• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.42 no.5 s.143
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• pp.499-505
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• 2005

Underwater explosion shock response analysis of a nonlinear double resiliently mounted equipment on a MIL-S-901D Large floating Shock Platform(LFSP) was carried out using LS-DYNA3D/USA. As a nonlinear double resiliently mounted equipment, real main engine module of naval ship was considered, where the engine, bearing, and base frame including sound enclosure were treated as rigid bodies with six degrees of freedom. The nonlinear effects of resilient mounts on its shock response characteristics were examined, and the usefulness of our suggested method was also confirmed comparing with calculation results by the equipment maker.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.171-180
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• 2005

In this study the seismic performance of a three-story knee-braced moment-resisting frame (KBMRF), which is typically employed to support pipelines for oil or gas, was investigated. Nonlinear static pushover analyses were performed first to observe the force-displacement relationship of KBMRF under increasing seismic load. The results show that, when the maximum inter-story drift reached 1.5% of the story height, the main structural members, such as beams and columns, still remained elastic. Then nonlinear dynamic time-history analyses were carried out using eight earthquake ground motion time-histories scaled to at the design spectrum of UBC-97. It turned out that the maximum inter-story drift was smaller than the drift limit of 1.5 % of the structure height, and that the columns remained elastic. Based on these analytical results, it can be concluded that the seismic performance of the structure satisfies all the requirements regulated in the seismic code.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.34-45
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• 1984

우리가 소비하는 식량의 확보는 단위 수량의 증대 뿐만 아니라, 생산이후 수확, 조제가공 및 건조 저장과정에서의 곡물 손실 방지 또는 감소로 인한 간접 증산으로도 이룩될 수 있는데, 현재 우리나라에서는 수확 이후의 곡물 손실량이 전체 생산량의 약 11%에 달하는 것으로 추정되고 있다(12). 여기서 식량의 중요 손실원으로 기계적 원인과 곡물 자체의 특성에 의한 두가지 요인을 고려할 수 있다. 따라서 쌀의 물리적 특성이 규명되면 각 과정에서 발생되는 기계적 손실을 더욱 줄일 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고 지금까지 우리나라에서는 벼의 물리적 특성에 관한 연구가 거의 없는 실정이다. 특히 우리나라에 많이 보급되고 있는 통일계 품종은 관행 품종에 비하여 물리적 특성이 크게 다르다고 인정되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 벼와 현미의 특성을 기계적 및 유동학적 측면에서 함수율 및 품종별로 규명하여, 농업기계의 설계 및 작동조건, 그리고, 조제가공의 기초적 자료로 제시하고자 하였다. 실험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 준 정하중의 압축시험에서 함수율은 벼와 현미의 기계적 및 유동학적 특성에 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 특히 높은 함수율에서는 점성적인 특성이, 낮은 함수율에서는 탄성적인 특성이 나타났다. 2. 벼와 현미의 함수율이 24-12% (습량기준)의 범위에 있을 때 현미의 항복점은 2.0-7.2kg, 벼의 항복점은 2.5-7.6kg을 나타냈으며, 전반적으로 현미보다 벼의 항복점이 0.5-1kg 더 높았다. 또한 함수율이 18%(습량기준) 이하에서는 일반계 품종이 통일계 품종보다 압축 강도가 더 높았으나 18% 이상의 높은 함수율에서는 더 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 낮은 함수율에서 현미의 항복점은 현미 두께 대 길이의 비의 증가에 따라 직선적으로 감소하였다. 3. 현미의 최대압축 강도는 함수율 24-12%(습량기준)의 범위에서 2.94-10.4kg을 나타냈으며, 14% 수준의 낮은 함수율에서는 현미의 최대 압축 강도는 5.66-11.4kg으로 품종간에 높은 유의성이 있었다. 따라서 벼와 현미의 크기가 최대 압축 강도에 큰 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다. 4. 함수율 12-24%(습량기준)의 범위에서, 현미의 항복점에서 변형은 0.20-0.40mm를 나타냈으며, 함수율이 약 17%일 때 최소치를 보였다. 벼의 항복점에서 변형은 0.20-0.41mm 였으며 통일계 품종이 일반계 품종보다 변형이 더 많이 생겼다. 5. 함수율 24-12%(습량기준)의 범위에서, 일반계 품종의 레질리언스(resilience)는 $0.142-0.603kg{\cdot}mm$, 통일계 품종의 레질리언스는 $0.229-0.601kg{\cdot}mm$로 나타났다. 함수율이 19% 이하에서는 일반계 품종이 통일계 품종보다 더 높게 나타났으며 19% 이상에서는 반대 현상이 일어났다. 또한 14%의 낮은 함수율에서, 현미의 레질리언스는 현미 두께 대 길이의 비의 증가에 따라 감소하였다. 벼의 레질리언스는 함수율의 감소에 따라 증가했으며, 그 범위는 $0.285-0.850kg{\cdot}mm$이었다. 6. 현미의 터프니스(toughness)는 함수율 24-12%(습량기준)의 범위에서 $0.841-2.795kg{\cdot}mm$이었다. 또한 일반계 품종과 통일계 품종 사이에는 유의성이 없었으나. 품종간에는 높은 유의성이 있었다. 7. 현미의 탄성계수와 스티프니스(stiffness)는 함수율의 감소에 따라 직선적으로 증가하였다. 현미의 함수율이 24-12%(습량기준)의 범위에 있을 때 탄성계수는 $7-40kg/mm^2$, 스티프니스는 8-34kg/mm를 나타냈다.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

The physical, mechanical and chemical properties of old and new Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) were analyzed. The old woods were from dismantled timbers of Bonjungsa temple. The crystallized resin in the latewood was observed by microscopic analysis. Also, reduction of specific gravity, occurrence of microscopic cleavage of tracheid was observed in the old wood. The angle of microscopic cleavage of tracheid is estimated with the same angle of micro-fibril angle of 52 layer. The bending, compression and shear strength of old world were decreased about 35-27% than those of new wood. Dynamic modulus of elasticity measured by ultrasonic nondestructive test has the tendency of reducing by the time elapse of the wood usage. Therefore, deterioration of wood could be measured by reduction of specific gravity and dynamic MOE. The static MOE and mechanical properties of old wood could be predictable by measuring dynamic MOE in the longitudinal direction. Extractives of the old wood in 1-% NaOH solution are larger quantity than new wood. Therefore the decay of the wood could be evaluated by analyzing the chemical compound, especially 1-% NaOH solution. The results of this research could be used for understanding and prediction of the changing properties with elapsing time of wood.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.27-38
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• 2010

A series of model test as well as numerical analysis by FEM was performed to investigate lateral earth pressure acting on a buried pipe in soft ground undergoing horizontal soil movement. A model test apparatus was manufactured so as to simulate horizontal soil movement in model soft ground, in which a model rigid buried pipe was installed. The velocity of soil deformation could be controlled as wanted during testing. The model test was performed on buried pipes with various diameters and shapes to investigate major factors affected the lateral earth pressure. The result of model tests showed that the larger lateral earth pressure acted on the buried pipes under the faster velocity of soil movement. The result of numerical analysis, which was performed under immediate loading condition, showed a similar behavior with the result of model tests under 0.3mm/min to 1.0mm/min velocity of soil deformation. Most of model tests showed the soil deformation-lateral load behavior, in which the first yielding load developed at small soil deformation and elastic behavior was observed by the yielding load. Then, lateral load was kept constant by the second yielding load, in which plastic behavior was observed between the first yielding load and the second yielding one. Beyond the second yielding load, the compression behavior zone was observed. When the velocity was too fast, however, the lateral load was increased with soil deformation beyond the first yielding load without showing the second yielding load. The buried pipes with the larger diameter was subjected to the larger lateral load and the larger increasing rate of lateral load. At small soil deformation, the influence of diameter and shape of buried pipes on lateral load was small. However, when soil deformation was increased considerably, the influence became more and more.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 2006

Rubber compounds have a high viscoelastic property. One of the viscoelastic behaviors during profile extrusion is the swelling of extrudate, and the amount of swelling varies with operational conditions in extrusion. It is well recognized that the elastic portion in the viscoelastic property plays an important role in the extrudate swell. In this study computer simulation of the die swell at the capillary die for several rubber compounds has been performed using commercial CFD code, Polyflow. A non-linear differential viscoelastic model, Phan-Thien-Tanner (PTT) model, was used in the computer simulation. Non-isothermal behavior was considered in the calculation. Distribution of pressure, velocity and temperature in the reservoir and capillary die, and extrudate profiles were predicted through the simulation. The amount of the die swell fur the different rubber compounds was investigated for various flow rates and three types of length to diameter of the capillary die. It is concluded that the PTT model successfully represented viscoelastic behavior of rubber compounds.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.67-74
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• 1982

The dynamic behaviour of an elastically supported finite beam subjected to an axial force and moving loads with acceleration is investigated. Within the Euler beam theory the solutions are obtained by using finite Fourier and Laplace transformation methods with respect to space and time variable. Integrations involved in the theoretical results are carried out by Simpson's rule. From the results of the theoretical analysis, it is evident that dynamic behaviour of the beam are affected remarkably by acceleration and axial force.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.98.1-98.1
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• 2015

G-M극저온냉동기의 구동으로 인해 발생되는 크라이오 펌프의 진동 저감을 위해 각 요소에 해당하는 부품의 소재 및 모델 변경으로 설계에 반영하고자 한다. G-M극저온냉동기는 헬륨냉매를 사용하여 2개의 정압과정과 2개의 정적과정으로 구성되는 냉동사이클을 구성하는데, 구조적 특성상 내부 왕복기의 운동과 고저압변환에 따른 압력차이가 냉동기의 진동을 유발하므로 진공성능에 영향을 줄 수 있으므로, 이를 최소화하는 기술 개발이 필요하다. 헬륨냉매의 고압 유동에 따른 관로 압력증가로 인한 유동소음이 발생하는데, 이로 인한 소음을 줄이기 위해 관로의 최적화 설계/방진구조반영(DAMPER)으로 진동 안정화(Vibration Stabilization)설계를 수행 하고자 하며, 이에 따른 최적화 연구을 수행하고자 한다. 일차적으로, 기존 시스템의 진동측정을 통해 진동의 가진원을 밝히고 진동 전달경로를 파악하고자한다. 진동 가진원의 가진 최소화, 진동전달경로의 전달률 최소화, 고압유동에 따른 관로 설계 최적화를 진동해석, 탄성체 동역학해석, 그리고 유동해석을 통해 진동 및 소음의 최소화 방안을 도출하고자 한다. 해석결과를 토대로 진동가진원의 최소화를 위한 제품설계변경과 진동전달경로에 대한 방진을 위한 dmper 적용(전달률 최소화) 및 유동소음 최소화를 위한 damper나 관로 최적화 설계를 수행한다. 상기 기존시스템 측정/분석, CAE해석을 통한 진동/소음의 최적화방안도출 및 실제품 적용기술은 저진동 크라이오펌프 개발을 위한 기반 기술 확립에 크게 기여할것이며, 향후 크라이오펌프 고도화 및 최신 기술 제품 개발에 큰 기여가 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.1 s.79
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• pp.61-69
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• 2004

The bridge piers under service suffered a brittle failure due to the deterioration of lap-spliced longitudinal reinforcement without developing its flexural capacity or ductility. The earthquake induced lateral force results in tension which causes bond-slip failure at the lap-spliced region in circular bridge piers. In this case, such a brittle failure can be controlled by the seismic retrofit using FRP laminated circular tube. The retrofitted piers using FRP laminated circular tube showed significant improvement in seismic performance due to FRP's confinement effect. This paper presents the analytical results on the seismic strengthening effect of circular bridge piers with poor lap-splice details and strengthened with FRP laminated circular tube. FRP's confinement effect is predicted by the classical elasticity solution for the laminated circular tube manufactured with several layers. The FRP laminated circular tube induces the flexural failure instead of a bond-slip failure of the circular reinforced concrete piers under seismic induced lateral forces. To investigate the correctness and effectiveness of analytical solution derived in this study, the analytical results were compared with the experimental data and it was confirmed that the results were correlated well each other, The effects on the confinement of FRP laminated circular tube, such as the number of layers, the fiber orientations, and the mechanical properties, were investigated. From the parametric study, it was found that the number of layers, the fiber orientations, and the major Young's modulus (E11) of the FRP laminated circular tube were the dominant parameters affecting the confinement of reinforced concrete circular bridge piers.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 1983

Stress distribution under a driving lugged wheel was obtained by photoelastic method. The distribution showed two distinct parts, one part is due to sinkage and other due to compression. Results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. The tangential reactions of sinkage as well as compressing parts were directly proportional to tangential load to the driving wheel, that's appeared to be thrust of the driving wheel. The normal reactions of both sinkage and compressing parts were directly proportional to the vertical load to the driving wheel, that's appeared to be resistance against wheel motion. 2. When the tangential load was constant, changing the vertical load did not show any significant thrust variation of the driving wheel. 3. Under the condition of this experiment, the ratio of vertical load to tangential load (T.L/V.L) must be greater than 1.0 in order for the wheel to roll.