• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2002

There are many image segmentation methods having been published as the results of research so far, but it is difficult to be partitioned to each similar range that should be extracted into the accurate parameters of image information on the images with noises. Also if it is used to fractal coding, according to amount of noise in image, the image segmentation leads to decreasing of the compression ratio. In this paper, we propose the new quad-tree image segmentation using the box-counting dimension which can estimate the effective image information parameters against the noise properties and apply this method to fractal image coding. As the result of simulation, we confirm that the image segmentation is improved to 31.10% for parameter detection of image information and compression ratio is enhanced to 38.93% for fractal image coding when tested on 10% Gaussian white noise image by the proposed quad-tree method compared with method using existing quad-tree. 

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.549-552
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• 2001

실시간 랜더링은 가상 공간과 사용자가 상호작용이 가능함을 말한다. 이런 실시간 랜더링 기법 중에서 옥트리는 보이지 않는 면을 검출함(Back Face Culling)에 있어서 매우 유용하다. 그러나 지형처럼 데이터가 끊임없이 이어져서 연속적이라면 사용자의 시점이 가상 공간을 벗어나 새로운 영역을 참조하려고 할 때에 옥트리는 새로운 공관을 표현함에 있어서 실시간을 지원하지 못한다. 이러한 옥트리의 공간 분할 작업을 미리 계산해서 저장하고 실시간 랜더링시에는 창조하도록 하되 전처리된 옥트리가 하나의 셀이 되어 다수의 옥트리 셀을 묶어 쿼드트리를 구성하고 카메라에 보이는 옥트리들을 결정하기 위해서 삼각형의 포함 알고리즘을 적용하여 연속적인 공간 데이터의 실시간 랜더링을 구현하였다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.485-491
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• 2012

This paper proposes 'Coding Unit Tree' based on quadtree efficiently with motion vector to represent splitting information of a Coding Unit (CU) in HEVC. The new international video coding, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), adopts various techniques and new unit concept: CU, Prediction Unit (PU), and Transform Unit (TU). The basic coding unit, CU is larger than macroblock of H.264/AVC and it splits to process image-based quadtree with a hierarchical structure. However, in case that there are complex motions in CU, the more signaling bits with motion information need to be transmitted. This structure provides a flexibility and a base for a optimization, but there are overhead about splitting information. This paper analyzes those signals and proposes a new algorithm which removes those redundancy. The proposed algorithm utilizes a type code, a dominant value, and residue values at a node in quadtree to remove the addition bits. Type code represents a structure of an image tree and the two values represent a node value. The results show that the proposed algorithm gains 13.6% bit-rate reduction over the HM-1.0.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.625-630
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• 2016

Recently, various types of image contents are being produced, and interest in copyright protection technology is increasing. In this paper, we propose an image encryption technology for color images. This technique divides the image into RGB color components and then performs quad-tree decomposition based on the edge of image. After the quad-tree partitioning, encryption is performed on the selected blocks. Encryption is performed on color components to measure encryption efficiency, and encryption efficiency is measured even after reconstitution into a color image. The encryption efficiency uses a visual measurement method and an objective image quality evaluation method. The PSNR values were measured as 7~10 dB for color difference components and 16~19 dB for color images. The proposed image encryption technology will be used to protect copyright of various digital image contents in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.01a
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• pp.261-264
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 SR(Super-Resolution)을 계산하는데 필요한 데이터를 효율적으로 분류하고 분할하여 빠르게 SR연산을 가능하게 하는 쿼드트리 기반 최적화 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 입력 데이터로 사용하는 연기 데이터를 다운스케일링(Downscaling)하여 쿼드트리 연산 소요 시간을 감소시키며, 이때 연기의 밀도를 이진화함으로써, 다운스케일링 과정에서 밀도가 손실되는 문제를 피한다. 학습에 사용된 데이터는 COCO 2017 Dataset이며, 인공신경망은 VGG19 기반 네트워크를 사용한다. 컨볼루션 계층을 거칠 때 데이터의 손실을 막기 위해 잔차(Residual)방식과 유사하게 이전 계층의 출력 값을 더해주며 학습한다. 결과적으로 제안하는 방법은 이전 결과 기법에 비해 약15~18배 정도의 속도향상을 얻었다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2011

This paper presents an interactive progressive image transmission method, which enables a remote user to interactively select and transmit preferred regions from an index image. Our enhanced quadtree decomposition using PSNR-based rules and new implicit quadtree coding provide better rate-distortion performance than previous quadtree coders as well as leading bit plane methods. An adaptive traversal of child nodes is introduced for better visual display of restored images. Depth-first traversal combined with breadth-first traversal of the quadtree to accomplish interactive transmission as presented, results in a method that provides competitive performance at a low level of computational complexity. Moreover, our decoding requires only simple arithmetic which is enabling our method to be used for real-time mobile applications.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.2359-2362
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 효과적으로 블록 크기를 변화시키는 움직임 예측에 대하여 제시하고 있다 블록안의 움직임의 정도에 따라 블록 크기를 채택하는 방식으로, 임의의 프레임에서의 블록의 수는 정확한 움직임을 나타내기 위해 변화된다. 이것은 움직임과 보충적인 데이터사이의 비트할당이 가변적이 되고, 프레임에 기초한 전체적인 비트율 역시 변화하게 된다. 특히, 본 논문은 동적 블록 크기 방법의 대표적인 쿼드 트리(quad fee) 방법의 단점을 보완하는 방향에서 연구되었으며, 성능 향상을 위한 새로운 방법도 아울러 덧붙여져 있다. 즉, 보통 사용하는 쿼드 트리 방식의 분할 대신에 각각의 쿼드 부분의 프레임 차를 이용하여 가장 큰 블록의 동질성 테스트를 실시하여 분할한다. 또한, 분할과 재결합 방식을 함께 적용하여 불필요한 블록의 개수가 많아지는 것을 방지하여, 큰 계산량 감소와 높은 이미지 질을 달성하도록 하였다. 자연히, 계산량은 기존 방법보다 약 20-70％ 정도 감소했으며, 이미지 질도 크게 향상되는 결과를 가져오게 되었다

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.2 s.302
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

There are many image segmentation methods having bon published as the results of research so far, however these are for the noise images which can process an image under the general white noise environments. Therefore, these methods has the disadvantages because it is difficult to extract only the accurate parameters, which can distinguish between image and impulsive noise, from image with impulsive noises. So it has a problem about the potential decreasing of the performance according to the impulsive noise for all applications using the present quadtree segmentation. In this paper, we propose new quadtree segmentation using quartile deviation which can extract effectively the image information parameters from a noise image. Therefore our method can apply for various image processing fields because it has a advantage to distinguish an image information from noise image. As the result of simulation, we confirm that the proposed quadtree segmentation is more efficient than the present method when tested on impulsive noise image.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1176-1182
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• 2021

Recently, with the development of artificial intelligence and IoT technology, automation, and unmanned work are progressing in various fields, and the importance of image processing, which is the basis of AI object recognition, is increasing. In particular, in systems that require detailed data processing, noise removal is used as a preprocessing step, but the existing algorithm does not consider the noise level of the image, so it has the disadvantage of blurring in the filtering process. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a modified Gaussian filter that determines the weight by determining the noise level of the image. The proposed algorithm obtains the noise estimate for the AWGN of the image using quadtree segmentation, determines the Gaussian weight and the pixel weight, and obtains the final output by convolution with the local mask. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, it was simulated compared to the existing method, and superior performance was confirmed compared to the existing method.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.257-273
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• 2004

In stereoscopic or multi-view three dimensional display systems, the synthesis of intermediate sequences is inevitably needed to assure look-around capability and continuous motion parallax so that it could enhance comfortable 3D perception. The quadtree-based disparity estimation is one of the most remarkable methods for synthesis of Intermediate sequences due to the simplicity of its algorithm and hardware implementation. In this paper, we propose two ideas in order to reduce the annoying flicker at the object boundaries of synthesized intermediate sequences by quadtree-based disparity estimation. First, new split-scheme provides more consistent auadtree-splitting during the disparity estimation. Secondly, adaptive temporal smoothing using correlation between present frame and previous one relieves error of disparity estimation. Two proposed Ideas are tested by using several stereoscopic sequences, and the annoying flickering is remarkably reduced by them.