• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.445-447
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• 2004

네트워크 단위로 이동성을 제공하는 네트워크 이동성(NEtwork Mobility, NEMO)프로토콜에서 방문 네트워크(Visited Network)는 이동네트워크의 홈 네트워크(Home Network)를 통해 이동 네트워크(Mobile Network)를 인증한다. 안전한 인증이 이루어지기 위해서 홈 네트워크의 인증 서버와 이동 네트워크간의 사용할 키가 필요하게 된다. 그러나 두 엔터티간 키 협정을 위해 메시지를 주고받는 것은 서비스 에러나 공격에 취약하고 대역폭이나 밧데리 등이 제한적인 무선 환경에서는 적절하지 않다. 많은 키 결정 알고리즘에서 사용되는 공개 키 기반 알고리즘은 이런 무선 환경에 적절하지 않다. 또한 비밀키 선분배 방식은 인증 서버가 자신이 인증해야할 모든 노드와의 키 쌍을 가지고 있어야 한다는 정에서 확장성 문제를 지닌다. 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해, 본 논문에서는 회귀분석을 이용하여 쉽게 노드가 가지고 있는 키를 계산하고, 비밀키 인증서를 이용하여 간편하고 빠르게 인증을 수행할 수 있는 새로운 키 선분배 및 인증 메커니즘을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.7 s.349
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

In this paper, we introduce a novel key management scheme that is based on the key pre-distribution but provides the key re-distribution method, in order to manage keys for message encryption and authentication of lower-layer sensor nodes on hierarchical mobile sensor networks. The characteristics of our key management are as follows: First, the role of key management is distributed to aggregator nodes as well as a sink node, to overcome the weakness of centralized management. Second, a sink node generates keys using regression model, thus it stores only the information for calculating the keys using the key information received from nodes, but does not store the relationship between a node and a key, and the keys themselves. As the disadvantage of existing key pre-distributions, they do not support the key re-distribution after the deployment of nodes, and it is hard to extend the key information in the case that sensor nodes in the network enlarge. Thirdly, our mechanism provides the resilience to node capture(${\lambda}$-security), also provided by the existing key pre-distributions, and fourth offers the key freshness through key re-distribution, key distribution to mobile nodes, and scalability to make up for the weak points in the existing key pre-distributions. Fifth, our mechanism does not fix the relationship between a node and a key, thus supports the anonymity and untraceability of mobile nodes. Lastly, we compare ours with existing mechanisms, and verify our performance through the overhead analysis of communication, computation, and memory.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.7 s.349
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• pp.14-23
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• 2006

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) consists of huge number of sensor nodes which are small and inexpensive with very limited resources. The public key cryptography is undesirable to be used in WSN because of the limitations of the resources. A key management and predistribution techniques are required to apply the symmetric key cryptography in such a big network. Many key predistribution techniques and approaches have been proposed, but most of-them didn't consider the real WSN assumptions, In this paper, we propose a security framework that is based on a hierarchical grid for WSN considering the proper assumptions of the communication traffic and required connectivity. We apply simple keying material distribution scheme to measure the value of our framework. Finally, we provide security analysis for possible security threats in WSN.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06d
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• pp.241-242
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• 2011

SRC 프로토콜은 BCDCP 클러스터 라우팅 기법과 페어와이즈 키와 디지털서명을 이용한 키 분배 프로토콜을 결합한 클러스터링 기반 보안 프로토콜이며, 초기 키 생성 및 분배, 주기적인 키 재 생성, 센서 추가 및 센서 단계로 구성되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 SRC 프로토콜의 한계점인 페어와이즈 키의 선분배를 이용한 보안방법의 개선과 에너지 사용량을 개선하기 위한 초기 키 생성 및 분배단계를 분리하여 초기 키 생성 단계와 분배단계를 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06c
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• pp.334-336
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 계층적인 센서 네트워크에서 하위 센서 노드의 인증이나 센싱된 정보의 암호화를 위해 사용할 수 있는 키를 관리하기 위하여 키 선분배를 기본으로 키 재분배 방법을 제공하는 키 관리 메커니즘을 제안한다. 본 키 관리의 특징은 첫째, 중앙 관리의 약점을 극복하기 위해 키 관리를 다른 aggregator 노드들에 분산시켰다. 둘째, SINK 노드는 키의 재분배를 위한 키 스페이스를 제외하고, 이미 분배된 키에 대해서는 어느 노드에게 어떤 키를 분배했는지 또는 그 키 자체를 저장하지 않고, 키 계산을 위한 일부 정보만 저장하고 있다가 노드가 메시지에 첨부하여 주는 키 정보를 이용해 사용된 키를 간단히 계산하며, 키 풀의 확장이 용이하여 확장성을 제공한다. 마지막으로 계산 및 메모리 측면에서의 오버헤드 분석을 통해 제안된 키 관리의 확장성 제공을 입증한다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.147-152
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• 2016

Wireless sensor networks that are easy to deploy and install are ideal for building a system that monitors the condition of the equipment in a factory environment where wiring is difficult. The ZigBee has characteristics of low price and low power compared with other wireless communication protocols and is suitable for a monitoring system requiring a plurality of nodes. ZigBee communication requires encryption security between devices because all protocol layers are based on OTM trusted by each other. In the communication between nodes, node authentication must be guaranteed and exposure of confidential information managed by each node should be minimized. The facilities of the factory are regular and stationary in distribution location. In order to protect the information gathered from the sensor in the factory environment and the actuator control information connected to the sensor node, we propose a cryptosystem based on the two - dimensional grid - based key distribution method similar to the distribution environment of the facility.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.7
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• pp.553-558
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce a set of structures and algorithms for communication efficient public key revocation in wireless sensor networks. Unlike the traditional networks, wireless sensor network is subjected to resources constraints. Thus, traditional public key revocation mechanisms such like the ordinary certificate revocation list is unsuitable to be used. This unsuitability is due to the huge size of required representation space for the different keys' identifiers and the revocation communication as the set of revoked keys grow. In this work, we introduce two communication-efficient schemes for the certificate revocation. In the first scheme, we utilize the complete subtree mechanism for the identifiers representation which is widely used in the broadcast encryption/user revocation. In the second scheme, we introduce a novel bit vector representation BVS which uses vector of relative identifiers occurrence representation. We introduce different revocation policies and present corresponding modifications of our scheme. Finally, we show how the encoding could reduce the communication overhead as well. Simulation results and comparisons are provided to show the value of our work.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose an Arduino-based plant monitoring system. The proposed system is based on the Arduino platform, using an environmental sensor and a pressure sensor for measuring temperature, humidity and illuminance in order to monitor the state of the environment and the facilities of the plant. Monitoring data are transmitted to a ZigBee coordinator connected to a server through a radio frequency transceiver. When using a pressure sensor and the environment sensor data stored on the host server, checking the pressure in the environment of the plant and equipment is intended to report any alarm status to the administrator. Using a grid line-based key distribution scheme, the authentication node dynamically generates a data key to protect the monitoring information. Applying a ZigBee wireless sensor network does not require additional wiring for the actual implementation of a plant monitoring system. Possible working-environment monitoring of an efficient plant can help analyze the cause of any failure by backtracking the working environment when a failure occurs. In addition, it is easy to expand or add a sensor function using the Arduino platform and an expansion board.