• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.377-382
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• 2005

This paper deals with productivity improvement of stevedoring system by pooling opertaions of transport vehicle at automated container terminal. Usually, in traditional container terminals, grouping operations of transport vehicle are applied for container crane because vehicle routing path is simple and vehicle assignment is easy. But this static assignment(SA) operation that arrsign vehicles to container crane ar apron reduces flexibility of vehicles. Therefore, This paper presented 4 dynamic assignment(DA) method to improve efficiency of vehicles. These 4 dynamic assignment method consider present situations of container crane such as sequence(Se), queue time(Qt), productivity(Pr), numeric of vehicle assignment(Nv), numeric of buffer(Nb) at vehicles assignment. At the results, dynamic assignment operation to consider Qt, Nv, Nb is most efficient and by next time, dynamic assignment operation to consider Se is superior more than static assignment operation. but, dynamic assignment operation to consider Pr or Qt of container crane only is inefficient than static assignment operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.52-54
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• 2011

모바일 하버는 해상에서 대형 컨테이너선과 연결 후 고속으로 정밀하게 컨테이너를 상 하역해 부두로 이송하는 신개념 해상 운송수단이며, 이 모바일 하버의 자동 Docking시스템은 파도와 바람의 끊임없이 움직이는 두 부유체를 안전하고 신속하게 측면으로 밀착해 일정 거리를 유지하여 컨테이너의 상 하역을 안전하게 도와주는 장치로서, 자동 Docking시스템의 주요 핵심 시스템을 소개하고자 한다. 부두나 항구에 정박하는 선박들의 안전하고 빠른 계류 활용을 위한 안벽 계류 시스템으로 경인항 부두에 응용한다면 효율적인 항구 운용, 선박 및 여객선의 빠르고 안전한 계류, 신항만 운용 기술의 선구자 역할을 담당할 것으로 사료되며, 적절하고 효과적인 활용방안에 대해 언급하고자 한다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.1 s.117
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• pp.55-64
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• 2007

In general mechanical servo systems, friction deteriorates the performance of controllers by its nonlinear characteristics. Especially, friction phenomenon causes steady-state tracking errors and limit cycles in position and velocity control systems, even though gains of controllers are tuned well in linear system model. Even if sensor is used higher accuracy level, it is difficult to improve tracking performance of the position to the same level with a general control method such as PID type. Therefore, many friction models were proposed and compensation methods have been researched actively. In this paper, we consider that the variation of mover's mass is various by loading and unloading. The normal force variation occurs by it and other parameters. Therefore, the proposed control system is composed of main position controller and a friction compensator. A parameter estimator for a nonlinear friction model is designed by adaptive control law and adaptive backstepping control method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2023

The automation of container terminals is an important factor that determines port competitiveness, and global advanced ports tend to strengthen their competitiveness through container terminal automation. The operational efficiency of the AGV, which is an essential transport equipment of the automated terminal, can improve the productivity of the automated terminal. The operation of AGVs in automated container terminals differs from that of conventional container terminals, as it is based on an automated system in which AGVs travel along designated paths and operate according to assigned tasks, requiring consideration of factors such as workload, congestion, and collisions. To prevent such problems and improve the efficiency of AGV operations, a more sophisticated model is necessary. Thus, this paper proposes an AGV scheduling model that takes into account the AGV travel path and task assignment within the terminal The model prevent the problem of deadlock and. various cases are generated by changing AGV algebra and number of tasks to create AGV driving situations and evaluate the proposed algorithm through algorithm and optimization analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.276-277
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• 2010

This paper deals with energy storage system for saving the energy of RTGC(rubber tired gantry crane). Advantage and disadvantage of battery, super-capacitor, and flywheel as an energy storage system were surveyed. Even if a flywheel energy storage system includes some problems such as manufacturing technique and high price, it is surveyed with a promising energy storage system In addition, RTGCs using battery or flywheel as the energy storage system were quantitatively presented through a survey of literatures. It was found that the both RTGC with those systems can reduced the waste of energy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.405-413
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• 2006

In general mechanical servo systems, friction deteriorates the performance of controllers by its nonlinear characteristics. Especially, friction phenomenon causes steady-state tracking errors and limit cycles in position and velocity control systems, even though gains of controllers are tuned well in linear system model. Even if sensor is used higher accuracy level, it is difficult to improve tracking performance of the position to the same level with a general control method such as PID type. Therefore, many friction models were proposed and compensation methods have been researched actively. In this paper, we consider that the variation of mover's mass is various by loading and unloading. The normal force variation occurs by it an other parameters. Therefore, the proposed control system is composed of main position controller and a friction compensator. A parameter estimator for a nonlinear friction model is designed by adaptive control law and adaptive backstepping control method.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.243-250
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• 1998

This study is to find subjects for the Automated Container Terminal(ACT) development and container terminal system. Also we analyze the present condition of the container terminal system in Pusan port and its automation level by systems approach. And this paper aims at evaluating on the priority of R&D investment until the beginning of the second stage of New Pusan Port Project(2006). In this process we have considered 8 evaluation indexes(cost, labor, area, time, volume, reliability. safety, convenience) to analyze 6 subsystems. The priority of R&D until target year by sub-systems is as follow: 1. Cargo Handing System, 2. Transfer System, 3. Port Entry System, 4. Storage System (Distribution & Manufacturing System included), 5.Inland Transport System, 6.Port Management & Information System.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.289-295
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• 2004

The objective of this paper is to analyze the equipment combination of stevedoring system at port container terminal. In general, the productivity of container terminal is evaluated by productivity of container cranes at apron, but there are other equipment such as transport vehicles and yard cranes. Therefore, a method that can estimate the optimal equipment combination of stevedoring system in container terminal is required. We perform various simulation experiment and analyze equipment combination to improve the productivity. From the application of the case study, we demonstrated the savings effect using mean waiting time rates by the equipment combination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.345-352
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of two yard layout of HSS at container terminal, one is that the container yard blocks are placed horizontally in parallel with berth, the other is that the yard blocks are arranged vertically in perpendicular to the berth. In stevedoring system of container terminal, stacking and transport performance are influenced according to block arrangement type of yard. Therefore, efficient design that can improve stacking and transport performance is required. In this paper, we compared their efficiency of two block arrangement concepts in terms of storage capacity, productivity, facility investments, truck service level.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2010

A container terminal productivity is maximized by a minimized time for processing containers. So, we have been elevated the container terminal productivity through an improvement of computing system, but there are a limitation because of problems for transportation management and method. A Y/T(Yard Tractor), which is a representative transportation, is able to do only one process, loading or unloading, at one time. So if the Y/T can do loading and unloading step by step at a same time, the processing time would be shortened. In this paper, we proposed an effective operating process of Y/T(Yard Tractor) Multi-Cycle System by applying RTLS(Real Time Location System) to Y/T(Yard Tractor) in order to improve the process of loading and unloading at the container terminal. For this, we described Multi-Cycle System. This system consists of a real time location of Y/T based on RTLS, an indicating of Y/T location in real time with GIS technology, and an algorithm(Dijkstra's algorithm) of the shortest distance. And we used the system in container terminal process and could improve the container terminal productivity. As the result of simulation for the proposed system in this paper, we could verify that 9% of driving distance was reduced compared with the existing rate and 19% of driving distance was reduced compared with the maximum rate. Consequently, we could find out the container performance is maximized.