• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.175-179
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• 2003

농촌진흥청, 사천성, 산동성의 곰보버섯 균주의 최적 배양조건을 찾기 위해 배지, 탄소원, 질소원을 변화시켜 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 배지에서 RDA와 SCP는 YSB 배지에서 각각 0.250 및 0.350 g을 보였으며, SDP는 Czpek 배지 0.294 g의 최대 생산량을 보였으며, 탄소원에서 RDA은 최대 균사체 성장이 maltose에 의해 0.272 g, SCP의 경우는 fluctose에 의해 0.420 g, SDP는 mannitol에 의해 0.385 g의 생산량을 보였다. 질소원에서 RDA은 최대 균사체 성장이 Yeast extract와 $NH_4Cl$에 의해 0.325 g, SCP의 경우에는 Yeast extract에 의해 0.412 g, SDP의 경우에는 Asparagine, $NH_4Cl$에 의해 0.435 g의 생산량을 보였다. 또한 최적 온도는 $25^{\circ}C$였으며, PH는 5.5 - 6.5 사이로 나타났다. 버섯 및 질소원에 따라 $NH_4Cl$을 추가했을 때 성장된 균사체의 양은 다르게 나타나 이에 대한 연구는 추가적으로 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.242-243
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• 2011

우리나라의 전력 계통은 수도권에 부하가 집중되어 있는 반면에 발전 설비는 비수도권에 위치해서 대규모 북상 조류가 발생한다. 이런 대규모의 장거리 전력 전송은 계통의 안정도를 떨어뜨리고 사고시 전력 계통에 불안정을 야기할 수 있다. 때문에 이를 방지하기 위해 송전전력을 제한하게 되고 그로 인한 혼잡비용이 발생한다. 전압형 BTB(Back-to-Back) HVDC의 경우 유효전력과 무효전력의 독립적인 제어가 가능하므로 전압형 BTB HVDC를 수도권 전력 계통에 투입시켜 무효전력을 보상해줄 수 있다. 무효전력을 보상해주면 수도권으로의 융통전력이 더 증가하게 되고 그로 인한 혼잡비용을 절감시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 PSS/E를 이용하여 전압형 BTB HVDC를 수도권 전력망에 투입하여 융통전력을 계산하고 이를 토대로 탄소세를 고려한 혼잡 비용절감 효과를 알아본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.33-36
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• 2004

탄소 도핑$(5{\times}10^{19}\;cm^{-3})$된 p-type GaAsSb 에피층 위에, Ti/Pt/Au, Pd/Au, Pd/Ir/Au를 이용한 다층 오믹 접촉을 제작하였다. MOCVD(metal-organic chemical vapor deposition)를 이용하여 성장시킨 이 p-GaAsSb의 정공 이동도는 탄소의 도핑 농도가 매우 높음에도 불구하고, $50\;cm^2/Vs$로 측정되었다. 오믹 접촉의 전기적 특성을 측정하기 위하여 TLM(Transfer length method)를 이용하였다. Pd/Ir/Au을 이용한 오믹접촉의 specific contact resistivity는 $10^{-8}\;ohm-cm^2$ 보다 작은 수치를, transfer length는 100 nm보다 작은 수치를 보였으며, Ti/Pt/Au을 이용한 ohmic contact의 specific contact resistivity는 $10^{-7|\;ohm-cm^2$ 보다 작은 수치를, transfer length는 400 nm보다 작은 수치를 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.75-76
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• 2016

Because of variable factors in construction phase, measurement of carbon emission in construction industry is more difficult than in other industries. To enhance accuracy of the measurement, the impact of variable factors must be considered. In this paper, to understand the influence of variable factors in steel erection work, a carbon emission casual map was developed. The map demonstrates that the considerations of variable factors in measurement of carbon emission improves the accuracy. The results of this paper are expected to contribute to development of carbon emission casual map and carbon emission measurement model for the entire construction phase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.400-400
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• 2011

조성에 따른 밴드갭 조절이 용이하고 광흡수율이 결정질, 비결정질 실리콘보다 높으며 황동광 구조를 갖는 CuIn1-xGaxSe2 계 물질은 박막형 태양전지의 광흡수층으로 널리 쓰이고 있다. 기존 동시증발법, 스퍼터링법 등 진공 공정 기반 기술이 갖는 고비용 문제와 대면적화 필요성에 대한 대안으로 비진공 박막 증착법이 활발히 연구되고 있는 가운데, 본 연구에서는 닥터블 레이드 코팅법을 이용하여 상온 및 상압 환경에서 쉽게 전구체 박막을 코팅한 후 열처리함으로써 CuInSe2 박막을 얻을 수 있었다. 고분자로 이루어진 바인더(binder) 물질과 금속 아세테이트 (metal acetate)계 전구체를 용매에 용해시킨 후 이를 도포하고, 추가적인 산화 열처리 과정 (oxidation)을 통해 최근 문제가 되고 있는 잔류탄소층 문제를 해결할 수 있었다. XRD 분석 결과, 금속 전구체들은 산화 과정 통해 금속산화물로 변환되고, 이후 셀렌화(Selenization)과정에서 산소(Oxygen)가 셀레늄(Selenium)으로 치환되는 반응이 일어나는 것으로 관찰되었다. 또한 SEM 분석을 통해 잔류 탄소층이 존재하지 않으며 결정립 크기가 최대 수백nm 정도임을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 1991

Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) pressure vessels are made of forged low alloy steel plates internally clad with an austenitic stainless steel by welding to improve anti-corrosion properties. They display a characteristic behavior of dissimilar metal weld interface during post weld heat treatment (PWHT) and service at high temperature and pressure. In this Study, Metallugical structure of weld interface of SA 508 Class 3 forged steel clad with 309L, Austenitic stainless steel after PWHT was investigated. To estimate the width of the carburized/decarburized bands quantitatively, a model for carbon diffusion was proposed and a theoretical equation was derived.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.288-294
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• 2014

The study on the migration of carbon in T23/T91 dissimilar metal welds for the boiler was conducted at $600^{\circ}C$ with an increase of aging time from 1 to 100 hrs. Following results were obtained. The heavily etched dark band tended to increase from a molten boundary owing to an increase of aging time, which leads to form hard (T91) and soft (T23) zones with different hardness. It was found that carbon was migrated from T23 area to T91 area due to different carbon activities. In addition, soft and hard zones were formed in regional area mainly resulted from carbide dissolutions and precipitates.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.19-34
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• 2022

This study was conducted to provide basic data that can be used when establishing Net Zero policies and implementation plans for non-urban settlements by quantitatively analyzing the Net Zero contribution to green infrastructure in rural areas corresponding to non-urban settlements. The main purpose is to first, systematize green infrastructure in rural areas, secondly derive basic units for each element of green infrastructure, and thirdly quantify and present the impact on Net Zero in Korea using these. In this study, CVR(Content Validity Ration) analysis was performed to verify the adequacy of green infrastructure elements in rural areas derived through research and analysis of previous studies, is as follows. First, Hubs of Green infrastructure in rural area include village forests, wetlands, farm land, and smart farms with a CVR value of .500 or higher. And Links of Green infrastructure in rural area include streams, village green areas, and LID (rainwater recycling). Second, the basic unit for each green infrastructure element was presented by classifying it into minimum, maximum, and median values using the results of previous studies so that it could be used for spatial planning and design for Net Zero. Third, when Green infrastructure in rural areas is applied to non-urban settlements in Korea, it is analyzed that it has the effect of indirectly reducing CO₂ by at least 70.76 million tons and up to 141.16 million tons. This is 3.4 to 6.7 times the amount of CO₂ emission from the agricultural sector in 2019, and it can be seen that the contribution to Net Zero is very high. It is expected to greatly contribute to the transformation of the ecosystem. This study quantitatively presented the carbon-neutral contribution to settlements located in non-urban areas, and by deriving the carbon reduction unit for each element of green infrastructure in rural areas, it can be used in spatial planning and design for carbon-neutral at the village level. It has significance as a basic research. In particular, the basic unit of carbon reduction for each green infrastructure factors will be usable for Net Zero policy at the village level, presenting a quantitative target when establishing a plan, and checking whether or not it has been achieved. In addition, based on this, it will be possible to expand and apply Net Zero at regional and city units such as cities, counties, and districts.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.643-652
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• 2006

Data of the carbon monoxide concentration observed in Mt. Waliguan in China (WLG), Ulaan Uul in Mongolia (UUM), Tae-ahn Peninsula in Korea (TAP), and Ryori in Japan (RYO) were analyzed for a long period between 1991 and 2004. The annual average concentration of carbon monoxide was the highest at TAP $(233{\pm}41ppb)$ followed by $RYO(171{\pm}36ppb),\;UUM(155{\pm}26ppb),\;and\;WLG(135{\pm}22ppb)$. The seasonal variations being high in spring and low in summer were observed in other areas of Eastern Asia except WLG. TAP was high in carbon monoxide concentration in all seasons compared to WLG, UUM and RYO and shows wide distribution of concentration in the histogram, which is caused by the influence of large-scale air pollution due to its downwind location close to the East Asian continent, China in particular. Also, our data was compared with data measured at Mauna Loa (MLO) in Hawaii. According to the origin of the isentropic backward trajectory and its transport passage, carbon monoxide concentration observed in TAP was analyzed as follows: continental background airflows (CBG) were $216{\pm}47ppb$; regionally polluted continental airflows (RPC) were $316{\pm}56ppb$; Oceanic background airflows (OBG) were $108{\pm}41ppb$; and Partly perturbed oceanic airflows (PPO) were $161{\pm}6ppb$. The high concentration of carbon monoxide in TAP is due to the airflow from East Asian continent origin rather than that from the North Pacific origin. Especially, RPC which passes through the eastern China appeared to be the highest in concentration in spring, fall, and winter. However, OBG was affected by the North Pacific air mass with a low carbon monoxide concentration in summer. The NOAA satellite images and GEOS-CHEM model simulation confirmed a large-scale air pollution event that was in the course of expansion from southeastern China bound to the Korean Peninsula and the Korea East Sea by way of the Yellow Sea.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

If the properties of artificial lightweight aggregates produced by rotary kiln can be predicted by using a simulator equipped with a small electric furnace and a specially designed device for specimen movement, large amount of raw materials and plenty of test time can be saved to produce test products of lightweight aggregates. In this study a simulator for the accurate prediction of the artificial lightweight aggregates produced by rotary kiln was assembled by our own design and the properties of lightweight aggregates produced by both the simulator and rotary kiln were compared to speculate its usefulness. The average diameter of aggregates was 8 mm and atmosphere in the furnace was controlled by the amount of carbon powders. Specific gravity, absorption rate (%), black-core area in the cross-sectional view of both aggregates were measured and compared. Unlike oxydizing atmosphere, both specific gravity and absorption rate of the aggregates sintered at reducing atmosphere were increased with increasing carbon addition. It is concluded that the sintering atmosphere was the closest to that of the rotary kiln when the carbon addition was 0.7 g to make a reducing atmosphere in the furnace and the properties of both agreggates was also similar to each other.