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    • pp.386-391
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    • 2022
  • This study is about a technique for obtaining collagen by extracting fat by treating collagen-containing liposuction effluent in the presence of supercritical fluid. Using a supercritical solvent, a collagen extract could be obtained from animal-derived fat in a short time (about 6 hours), and about 2-3% of collagen by mass compared to the raw material could be obtained. The presence of collagen in the extract obtained by supercritical extraction was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and it was confirmed that it was type 1 collagen having a relatively large molecular weight. In addition, the growth factors of IGF-1, bFGF, VEGF and NGF were analyzed to find out which growth factors were present in the collagen obtained by supercritical extraction, and it was found that these growth factors were contained in the extract. There was no significant difference in DNA content per mg of sample before and after supercritical treatment. Further in-depth studies are likely to be needed on decellularization technology using the supercritical process. In conclusion, the extracellular matrix obtained through the solvent extraction process using a supercritical fluid contains growth factors above a certain amount even after decellularization and removal of fat, so that it was found that not only biocompatibility is greatly increased, but also tissue regeneration can be rapidly induced.

11S and 7S Globulin Fractions in Soybean Seed and Soycurd Characteristics (콩 종실 단백질 분획(7S, 11S)과 두부특성)

  • Kim, Yong-Ho;Kim, Seok-Dong;Hong, Eun-Hi
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.348-352
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    • 1994
  • Soybean seed consists of two major storage protein, the 7S and 11S globulins. For improving the quality of soybean seed protein, an increase of 11S/7S ratio would be a desirable objective because the 11S globulin contains much more the sulfur-containing amino acids than the 7S globulin. In this study, some soybean varieties were used to investigate the analyzing method for 7S and 11S globulins. 7S and 11S globulins couble be fractionated by their different solubilities in tris buffers. Adjusting the pH and tris concentration were major factors affecting the precipitation of the two globulins. And it was possible to screen the soybean genotypes having aberrant subunit compositions of the two globulins by an sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of total soybean proteins. The ratio of 11S to 7S globulin ranged from 1.29 to 1.38. This paper also dealed with the contribution of protein components in soybean seeds to the physical properties of soycurd. It indicated that the soycurd from crude 11S was remarkably harder than that from crude 7S, and springiness and cohesiveness were slightly higher in soycurd having higher proportion of 11S. So, it may concluded that proportion of protein components in soybean seed can be important factor which controls the suitability for soycurd or other foods.

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Improvement of funeral home services in preparation for national disasters (국가재난대비 지정 장례식장 서비스의 개선 방안)

  • JeungSun Lee
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.72-81
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    • 2022
  • As new disasters such as COVID-19, MERS, and earthquakes appear in modern society, the nation's ability to manage uncertain risks is becoming more important. The government is promoting a disaster safety management policy closely related to daily life by reinforcing on-site response capabilities. Therefore, in order to respond more effectively to disasters that have recently been enlarged, complicated, and delocalized, there is a limit to only disaster-related organizations in the public sector. It is necessary to check it and find ways to develop it. In the event of an unpredictable national disaster or infection, the government needs disaster safety management measures closely related to daily life. Accordingly, as an efficient response and strategy such as procedures and methods for funeral support at the scene of a national disaster were needed, a designated funeral home was introduced. In the event of a major disaster, a large number of casualties that exceed the daily work level of the relevant department occur and rapid changes in relief, medical care, funeral and administrative procedures occur accordingly. The purpose of this study is to derive basic operating directions and prompt funeral support plans for funeral homes designated for national disaster preparedness.

Evaluation of Garlic Germplasm for Resistance to Leaf Blight Caused by Stemphylium vesicarium (마늘 유전자원의 Stemphylium vesicarium에 의한 잎마름병 저항성 평가)

  • Jin Ju Lee;JiWon Han;Hun Kim;Jin-Cheol Kim;Gyung Ja Choi
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.124-130
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    • 2024
  • Leaf blight caused by Stemphylium vesicarium is one of the most important fungal diseases of garlic (Allium sativum L.) worldwide, which results in a reduction of quality and yield. The breeding of resistant cultivars is an efficient approach to decrease the use of chemical fungicides and minimize crop losses. In this study, to find the resistant garlic resources against S. vesicarium, we evaluated the resistance degree of 20 garlic germplasms. To do this, garlic seedlings at four-leaf stage were rubbed with nonabsorbent cotton and then inoculated with spore suspension (3.0×105 spores/ml of potato dextrose broth) of S. vesicarium by spray method. Three to seven days after inoculation, the infected leaf area (%) of garlic seedling was measured. 'Daeseo' and 'Namdo' were included as susceptible and resistant control cultivars, respectively. After 3 to 7 days of incubation, the infected leaf area (%) of garlic seedling was measured. Our results showed that IT245512, IT245528, and IT244068 lines exhibited the highest resistance against S. vesicarium, whereas IT257134 and IT253043 lines were more susceptible than the susceptible cultivar 'Daeseo'. Based on the results, the resistant genetic resources selected in this study can be used a basic material for resistant garlic breeding system against leaf blight.

Plasma resistance of Bi-Al-Si-O and Bi-Al-Si-O-F glass coating film (Bi-Al-Si-O와 Bi-Al-Si-O-F 유리 코팅막의 플라즈마 저항성)

  • Sung Hyun Woo;Jihun Jung;Jung Heon Lee;Hyeong-Jun Kim
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.131-138
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    • 2024
  • In this study, the microstructure and plasma resistance characteristics of 35Bi2O3-15Al2O3-50SiO2 (BiAl SiO) and 35Bi2O3-7.5Al2O3-50SiO2-7.5AlF3 (BiAlSiOF) glass layers coated on sintered alumina substrates were investigated according to the sintering conditions. The coated layers were formed using the bar coating method and then sintered at a temperature in the range of 700~900℃, which corresponds to the temperature before and after the hemisphere forming temperature, after a debinding process. The plasma resistance of the two coated glasses was approximately 2~3 times higher than that of the quartz glass, and in particular, the BiAlSiOF glass film with F added showed higher plasma resistance than BiAlSiO. It is thought to be due to the effect of suppressing the reaction with fluorine gas by adding fluorine to the glass. When the sintering time was increased at 700℃ and 800℃, the plasma resistance of both glasses improved, but when the sintering temperature was increased to 900℃, the plasma resistance decreased again (i.e., the etching rate increased). This phenomenon is thought to be related to the crystallization behavior of both glasses. The change in plasma resistance depending on the sintering conditions is thought to be related to the appearance of Al and Bi-rich phases.

GPR Development for Landmine Detection (지뢰탐지를 위한 GPR 시스템의 개발)

  • Sato, Motoyuki;Fujiwara, Jun;Feng, Xuan;Zhou, Zheng-Shu;Kobayashi, Takao
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.270-279
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    • 2005
  • Under the research project supported by Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), we have conducted the development of GPR systems for landmine detection. Until 2005, we have finished development of two prototype GPR systems, namely ALIS (Advanced Landmine Imaging System) and SAR-GPR (Synthetic Aperture Radar-Ground Penetrating Radar). ALIS is a novel landmine detection sensor system combined with a metal detector and GPR. This is a hand-held equipment, which has a sensor position tracking system, and can visualize the sensor output in real time. In order to achieve the sensor tracking system, ALIS needs only one CCD camera attached on the sensor handle. The CCD image is superimposed with the GPR and metal detector signal, and the detection and identification of buried targets is quite easy and reliable. Field evaluation test of ALIS was conducted in December 2004 in Afghanistan, and we demonstrated that it can detect buried antipersonnel landmines, and can also discriminate metal fragments from landmines. SAR-GPR (Synthetic Aperture Radar-Ground Penetrating Radar) is a machine mounted sensor system composed of B GPR and a metal detector. The GPR employs an array antenna for advanced signal processing for better subsurface imaging. SAR-GPR combined with synthetic aperture radar algorithm, can suppress clutter and can image buried objects in strongly inhomogeneous material. SAR-GPR is a stepped frequency radar system, whose RF component is a newly developed compact vector network analyzers. The size of the system is 30cm x 30cm x 30 cm, composed from six Vivaldi antennas and three vector network analyzers. The weight of the system is 17 kg, and it can be mounted on a robotic arm on a small unmanned vehicle. The field test of this system was carried out in March 2005 in Japan.

Biostatic activity of Coix lacryma seed extract on Toxoplasma gondii in macrophages (율무씨 수침 추출물이 대식세포내 톡소포자충에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 소진탁;김숙향
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.197-206
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    • 1996
  • Water extract of Coix locrvmn seeds (Co-Ex) was separated into several components; dissolved with Tris-Cl buffer and the supernatant (WC 1), ammonium sulfate treatment supernatant (WC2) and the pellet nvc31,9AE column chromatography of WC 1 and the peak portions; WC4, WCS and WC6. Murine peritoneal macrophages in DMEM containing 10% heat-inactivated FCS were infected with tachyzoites of ToxopIQsmc gondii, RH strain, in uifo. By adding modulators such as Co-Ex, WC 1,2,3,4.5,6 and LPS or IFN-γ for 24 hrs . toxoplasmastatic activity of macrophages was examined in relation to nitrite production. Nitrite production of macrophages was enhanced especially in the series of WC2, WC1 and the combination sample (WC1 + WC2 + WC3) by order than other components or fractions (WC4, WC5, WC6) tested . Toxoplasmastatic actions such as percentage of the inacrophages infected by T. gonnii and fold increase of T gondii in macrophages showed retroverse relations with the amount of nitrite production; i.e. as nitric oxide (NO) increased the phagocytic index of macrophages and the fold increase of tachyzoites in macrophages decreased . Nitrite (NO-2) production was increased by adding IFN-γ in all cases together with enhancement of biostatic effects. Through the results obtained, it is speculated that some components other than the non-proteinous and defatted components in Coix lacrwmn seeds may contribute to activate macrophages through induction of NO for the biostatic activity.

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Screening of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) producing Lactobacillus plantarum and production of CLA on soy-powder milk by these stains (공액리놀레산 생성 Lactobacillus plantarum 선발 및 이를 이용한 콩-분말 두유에서 공액리놀레산 생산)

  • Kim, Baolo;Lee, Byong Won;Hwang, Chung Eun;Lee, Yu-Young;Lee, Choonwo;Kim, Byung Joo;Park, Ji-Yong;Sim, Eun-Yeong;Haque, Md. Azizul;Lee, Dong Hoon;Lee, Jin Hwan;Ahn, Min Ju;Lee, Hee Yul;Ko, Jong Min;Kim, Hyun Tae;Cho, Kye Man
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.231-240
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    • 2015
  • In this study, a total of 16 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented foods. Among those strains, the S48 and P1201 strains were capable of producing higher CLA contents than other LABs. The two strains were classified as Lactobacillus plantarum based on morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic, and molecular-genetic properties. The survival rates of these strain appeared to be 59.57% and 62.22% under artificial gastric conditions after 4 h at pH 2.5, respectively. These strains produced the cis-9, trans-11, and trans-10, cis-12 CLA isomers from 8% skim milk medium supplemented with the different free LA concentration at 37C for 48 h and the production of two CLA isomers constantly increased in the growth until 48 h of incubation. After 48 h of fermentation, the levels of CLA appeared highest in steamed soy-powder milk than fresh and roasted soy-powder milks. In particular, the CLA contents were produced 183.57μg/ml and 198.72μg/ml from steamed soy-powder milk after fermentation (48 h) with S48 and P1201 strains, respectively.

On the Milled Wood Lignins Isolated from Hardwood by Progressive Milling (단계적(段階的) 분쇄법(粉碎法)에 의해 조제(調製)된 활엽수(闊葉樹) MWL에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Cho, Nam Seok
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.62-67
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    • 1979
  • Ultraviolet microscopy of ultrathin sections of wood has proved to be one of the useful means for determining the lignin distribution in the various regions of the cell wall. Also, spectral approach and quantitative analysis of isolated compound middle lamella fraction from birch xylem have revealed that the lignin associated with the vessel secondary wall and middle lamella is composed predominantly of gualacylpropane units. Lignin deposited in the fiber and ray parenchyma secondary walls is composed mostly of syringylpropane units. The middle lamella lignin around fibers and ray cells contains both guaiacyl and syringyl propane quits. On the basis of the results above, this research was carried out to clarify the origin of milled wood lignin (MWL) by analysing the chemical characteristics of ML MWLs extracted at various milling stages. The amount of phenolic hydroxyl-, α-carbonyl-, and methoxyl-group in the MWL's increases the milling time. And progressive mining contributes to the merease of ratio of syringylaldehyde to vanillin(S/V ratio) after nitrobenzene oxidation of MWL. Accordingly, It could be concluded that milled wood lignin extracted at the initial milling stage derives from compound middle lamella region of cell wall, whereas, with progressive milling, lignin of secondary wall of fiber is introduced gradually to milled wood lignin. These results are suggesting that heterogeneous chemical structure of lignins in hardwood exists. Although milled wood lignin at the initial stage seems to have lower molecular weight in comparison with milled wood lignin extracted at final milling stage from the result of Gel-filtration curves, further study would be required on molecular weight distribution of milled wood lignin in future.

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