• Title/Summary/Keyword: 코막힘

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Sleep Disordered Breathing and Nasal Obstruction (수면호흡장애와 코막힘)

  • Chung, Yoo-Sam
    • Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.93-97
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    • 2005
  • Nasal obstruction may cause or aggravate sleep disordered breathing but exact pathogenesis is not clear. The possible mechanism could be combination of alteration in upper airway aerodynaimcs, loss of nasal reflex or sensation, effect of mouth opening, and a genetic predisposition. Anatomical narrowing of nasal airway cause more rapid airflow and induce more negative inspiratory air pressure. So, it increases collapsibility of pharyngeal airway. Loss of nasal sensation to airflow block nasal reflex. Mouth opening decreases the activity of pharyngeal airway dilator muscles and narrowing the pharyngeal airway may occur. The treatment of nasal obstruction should be done according to the cause. The causes of nasal obstruction are various from problems of external nasal opening to nasopharynx. Relief of nasal obstruction may not cure sleep disordered breathing always. In some mild obstructive sleep apnea patients, treatment of nasal obstruction only may cure sleep disordered breathing. In some severe sleep apnea patients, treatment of nasal obstruction may increase compliance of continous nasal positive airway pressure.

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Factors Related to Patients' Satisfaction Level of Treatment Outcome of Oral Malodor (구취치료 후 만족도에 영향을 미치는 예견인자)

  • Lee, Jeong-Yun;Kho, Hong-Seop;Kim, Young-Ku;Chung, Sung-Chang;Lee, Sung-Woo
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.27-38
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    • 2001
  • 본 연구에서는 환자들에 의해 구취와 관련이 있다고 일반적으로 믿어지고 있는 여러 요인들이 치료 후의 환자의 만족도에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아봄으로써 환자의 만족도의 예후를 판단할 수 있는 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 서울대학교 치과병원 구강진단과에 구취를 주소로 내원한 환자 194명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 구취와 관련성이 있는 것으로 알려져 있는 항목들을 조사하였다. 조사 항목으로는 1) 본인확인가능여부, 2) 타인확인가능 여부, 3) 구취의 기간, 4) 구취의 빈도, 5) 축농증, 6) 비염, 7) 코수술 병력, 8) 콧물이 목뒤로 넘어감, 9) 코막힘, 10) 비호흡 곤란, 11) 구강건조감, 12) 편도선부종, 13) 가래, 14) 신물의 역류, 15) 소화불량, 16) 흡연여부가 포함되었다. 구취의 평가는 portable sulfide monitor인 $Halimeter^{(R)}$(Interscan Co., Chatsworth, CA, USA)를 이용하여 치료 전, 후에 각각 측정하였고, 혀배면의 세정, 치면 세균막 조절, 0.25% $ZnCl_2$ 양치액의 사용을 내용으로 하는 구취의 치료를 시행한 뒤 자신의 구취개선정도에 대해 %로 질문하여 치료 후 만족도를 조사하였다. 각 조사 항목과 치료 후 만족도 사이의 상관관계 및 실제 $Halimeter^{(R)}$ 수치의 개선정도와 만족도 사이의 상관관계를 분석하였으며, Symptom Checklist - 90 Revised(SCL-90R)의 분석결과에 따라 환자를 두 그룹으로 분류하고 두 그룹 사이의 치료 후 만족도의 차이를 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 본인 및 타인 확인가능여부, 구취가 항상 나는지 여부, 구취의 기간, 축농증, 비염, 코수술 병력, 코막힘, 비호흡 곤란, 콧물이 목뒤로 넘어감, 흡연여부에 따른 치료 후 만족도의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 2. 신물의 역류(p=0.003), 소화불량(p=0.007), 구강건조감(p=0.016), 편도선 부종(p=0.018), 가래(p=0.033)에 따른 치료 후 만족도는 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 차이를 보였다. 3. $Halimeter^{(R)}$ 수치의 개선정도와 만족도 사이의 유의한 상관관계는 관찰되지 않았다(r=0.092, p=0.201).

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Relationships between Respiratory Diseases and Safety of Pediatric Dental Sedation (소아의 호흡기 질환과 안전한 치과진정법의 연관성)

  • Chung, Woojin;Jeong, Taesung
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.327-330
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    • 2015
  • The safety and success of dental sedation for children depend mainly on respiratory status of patients. A special condition, that is, nasal breathing in supine position with their oral airway blocked by rubber dam, should be considered. Therefore, irrespective of medical consultation, pediatric dentists themselves should do respiratory assessment especially adenotonsillar hypertrophy, nasal obstruction, posterior nasal drainage and airway hypersensitivity. Patients with sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, snoring and OSAS(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome) can induce the sedation failure and complete management of these can improve the safety of dental sedation.

Hydraulic and structural interaction of a double-lined tunnel lining due to drainhole blockings (이중구조 라이닝의 배수공 막힘에 따른 수리-역학적 상호작용)

  • Shin, Jong-Ho;Nam, Taek-Soo;Chae, Sung-Eun;Yoon, Jae-Ung
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.243-254
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    • 2009
  • Tunnel problems relate to pore water pressure generally occur due to the restriction of groundwater flow into the tunnel which is generally caused by the deterioration of drainage systems. Previous studies have identified the problem as combined mechanical and hydraulic interaction occasions. In this study, detrimental effects of pore water pressure on the lining were investigated using the finite element method considering deterioration of the drainage system. Particularly, double-lined linings with drain-holes are considered. Deterioration of drainage system is represented as blockages of drain-holes. It is identified that the secondary lining ran be influenced by the deterioration of drainage system. It is shown that a tunnel with all drain-holes blocked moved upward, and unbalanced drain-hole blocking may result in torsional behavior of the tunnel which causes significant damages to the secondary linings.

Statistical Analysis of Subjective Symptoms of Respiratory Disease and Factors Related to Prevalent Status among Dental Technicians (치과기공사의 호흡기 질환 자각증상과 유병상태 관련 요인)

  • Oh, Seon-Mi;Kwon, Eun-Ja
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.11 no.10
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    • pp.355-369
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the subjective symptoms of respiratory disease and factors related to prevalent status among dental technicians by analyzing the questionnaire data from 300 dental technicians in Seoul and GyeongGi-Do, using SPSS WIN 18.0 program. The results are followings; 1. There were significant differences among subjects in the normal complaints rate for cough by presence smoking, total career, and work days per week. 2. There was significant difference among subjects in the normal complaints rate for sputum only by work days per week.(P<0.05) 3. There were significant differences among subjects in the normal complaints rate for continuance of sputum or congestion by work days per week and required measures for improvement in pain. 4. There were significant differences among subjects in the normal complaints rates for blocked nose and coryza by sex, age, work days per week and average length of breaking time during working (P<0.05). 5. There were significant differences among subjects in the normal complaints rates for shortness of breath by sex, exercise frequency, average length of exercise, main job. 6. There was significant difference among subjects in the experience rate due to symptom of pulmonary disease only by main job.(P<0.05).

Analysis and risk assessment of formaldehyde in water from water purification plant in korea (국내 정수장 먹는 물 중 폼알데히드 함유실태 조사 및 위해성 평가 연구)

  • Chae, Hyojin;Kim, Hyun Ku;Kim, Seungki;Pyo, Heesoo;Hong, Jongki
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.386-394
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    • 2009
  • Formaldehyde is used in lether manufacture, a dry plate and an explosive. It is by-product of ozonizing process in filtration plant. The effects of exposure are eye pruritus, tickle, runing nose, blocking nasal passages and headache. It also makes a dried throat and causes inflammation. It is classified as B1 group for inhalation by US. EPA, which can cause cancer in human. For analysis of formaldehyde, formaldehydes-DNPH derivative was extracted with solid cartridge and was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Diode Array Detector (HPLC/DAD). The detection limit was $3{\mu}g/L$ and the recoveries were 72.3~109.1% (RSD 2.9~11.5%). Water samples were collected in four Korean rivers, four times per year seasonally for 10 years from 1998 to 2007. The monitoring results were 48.8% (630/1291), $5.15{\sim}101.9{\mu}g/L$ in purified water. Because of non-carcinogen in drinking water, hazard index is calculated with RfD. Results of excess cnacer risk was below 1 and was considered as safe value.

Relationship Between the Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis and Ocular Symptoms for Children in New Built School (신축된 초등학교 학생에서 눈 자각 증상과 알레르기 증상과의 관계)

  • Sim, Jeonggu;Kim, Ho-Hyun;Lee, Yong-Won;Lim, Young-Wook;Park, Ju-Hee;Kim, Kwang-Jin;Kim, Hyojin
    • Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.457-467
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    • 2012
  • Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between ocular and allergy symptoms in children by environmental pollutants emitted from new constructed building. Methods: Two different types of survey (6-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire and Ocular Surface Disease Index) were used to study dry eye syndromes and ocular subjective symptoms for a six-grade of elementary school students (54 males and 61 females) in newly built buildings in the past three month, located near capital city, Seoul. Atopy and medical history of allergic rhinitis were investigated with using questionnaire for allergy, and also nose itchiness and ocular symptoms were checked as visual analog scale(10-score) with using questionnaire of allergy rhinitis and conjunctivitis under the guideline of ARIA(Allergic Rhinitis Impacts on Asthma). Results: Fifty seven students (50%) from DEQ and 19 students (16.52%) from OSDI were diagnosed as dry eye, and 18 students (15.79%) were diagnosed as dry eye from both questionnaires. It was surveyed that 45 students (39.5%) and 29 students (25.4%) had atopy and allergy rhinitis, respectively. Among 45 students having atopy, 30 students and 8 students were diagnosed as dry eye with using DEQ and OSDI, respectively. And also, 22 students were diagnosed as dry eye by DEQ and 5 students were diagnosed as dry eye by OSDI from 29 students having allergy rhinitis. Among 29 students having both medical history atopy and allergy rhinitis, 15 students detected observable ocular symptom. The complicating allergy symptoms with ocular syndrome were arranged with sneeze, nose itchiness, nose stuffiness, and runny nose in order of frequency. As students recognized eye symptoms, the number of allergy found and student's number were increased proportionally. Conclusions: It was found that children's subjective ocular symptoms were confirmed in the environment as newly built building. The number of student for dry eye was proportionally increased to students having atopy and allergy symptoms.

New tunnel reinforcement method using pressurized cavity expansion concept (천공홀 가압 팽창 개념을 도입한 터널 보조 신공법 연구)

  • Cho, In-Sung;Park, Jeong-Jun;Kim, Jong-Sun;Lee, In-Mo
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.407-416
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    • 2010
  • A new tunnel auxiliary method is proposed in this paper which utilizes the concept of cavity expansion for tuunel reinforcement by forming an umbrella arch on the roof of tunnel. When an inflatable pipe is inserted and expanded by pressure in the bore hole of umbrella arch, the ground around the bore hole can be compacted so that the stress condition above the tunnel perimeter is favorably changed. In order to verify the reinforcement effect of new concept, pilot-scale chamber test, trapdoor test and numerical analysis were performed and compared. In pilot-scale chamber test, three types of inflatable pipes are tested to verify the capability of expansion, and the results arc compared with analytical results obtained by applying cavity expansion theory and with results obtained from finite clement analysis, and the experimental results showed agreeable matches with analytical and numerical ones. Numerical analysis of a tunnel and trapdoor test applied with the inflatable pipes are also performed to figure out the reinforcement effect of the proposed techniques, and the results implied that the new method with 3 directional inflatable pipe (no pressure to downward direction) can contribute to reduce tunnel convergence and face settlement.

Clinical Presentation and Prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Infants Aged ≤90 Days: Insights for Management During Outbreaks

  • Hye Jeong Moon;Mi Seon Han;Kyung Min Kim;Kyung Jin Oh;Ju Young Chang;Seong Yong Lee;Ji Eun Choi
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.84-90
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: Infants aged ≤90 days with fever are susceptible to severe infections. This study aimed to analyze the clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in this particular age group. Methods: Infants aged ≤90 days who were diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hospitalized between March 1, 2020, and May 1, 2022 were included. Medical records of patients were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 105 infants with COVID-19 were included; 27 (25.7%) neonates aged <28 days, and 48 (45.7%) and 30 (28.6%) infants aged 28-59 days and 60-90 days, respectively. Five (4.7%) patients remained asymptomatic and 68 (62.8%) were febrile, with a median fever duration of 2 days. The most common symptoms were respiratory including cough (66.6%), nasal stuffiness (51.4%), and rhinorrhea (40.9%). Blood cultures were performed in 10 infants but no organisms were detected. Cultures of bag-collected urine specimens from 8 infants were grown, resulting in positive growth for 2 without pyuria. Nine (8.6%) infants were treated with empirical antibiotics for a median duration of 2.3 days (range, 1-7 days). All 105 infants showed improvement without any complications, and there were no fatal cases. Conclusions: In this study, most infants aged ≤90 days with COVID-19 presented with mild symptoms and none of those evaluated had documented bacterial co-infection. The favorable prognosis among young infants with SARS-CoV-2 may aid clinicians in tailoring their approach to evaluation and management during outbreaks.