• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.101-121
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• 2014

The study aims to develop the NCS based vocational curriculum model for the practical and creative human resources. For effectiveness of the study, the study consists of literature studies of both domestic and international, contents analysis, case study, expert(9samples) consultation and review, and in-depth-interview of the three advisory members. The validity of the developed model is analyzed through mean, standard deviation and contents validity ratio(CVR). The main results of the model development in our study are as follow. First, our NCS based vocational curriculum model for the practical and creative human resources is developed with the analyses of NCS development manuals, training standard utilization and training curriculum organization manuals, NCS learning module development manual and case studies, NCS research report, NCS based curriculum pilot development resources directed toward the high schools and vocational school as well as the domestic and international literature study on career training model like NCS. Second, based on the findings of our analysis in combination with the findings from the consultations with the expert and advisory committee, total 19 sub-factors of each step and domain are extracted. The sub-factors of domain in step 1 are the competency unit, definition of competency unit, competency unit element, performance criteria, range of variable, guide of assessment, key competency; in step 2, they are subject title, subject objectives, chapter title, chapter objectives, pedagogical methods, assessment methods and basic job competence; and in step 2, they are NCS based subject matrix table, NCS based subject profile, NCS based job training curriculum table, NCS based subjects organization flowchart, NCS based job training operation plan. Third, the final model including step 3 NCS based subject profile are developed in association with the linked organizational sub-factors of step 1 and step 2. Forth, the validity tests for the final model by the step and domain yield the mean 4.67, CVR value 1.00, indicating the superior validity. Also, the means of each sub-factors are all over 4.33 with the CVR value 1.00, indicating the high validity as well. The means of the associated organizations within the model are also over 4.33 with the CVR value of 1.00. Standard deviations are all .50 or lower which are small. Fifth, based on the validity test results and the in-depth-interview of the expert and advisory committee, the model is adjusted complemented to establish final model of the NCS based vocational curriculum for the practical and creative human resources.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.851-868
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• 2004

The main purposes of this study is to develop a web-based STS biology instruction program (WB-STS) for the scientifically gifted students. The specific main research questions were as follows; 1. How can the WB-STS for biology education be developed and what are the primary components involved in it? 2. Is there any proper validity for developed the WB-STS in biology education? To solve the above mentioned problems, several procedures were applied. First, in order to develop WB-STS for the scientifically gifted students, NCISE, Renzulli' s Enrichment Triad Model and the Iowa Chautauqua program's main characteristics were analyzed systematically and the principles and general process for constructing WB-STS were examined. Additionally, the needs of students and the goals of Biology education were identified thoroughly. And then all these ideas were embodied in an agenda for constructing WB-STS. Second, to analyse the validity and utility of developing WB-STS, a questionnaire was developed and submitted to seven specialists and a group of twenty students who would participate in the experiment later. The main results of study are summarized below: First, WB-STS appeared to be successfully constructed based on Renzulli' s Enrichment Triad Model and the Iowa Chautauqua program. Its main features are that it was made emphasizing a learner-centered approach and constructive learning. It is composed of five steps: Scientific theme selection -${\rightarrow}$Exploration ${\rightarrow}$ Concept & Principle Check ${\rightarrow}$ Finding Solution ${\rightarrow}$ Action. Second, seven specialists and a group of students assessed the developed WB-STS's validity and utility with a questionnaire, the results appeared satisfactory. Students showed high interest in WB-STS and gave a positive evaluation of WB-STS.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2008

Environment-indifferent developments have brought about a great deal of environmental pollution and a destruction of the ecosystem. The global interest in environmental pollution has emerged in accordance with the environmental regulations becoming ever stricter in the international society. Various attempts are being pitched in Korea such as the PERS (Prior Environmental Review System) and EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) and they practice a significant impact on the construction industry. Recently, there have been cases where large-scale national development businesses are delayed and terminated or re-examined for their feasibility for not having reflected and analyzed the environmental factors of the natural and ecological environment. We must sustain the ecological functions and balance and minimize environmental pollution issues that can be caused by land developments and preserve the natural environment so to induce environmentally-friendly development businesses. Thus, this research paper proposes environmental review categories of the natural ecosystem sector that can be applied to all stages of construction businesses including master planning stages, basic planning and execution designing stage, construction stage, and maintenance stage. The environmental review categories proposed in this paper are expected to offer a great deal of support in terms of inducing environment-sustainable development to decision makers in the master plan stage, designers in the basic planning and execution designing stage, and construction managers in the construction and maintenance stages.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.273-286
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• 2013

Recently, due to problems with subway and bus operations, a need has emerged for a solution such as the introduction of an Advanced Transit System. In several municipalities, systems have been introduced using light rail as AGT urban aesthetics construction. There is high inhibition and civil cases are delayed by more environmentally friendly and accessible remedies. For the purpose of this study, Changwon city would be transformed to have an environmentally friendly transportation system such as a tram with an overview. Features, advantages, and disadvantages are analyzed, and systems are established the existing public transport routes by transfer system. Changwon city's tram plan is first step in open in year 2018, and second step with the opening goal of the year 2021, and the total line length of 33.9 km, the station will be built in the 38 locations. and also in 2011 a feasibility study, evaluated a low economic as B/C to 0.88, but it evaluated the high value of the policy analysis as AHP to 0.502. However, introduction of a tram project that should precede the as following condition. The first step in Changwon city's tram plan would be as follows : The introduction of the tram system would demand traffic management along with a restructuring of the bus system, and the tram system would be selected for domestic realities. Secondly, the introduction of trams would comprehend the advanced traffic composition in accordance with the consensus of the citizenship, and a legal system should be established for the introduction of the trams.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.33-68
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to test the market timing hypothesis and impact of macro economic variables on capital structure choice as well as the traditional static trade-off and pecking order theories of capital structure in a integrated framework. Through a two stage test of target capital structure and capital structure choice, none of theories was consistently supported, but most of them were partly supported. In the first stage analysis of target ratio, coefficients of firm-specific variables generally supported the predictions of pecking order theory rather than those of the static trade-off theory. However, the result of the second stage test on capital structure choice supported the hypothesis of the static trade-off theory, which claims that firms usually set and pursue the target leverage ratio. Further, the result of the seconde stage shows that a simple pecking oder theory does not hold because firms with deficit of internal fund tend to issue bonds rather than stocks to raise outside fund. Also, the result indicates that the market timing hypothesis holds because firms with over-valued stocks tend to issue stocks rather than bonds. However, contrary to Korajczyk and Levy(2003), the impact of macro economic variables such as term or credit spreads on capital structure choice was negligible, and the impact of macro economic and market timing hypothesis variables were not greater in financially unconstrained firms as Korajczyk and Levy(2003) suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.12-21
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• 2013

Fare is critical variable when deciding project feasibility for a monorail system in tour regions. This study aims to estimate optimal fare balancing operators and users. An object of this study is Wolmi-eunha circulation monorail at Jung-Gu, Wolmido in Incheon metropolitan city. This study introduces a stepwise optimization technique to decide relevant fare ranges between operator's cost and user's cost. We found that the optimized station interval is 0.532km, the optimized headway is 0.206hour, optimal number of stations is 12, optimal number of vehicles is 3. Using these optimized variables, minimum user cost and minimum operator cost can be calculated. Optimal fare range is calculated from 1,261 Won to 5,063 Won. It is also found that sightseeing transport system has less sensitivity on access cost because distance differences among sightseeing transport stations located in the tour regions are negligible.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.41-52
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• 2000

In the developing country, the transportation situation is changed very quickly and the transportation environment is not stable. So the transportation planning should be frequently made in considering the limited cost and time. And the traditional large-scale survey(household survey, roadside interview, etc.) has many Problem like the difficulty for doing it and getting mood results. Therefore the study about the method of evaluation on the traffic count based O/D matrix is Processing actively recently. Though the many study for the network in the realistic size are enacted, the study for comparing with the advantage and disadvantage of each method are few. Therefore this study mainly deals with the static method among the existing models of evaluation on the traffic count based O/D matrix(in terms of the transportation plan). Bi-level(GU) and gradient method are selected as main alternative model and analyzed their capability and validity. For testing the reliability of the models, Bi-level(GLS) and gradient method are adapted to toy network. Then we analyze the result of testing, and study the way for large network.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2003

In this study, practical guidelines to check the possibility of some lateral movement of piled abutment were investigated. In these tests, both the depth of soft clay and the rate of embankment construction are chosen to examine the effect on lateral soil movements. The depth of soft clay layer varies from 5.2 m to 11.6 m, and the rate of embankment construction has two types : staged construction(1m/30days, 1m/15days) and instant construction. Various measuring instruments such as LVDTs, strain gauges, pressure cells, and pore pressure transducers are installed in designed positions in ordo. to clarify the soil - pile interaction and the short and long term behavior f3. piled bridge abutments adjacent to surcharge loads. The validity of the proposed guidelines by centrifuge test was compared with the observed performance by lateral movement index, F(Japan Highway Public Corporation) and modified I index(Korea Highway Corporation). Based on the results obtained, the critical values off and modified I, as a practical guidelines, are proposed as 0.03 and 2.0, respectively.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.4 s.30
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• pp.159-179
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• 2006

By using the current road design method that is based on the regulation about structure and facilities standard of the road and the route plan guide of a national road and the alignment optimization road design method which is studied in the inside and outside of country, this study operate the route plan of the sample study and compare and analysis the route character, consequently the current design method has local optimization that is formed the plan by the stage and the section. Alignment optimization road design has the system optimal route search. But cost function has limite that caused by construction parameter that is not included in cost function. So we design a road route included cost function in main fields. As a result, we obtain a realistic and economically road route. The alignment optimization road design model has to be made up some problems, like the change of vertical gradient in the tunnel section, though this defects it has a lot of merits as a geometric design tool, especially in the feasibility study and the scheme design.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.197-221
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• 2020

This study investigates the influence of project-based learning method on the problem-solving ability and communication ability of students taking the 'Reading Guide' course in Library and Information Science(LIS). During this study, two tests measuring students' problem-solving ability and communication ability were conducted, containing 30 items divided into 5 steps of problem-solving processes and 45 items divided into 15 categories of communication ability, respectively. By utilizing the correspondence sample T-test during this study, significant differences were found in the 5 steps problem-solving processes. However, no difference was found between the pre-test and the post-test results in all 15 categories of communication ability. Subsequently, an in-depth interview was conducted, inquiring into the students' perspectives on the difficulty of attending classes, the content of lectures, the appropriateness of assignments, the validity of the evaluation method, the relationship with their team members, and the benefits acquired from completing the projects. Finally, an intensive analysis was conducted in the categories of problem-solving ability and communication ability.