• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2012

Gangform compared with conventional wood and steel form is systemized form which has a capability to install and dismantle form at a time without repeating to assembly and disassembly small members. Gangform compared with ACS has some problems such as 1) Tower Crane load increase, 2) increase in safety incidence during climbing Gangform, 3) decrease in detachment operation productivity, 4) stop work due to climate impacts, and 5) decrease in labor cost, productivity, quality. A conceptual design model of automated Gangform climbing system is suggested for apartment housing construction to show its technical/economic feasibility and workers' safety while increasing operation productivity and concrete quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.169-173
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• 2000

현재 컨테이너 터미널에서 사용되고 있는 하역 장비들은 크게 하역작업을 수행하는 크레인과 컨테이너를 운반하는 트레일러, 컨테이너의 하역상태를 파악하는 모니터링 시스템으로 구분할 수 있다. 각각의 장비들은 수동으로 동작되며, 모니터링 시스템에서는 컨테이너의 위치 및 수량 등을 파악한다. 이런 시스템 하에서는 모든 항만 하역 장비들을 사람이 일일이 수동으로 조작함으로써 많은 인력이 필요하다. 또한, 각 하역장비들의 상태를 평면적인 2차원 화면으로만 보여주므로써 모니터링 시스템에 대한 현실감이 떨어진다. 이와 같은 단점을 보완하기 위해 컨테이너를 자동으로 운반하는 AGV를 도입하고 트랜스퍼 크래인과 컨테이너 크레인의 일부분을 자동화하여 작업능률을 향상시키고, 여기에 3차원으로 표현된 VR 시스템을 도입하여 각 하역장비들에 대한 세세한 동작까지를 모니터링함으로써 사용자가 현장에 있는 것과 유사한 느낌을 가질 수 있도록 하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 3차원 VR시스템과 모형으로 만들어진 AGV와 컨테이너 크레인, 트랜스퍼 크레인간의 유기적인 데이터 송,수신 및 안정적인 통신을 위해 데이터 포맷에 대한 연구를 하였다. 이런 데이터 포맷의 결정은 손실 없는 통신을 보장하며 나아가 정확한 모니터링을 보장할 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.259-263
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• 2010

This paper introduces an integrated vision system that enables us to detect the image of Slabs and Coils and get the complete three dimensional location data without any other obstacles in the field of unmanned-crane automation system. Existing researches with laser scanner tend to be easily influenced by environment in the work place so they cannot give the exact location information. Also, CCD camera has some problems recognize the pattern because of intensity of illumination caused in the industrial setting. To overcome these two weaknesses, this thesis suggests laser scanner should be combined with CCD camera named integrated vision system. This system can draw more clear pictures and take the advanced 3D location information. The suggested system is expected to help build unmanned-crane automation system.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.3 s.99
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• pp.291-298
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• 2005

In this article. the specifications of a future container crane for a 18,000 TEU megaship are investigated After studying the transitions of containerships through the past half century, the characteristics of the past and current container cranes are outlined. together with various research trends throughout the world Upon these results, the size and performance of the container crane that will be used beyond the year 2014 are forecast. Specifically, the structure, trolley and hoist mechanism, control method, outreach. backreach, rail gage, loading capacity, stability, durability, and others are summarized.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.335-336
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• 2007

This paper propose a heuristic method that divides the block into some work regions to operate stacking cranes efficiently in a automated container terminal where the blocks with non-crossing stacking cranes(SC) are laid out in perpendicular to the quay. Typically, fund over between SCS and trucks occur at each side if the blocks, and each if the landside and seaside SCS is responsible for the jobs that occur at its own side. When a container to be fetched is located far from fund over point, the SC should move a long distance and the interference between the two cranes am occur, which decreases the productivity of the SCS. Therefore, our method divides the block into two exclusive and one shared regions and let the containers located far from their fund over points to be transferred to the shared region by the other side crane before they are carried out. Although simple this method am reduce the crane movement and the interference between the two cranes. Simulation experiment shows that our proposed method significantly improves the productivity if the container terminal than previous heuristic that does not divide work regions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.359-367
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• 2005

In order to increase the productivity of container terminals, automation is being considered seriously in nowadays. A yard is usually automated by running autumated RMGs (rail mounted gantries) which may require somewhat a different stacking strategy to archive a better performance. In this paper, we present a simulation model for RMGs and summarize experimental results with two different stacking strategies applied to a horizontal block which has two non-crossable RMGs. The concentrating strategy, which stacks containers belong to a single ship together and dedicateds each RMG to either ship services or external truck services, showed a good performance in ship unloading. In the contrast, the distributing strategy, which partitions a block into two regions and binds each RMG to one of the regions to improve the productivity of ship services by running each RMG alternately, is suggested for blocks of exporting.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

This paper describes the method of efficient container number recognition in colored container image with number plate at ATC(Automatic Transfer Crane) in container terminal yard. At the Sinseondae terminal gate in Busan, the container number recognition system is installed by "intelligent port-logistics system technology development", that is government research and development project. It is the method that it sets up the tunnel structure inside camera on the gate and it recognizes the container number in order to recognize the export container cargo automatically. However, as the automation equipment is introduced to the container terminal and the unmanned of a task is gradually accomplished, the container number recognition system for the confirmation of the object of work is required at ATC in container terminal yard. Therefore, the container number recognition system fitted for it is necessary for ATC in container terminal yard in which there are many intrusive of the character recognition through image including a sunlight, rain, snow, shadow, and etc. unlike the gate. In this paper, hardware components of the camera, illumination, and sensor lamp were altered and software elements of an algorithm were changed. that is, the difference of the brightness of the surrounding environment, and etc. were regulated for recognize a container number. Through this, a shadow problem, and etc. that it is thickly below hung with the sunlight or the cargo equipment were solved and the recognition time was shortened and the recognition rate was raised.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.1129-1132
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• 1995

Recently, the concept of automation is widely in shipping and unloading materials using the overhead crane for the enhanced productivity. In this regards, we designed an overhead crane that can be operated by operated by computer control system and installed this system at KAERI. In this paper, we introduce algorithms to find the 3D position, diameter, width, and rotated angle of objects such as drum, coil, and container. And the performance of the presented algorithms is tested using drum and container. The result will be useful for positoning grapple device such as spreader to objects in order to automatically grasp them.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.133-134
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• 2011

While researches related with construction automation have dramatically increased, a Robot-based Automatic Construction system (RCA system) has developed for high-rise buildings in Korea. At the aspect that wide adoption of the RCA system is dependent on economic efficiency comparing with a conventional method, feasibility study on the RCA system should be implemented. However, due to practical limitations, the RCA system has tested to a seven story building. Based on the test results, this study implements a cost/benefits analysis to a simulated forty story building in order to derive more reliable data on the RCA system's practicability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.1743-1746
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• 2003

Automated Container Terminals have been being developed over the world for many recent years and more and more countries get interested in it because the amount of containers exported or imported is steeply increasing. Existed Container Terminals were not designed to control this kind of heavily many containers. They would face many structural problems soon or later, although they have managed to do well until now. One of the most important things in developing Automated Container Terminal is to develop the equipment able to transfer the awfully many containers. Those are maybe Automated Transfer Cranes, Automated Guided Vehicles, and Automated Quay-Side Cranes. The word "Automated" means the equipment is operated without drivers and those equipments are able to work without taking any break. Through the researches on the existed transfer cranes, authors decided that the structure of existed transfer cranes is not proper to swift and fast transfer and it′s not impossible to handle so many containers in limited time. Therefore authors have been studying on the proper structure of the Automated Container Crane for past several years and a new type of transfer crane has been developed. Design concepts and control methods of a new crane will be introduced in this paper.