• Title/Summary/Keyword: 커버리지 알고리즘

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A CNV detection algorithm based on statistical analysis of the aligned reads (정렬된 리드의 통계적 분석을 기반으로 하는 CNV 검색 알고리즘)

  • Hong, Sang-Kyoon;Hong, Dong-Wan;Yoon, Jee-Hee;Kim, Baek-Sop;Park, Sang-Hyun
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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    • v.16D no.5
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    • pp.661-672
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    • 2009
  • Recently it was found that various genetic structural variations such as CNV(copy number variation) exist in the human genome, and these variations are closely related with disease susceptibility, reaction to treatment, and genetic characteristics. In this paper we propose a new CNV detection algorithm using millions of short DNA sequences generated by giga-sequencing technology. Our method maps the DNA sequences onto the reference sequence, and obtains the occurrence frequency of each read in the reference sequence. And then it detects the statistically significant regions which are longer than 1Kbp as the candidate CNV regions by analyzing the distribution of the occurrence frequency. To select a proper read alignment method, several methods are employed in our algorithm, and the performances are compared. To verify the superiority of our approach, we performed extensive experiments. The result of simulation experiments (using a reference sequence, build 35 of NCBI) revealed that our approach successfully finds all the CNV regions that have various shapes and arbitrary length (small, intermediate, or large size).

Introduction and Evaluation of the Production Method for Chlorophyll-a Using Merging of GOCI-II and Polar Orbit Satellite Data (GOCI-II 및 극궤도 위성 자료를 병합한 Chlorophyll-a 산출물 생산방법 소개 및 활용 가능성 평가)

  • Hye-Kyeong Shin;Jae Yeop Kwon;Pyeong Joong Kim;Tae-Ho Kim
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.39 no.6_1
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    • pp.1255-1272
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    • 2023
  • Satellite-based chlorophyll-a concentration, produced as a long-term time series, is crucial for global climate change research. The production of data without gaps through the merging of time-synthesized or multi-satellite data is essential. However, studies related to satellite-based chlorophyll-a concentration in the waters around the Korean Peninsula have mainly focused on evaluating seasonal characteristics or proposing algorithms suitable for research areas using a single ocean color sensor. In this study, a merging dataset of remote sensing reflectance from the geostationary sensor GOCI-II and polar-orbiting sensors (MODIS, VIIRS, OLCI) was utilized to achieve high spatial coverage of chlorophyll-a concentration in the waters around the Korean Peninsula. The spatial coverage in the results of this study increased by approximately 30% compared to polar-orbiting sensor data, effectively compensating for gaps caused by clouds. Additionally, we aimed to quantitatively assess accuracy through comparison with global chlorophyll-a composite data provided by Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) and GlobColour, along with in-situ observation data. However, due to the limited number of in-situ observation data, we could not provide statistically significant results. Nevertheless, we observed a tendency for underestimation compared to global data. Furthermore, for the evaluation of practical applications in response to marine disasters such as red tides, we qualitatively compared our results with a case of a red tide in the East Sea in 2013. The results showed similarities to OC-CCI rather than standalone geostationary sensor results. Through this study, we plan to use the generated data for future research in artificial intelligence models for prediction and anomaly utilization. It is anticipated that the results will be beneficial for monitoring chlorophyll-a events in the coastal waters around Korea.

Automatic Extraction Method of Control Point Based on Geospatial Web Service (지리공간 웹 서비스 기반의 기준점 자동추출 기법 연구)

  • Lee, Young Rim
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2014
  • This paper proposes an automatic extraction method of control point based on Geospatial Web Service. The proposed method consists of 3 steps. 1) The first step is to acquires reference data using the Geospatial Web Service. 2) The second step is to finds candidate control points in reference data and the target image by SURF algorithm. 3) By using RANSAC algorithm, the final step is to filters the correct matching points of candidate control points as final control points. By using the Geospatial Web Service, the proposed method increases operation convenience, and has the more extensible because of following the OGC Standard. The proposed method has been tested for SPOT-1, SPOT-5, IKONOS satellite images and has been used military standard data as reference data. The proposed method yielded a uniform accuracy under RMSE 5 pixel. The experimental results proved the capabilities of continuous improvement in accuracy depending on the resolution of target image, and showed the full potential of the proposed method for military purpose.

A Mesh Router Placement Scheme for Minimizing Interference in Indoor Wireless Mesh Networks (실내 무선 메쉬 네트워크에서의 간섭 최소화를 위한 메쉬 라우터 배치 기법)

  • Lee, Sang-Hwan
    • Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.421-426
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    • 2010
  • Due to the ease of deployment and the extended coverage, wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are gaining popularity and research focus. For example, the routing protocols that enhance the throughput on the WMNs and the link quality measurement schemes are among the popular research topics. However, most of these works assume that the locations of the mesh routers are predetermined. Since the operators in an Indoor mesh network can determine the locations of the mesh routers by themselves, it is essential to the WMN performance for the mesh routers to be initially placed by considering the performance issues. In this paper, we propose a mesh router placement scheme based on genetic algorithms by considering the characteristics of WMNs such as interference and topology. There have been many related works that solve similar problems such as base station placement in cellular networks and gateway node selection in WMNs. However, none of them actually considers the interference to the mesh clients from non-associated mesh routers in determining the locations of the mesh routers. By simulations, we show that the proposed scheme improves the performance by 30-40% compared to the random selection scheme.

Sequential localization with Beacon Nodes along the Seashore for Marine Monitoring Sensor Network (해안에 설치된 비콘 노드를 이용한 해양 모니터링 센서의 순차적인 위치 파악)

  • Kim, Chung-San;Kim, Eun-Chan;Kim, Ki-Seon;Choi, Young-Yoon
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.269-277
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    • 2007
  • Wireless sensor network system is expected to get high attention in research for now and future owing to the advanced hardware development technology and its various applicabilities. Among variety of sensor network systems, the seashore and marine sensor network, which are extended to get sampling of marine resources, environmental monitoring to prevent disaster and to be applied to the area of sea route guidance. For these marine applications to be available, however, the provision of precise location information of every sensor nodes is essential. In this paper, the sequential localization algorithm for obtaining the location information of marine sensor nodes. The sequential localization is done with the utilization of a small number of beacon nodes along the seashore and gets the location of nodes by controling the sequences of localization and also minimizes the error accumulation. The key idea of this algorithm for localization is that the localization priority of each sensor nodes is determined by the number of reference nodes' information. This sequential algorithm shows the improved error performance and also provide the increased coverage of marine sensor network by enabling the maximum localization of sensor nodes as possible.

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Data Congestion Control Using Drones in Clustered Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (클러스터된 이기종 무선 센서 네트워크에서의 드론을 이용한 데이터 혼잡 제어)

  • Kim, Tae-Rim;Song, Jong-Gyu;Im, Hyun-Jae;Kim, Bum-Su
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.7
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    • pp.12-19
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    • 2020
  • The clustered heterogeneous wireless sensor network is comprised of sensor nodes and cluster heads, which are hierarchically organized for different objectives. In the network, we should especially take care of managing node resources to enhance network performance based on memory and battery capacity constraints. For instances, if some interesting events occur frequently in the vicinity of particular sensor nodes, those nodes might receive massive amounts of data. Data congestion can happen due to a memory bottleneck or link disconnection at cluster heads because the remaining memory space is filled with those data. In this paper, we utilize drones as mobile sinks to resolve data congestion and model the network, sensor nodes, and cluster heads. We also design a cost function and a congestion indicator to calculate the degree of congestion. Then we propose a data congestion map index and a data congestion mapping scheme to deploy drones at optimal points. Using control variable, we explore the relationship between the degree of congestion and the number of drones to be deployed, as well as the number of drones that must be below a certain degree of congestion and within communication range. Furthermore, we show that our algorithm outperforms previous work by a minimum of 20% in terms of memory overflow.

Joint Bandwidth Allocation and Path Selection Scheme for Uplink Transmission in IEEE 802.16j Networks with Cooperative Relays (협력 중계를 이용한 IEEE 802.16j 네트워크를 위한 상향 링크에서의 통합 대역 할당 및 경로 선택 기법)

  • Hwang, Ho-Young;Lee, Hyuk-Joon;Jeong, In-Gun;Jung, In-Sung;Roh, Bong-Soo;Park, Gui-Soon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.38C no.1
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    • pp.64-77
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we propose a joint bandwidth allocation and path selection scheme for IEEE 802.16j networks in uplink with cooperative relaying, and we evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme by using OPNET based simulation in hilly terrain with heavy tree density. The proposed scheme maximizes the system throughput in uplink with cooperative relaying in IEEE 802.16j networks. Then, we transform the proposed scheme into multi-dimensional multiple choice knapsack problem (MMKP) based scheme. We also propose uplink throughput maximization scheme and MMKP based scheme without cooperative relaying. We show that the system throughput of the proposed MMKP based scheme is higher than that of link quality based scheme, and cooperative relaying provides higher system throughput than the conventional case without cooperative relaying in uplink.

Development and Verification of Active Vibration Control System for Helicopter (소형민수헬기 능동진동제어시스템 개발)

  • Kim, Nam-Jo;Kwak, Dong-Il;Kang, Woo-Ram;Hwang, Yoo-Sang;Kim, Do-Hyung;Kim, Chan-Dong;Lee, Ki-Jin;So, Hee-Soup
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.50 no.3
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    • pp.181-192
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    • 2022
  • Active vibration control system(AVCS) for helicopter enables to control the vibration generated from the main rotor and has the superb vibration reduction performance with low weight compared passive vibration reduction device. In this paper, FxLMS algorithm-based vibration control software of the light civil helicopter tansmits the control command calculated using the signals of the tachometer and accelerometers to the circular force generator(CFG) is developed and verified. According to the RTCA DO-178C/DO-331, the vibration control software is developed through the model based design technique, and real-time operation performance is evaluated in PILS(processor in-the loop simulation) and HILS(hardware in-the loop simulation) environments. In particular, the reliability of the software is improved through the LDRA-based verification coverage in the PIL environments. In order to AVCS to light civil helicopter(LCH), the dynamic response characteristic model is obtained through the ground/flight tests. AVCS configuration which exhibits the optimal performance is determined using system optimization analysis and flight test and obtain STC certification.

Retrieval of Hourly Aerosol Optical Depth Using Top-of-Atmosphere Reflectance from GOCI-II and Machine Learning over South Korea (GOCI-II 대기상한 반사도와 기계학습을 이용한 남한 지역 시간별 에어로졸 광학 두께 산출)

  • Seyoung Yang;Hyunyoung Choi;Jungho Im
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.39 no.5_3
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    • pp.933-948
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    • 2023
  • Atmospheric aerosols not only have adverse effects on human health but also exert direct and indirect impacts on the climate system. Consequently, it is imperative to comprehend the characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of aerosols. Numerous research endeavors have been undertaken to monitor aerosols, predominantly through the retrieval of aerosol optical depth (AOD) via satellite-based observations. Nonetheless, this approach primarily relies on a look-up table-based inversion algorithm, characterized by computationally intensive operations and associated uncertainties. In this study, a novel high-resolution AOD direct retrieval algorithm, leveraging machine learning, was developed using top-of-atmosphere reflectance data derived from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager-II (GOCI-II), in conjunction with their differences from the past 30-day minimum reflectance, and meteorological variables from numerical models. The Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) technique was harnessed, and the resultant estimates underwent rigorous validation encompassing random, temporal, and spatial N-fold cross-validation (CV) using ground-based observation data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD. The three CV results consistently demonstrated robust performance, yielding R2=0.70-0.80, RMSE=0.08-0.09, and within the expected error (EE) of 75.2-85.1%. The Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP) analysis confirmed the substantial influence of reflectance-related variables on AOD estimation. A comprehensive examination of the spatiotemporal distribution of AOD in Seoul and Ulsan revealed that the developed LGBM model yielded results that are in close concordance with AERONET AOD over time, thereby confirming its suitability for AOD retrieval at high spatiotemporal resolution (i.e., hourly, 250 m). Furthermore, upon comparing data coverage, it was ascertained that the LGBM model enhanced data retrieval frequency by approximately 8.8% in comparison to the GOCI-II L2 AOD products, ameliorating issues associated with excessive masking over very illuminated surfaces that are often encountered in physics-based AOD retrieval processes.

Incorporating Social Relationship discovered from User's Behavior into Collaborative Filtering (사용자 행동 기반의 사회적 관계를 결합한 사용자 협업적 여과 방법)

  • Thay, Setha;Ha, Inay;Jo, Geun-Sik
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.1-20
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    • 2013
  • Nowadays, social network is a huge communication platform for providing people to connect with one another and to bring users together to share common interests, experiences, and their daily activities. Users spend hours per day in maintaining personal information and interacting with other people via posting, commenting, messaging, games, social events, and applications. Due to the growth of user's distributed information in social network, there is a great potential to utilize the social data to enhance the quality of recommender system. There are some researches focusing on social network analysis that investigate how social network can be used in recommendation domain. Among these researches, we are interested in taking advantages of the interaction between a user and others in social network that can be determined and known as social relationship. Furthermore, mostly user's decisions before purchasing some products depend on suggestion of people who have either the same preferences or closer relationship. For this reason, we believe that user's relationship in social network can provide an effective way to increase the quality in prediction user's interests of recommender system. Therefore, social relationship between users encountered from social network is a common factor to improve the way of predicting user's preferences in the conventional approach. Recommender system is dramatically increasing in popularity and currently being used by many e-commerce sites such as Amazon.com, Last.fm, eBay.com, etc. Collaborative filtering (CF) method is one of the essential and powerful techniques in recommender system for suggesting the appropriate items to user by learning user's preferences. CF method focuses on user data and generates automatic prediction about user's interests by gathering information from users who share similar background and preferences. Specifically, the intension of CF method is to find users who have similar preferences and to suggest target user items that were mostly preferred by those nearest neighbor users. There are two basic units that need to be considered by CF method, the user and the item. Each user needs to provide his rating value on items i.e. movies, products, books, etc to indicate their interests on those items. In addition, CF uses the user-rating matrix to find a group of users who have similar rating with target user. Then, it predicts unknown rating value for items that target user has not rated. Currently, CF has been successfully implemented in both information filtering and e-commerce applications. However, it remains some important challenges such as cold start, data sparsity, and scalability reflected on quality and accuracy of prediction. In order to overcome these challenges, many researchers have proposed various kinds of CF method such as hybrid CF, trust-based CF, social network-based CF, etc. In the purpose of improving the recommendation performance and prediction accuracy of standard CF, in this paper we propose a method which integrates traditional CF technique with social relationship between users discovered from user's behavior in social network i.e. Facebook. We identify user's relationship from behavior of user such as posts and comments interacted with friends in Facebook. We believe that social relationship implicitly inferred from user's behavior can be likely applied to compensate the limitation of conventional approach. Therefore, we extract posts and comments of each user by using Facebook Graph API and calculate feature score among each term to obtain feature vector for computing similarity of user. Then, we combine the result with similarity value computed using traditional CF technique. Finally, our system provides a list of recommended items according to neighbor users who have the biggest total similarity value to the target user. In order to verify and evaluate our proposed method we have performed an experiment on data collected from our Movies Rating System. Prediction accuracy evaluation is conducted to demonstrate how much our algorithm gives the correctness of recommendation to user in terms of MAE. Then, the evaluation of performance is made to show the effectiveness of our method in terms of precision, recall, and F1-measure. Evaluation on coverage is also included in our experiment to see the ability of generating recommendation. The experimental results show that our proposed method outperform and more accurate in suggesting items to users with better performance. The effectiveness of user's behavior in social network particularly shows the significant improvement by up to 6% on recommendation accuracy. Moreover, experiment of recommendation performance shows that incorporating social relationship observed from user's behavior into CF is beneficial and useful to generate recommendation with 7% improvement of performance compared with benchmark methods. Finally, we confirm that interaction between users in social network is able to enhance the accuracy and give better recommendation in conventional approach.