• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2011

This study suggested practical application of climate design on apartment complex with the focus on the use of Cold Air Flow and green building design method. The domestic research on the wind path analysis has been associated since the early 21th century in urban planning and site planning, this initiative study aimed to mitigate the urban heat island effect and to promote the sustainable urban development. It is, however, mostly focused on the flow analysis and heat flow in the urban context, due to the poor application of the wind path analysis in actual planning and design. Special attention is paid to the possibilities of identifying and developing the application methods in relation to Cold Air Flow and building design. This study examined these relations and suggested some trenchant approach to a more comprehensive and efficient use of the wind flow analysis in climate design.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.124-128
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• 2009

As the problem of destroying natural environment is emerging as a common social issue world widely, recently in the filed of architecture there has been increasing interests in environment-friendly architecture according to the awakening and understanding of environmental pollution. The social problem caused by pursuing affluent urban life is now making the quality of life an issue against the urban policy that has been simply emphasizing quantitative expansion only. Accordingly, development and popularization of such a type as environment-friendly low-rise house is being suggested as an alternative idea, because it can combine secured independent space, which is a merit of independent houses, and characteristic architectural shapes, making possible the development of large scale environment-friendly complexes. Based on the analysis of the examples of Environment-friendly low-rise house in other countries that are utilizing amenity concepts, such as environment, ecology, culture and history, the present research proposed an alternative idea for highly dense high-rise houses, by resolving the problems of low-rise house complex caused by the variable of ecological environment. An effort was made to understand the concept of low-rise house through theoretical investigation, and based on the analysis of domestic and foreign cases, a method for improving the problems was deduced as a conclusion.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.159-165
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• 2010

The composite frame system suggested in this paper consists of steel reinforced concrete beam encased with structural tee and precast concrete column. This system has advantages such as reduction of materials, CO2 emissions and waste. To commercialize the new composite frame system, it is necessary to develop connections that can effectively connect each member. Therefore, a hybrid connection that has steel type connection and reinforced concrete together is utilized to connect easily at the composite frame system. To evaluate the structural performance of the composite frame system, an experimental investigation is presented. In this study, the flexural moment capacity of the composite frame was determined using the strain compatibility approach. The strain compatibility approach can be used to predict the flexural moment capacity at each limit state. As a result, all elements of the beam to column connection are represented to fully interact between each other. The specimens show errors of -1.9% in the yield limit state and 0.9% at the maximum load limit state. Also, testing shows that beam to column connections have characteristics of semi-rigid connection as per Eurocode 3.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.323-326
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• 2005

This study aims to show the growing popularity in the use of wood in new residential construction and improvements to existing housing throughout Asia. Residents want wood in their house and we also have the problem to reduce carbon dioxide which we can solve by using wood. If well implemented in construction, we can expect Kyoto protocol reduce the average global temperature by 0.02$^{\circ}$C or even up to 0.28$^{\circ}$C by the year 2050. A survey of Korean and Japanese people was conducted targeting unique preferences that may exist between these two Nations. Initial findings showed that residents preferred wood in their homes and reductions in carbon dioxide was also a factor. It is important for architects and those interested in using wood to understand that there are many advantages to using wood materials for construction. From this point of view using wood to can produce appreciable effects such as cutting house maintenance costs, creating a natural home design, and building in a manner that is friendlier on the environment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to provide basic data for the promotion strategy to activate modular construction system as residential facilities, through a study on the architectural planning, institutions and policies and research on connection details, for the use as residential facilities of the modular construction that is not actively supplied for the general residential facilities. As a result, I suggest sample model plan of domestic and foreign case analysis and characteristic of modular construction and practical application of modular construction for Residential Facilities. Owing to many advantages including short construction period structural stability and economic benefits, modular construction is expected to play a role as residential alternative of socially controversial affordable housing and weekend homes, and potential housing shortage after reunification; and to contribute to the development of design automation and industrialized constructions. Though Korea is still lacking development of the system that meets the domestic context, if supported by ongoing researches on the development of construction methods, materials and details, the settlement of appropriate modular residential facilities to suit the national situation will serve a possible alternative solution for many housing and environmental problems.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1540-1547
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• 2013

The energy economic analysis of the standard rural house model with PV system was performed based on annual energy demand calculation using the EnergyPlus to contribute in reducing building energy which occupies 25% of national energy consumption and in developing a low-energy & eco-friendly house model. Two types of PV system installation was considered to cover electricity demand for cooling, electric, and heating devices. For the selected house model, heating energy demand is 7 times higher than cooling energy demand. For the Case1, it is favorable to use electricity from PV system for cooling and electric devices and to sell surplus electricity. For the Case2, it is favorable to use electricity from PV system for cooling, electricity and heating devices and to sell surplus electricity. Considering the installation cost of PV system and heat pump air conditioning system, the break-even point of Case1 and Case2 are about 13 and 11 years respectively. Although the installation cost of Case2 is more expensive, Case2 provides three times more profit than Case1 after the break-even point. Because the expected average life time of the selected PV system is 25 years, Case2 is more favorable option for the given standard rural house model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.674-681
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• 2015

This research conducts both experimental evaluation and resident's assessment of zero food waste system (ZFWS) in multifamily housing estates in order to explore the feasibility of ZFWS embedded in fermentation and extinction technology utilizing wood chips turned into fertilizer. Having been established in a multifamily housing estate, ZEFWS was proved to be functional and effective. During the 3-month experimental period, the weight between infused food waste and its reactor was reduced significantly enough, and the chemical analysis showed that the concentration of organic compounds went from 87.9% to 75.8%, $H_2O$ decreased from 69.7% to 45.5%, NaCl rose from 0.2% to 0.5%, pH increased from 4.6 to 7.8, and ATP escalated from 505.3 nmol/L to 723.5 nmol/L. Also, the chemical analysis of the output in the experimentation indicated adequacy of the organic fertilizer. In the self-administered questionnaire survey for residents participating in the field project, almost all the respondents viewed that ZFWS can compete with conventional food waste disposal methods and an idealistic way to upcycling food waste into fertilizer.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2014

Due to the development of civilization, the humans is privileged the rich of technologies for housing thermal environment. But, this kind of technological development caused enough trouble of energy excessive consumption. For solve this problem, many researchers strive to exploit the low energy sustainable techniques. For such a reason, the eco-friendly techniques of vernacular house are resurfacing. These traditional techniques are applied to a development of eco-friendly modern housing. They are no longer recognized as outdated products. On this context, this study proposes an scientific analysis on the thermal environment characteristics of Neolithic thatched-roof dugout hut(Um house). So far the several studies have been carried out in viewpoint of the history and structural compositions of the Um house which has been used as the normal housing for about 1000 years in the Neolithic era, however the thermal characteristics analysis of the Um house has never been studied. Um house is not a housing which has been composed by the scientific analysis or architectural design technology, but evolved empirically over a long period. This study on the thermal environment characteristics of Um house would provide basic information for the development of korean eco-friendly rural housing by korean climate characteristics. In this study, the thermal environmental characteristics of the Um house in the Neolithic era was analysed experimentally. The results of this study could be summarized as follows: 1. When the solar insolation and the ambient temperature in the daytime were $420W/m^2$ and $17^{\circ}C$ respectively, the surface temperature of the Um house roof covered with the rice straw was $37^{\circ}C$ and that in the roof $32^{\circ}C$, and in the conditions above the air temperature in the room was $15^{\circ}C$. 2. When the ambient relative humidity was 40%, that in the room of the Um house 50%, and at the ambient relative humidity of 90~100%, that in the room was 60%. 3. Through the experimental analysis, it was verified that the enthalpy and relative humidity is in an inverse relationship. 4. In general the comfort degree in the living space is changed with the seasonal climate, also in this study, the comfort degree in the room of the Um house in October and November was higher than that in May and June.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2009

This study was attempted to investigate indoor air quality of a wooden house. Emission characteristics of carbonyl compounds from indoors whose interiors were finished using ecofriendly materials were detected. From the results of the examination, the carbonyl compounds mostly consisted of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and hexaldehyde. Especially, formaldehyde accounted for the largest portion of the compounds at 25.6~30.5%. All the rooms except for R2-2 contained formaldehyde less than criteria of indoor air quality of newly-constructed houses. In addition, all the rooms except for room R1-3, contained acetaldehyde more than the level of $48{\mu}g/m^3$ recommended by Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. As a results of the different wall covering, the room R1-1 of Hwangto emitted relatively higher levels of carbonyl compounds than the room R2-1 of phytoncide. In addition, the room R2-2 of the bamboo charcoal panels emitted more carbonyl compounds than the room R1-2. The living room R1-3 of Japanese cypress (Cryptomeria Japonica) emitted lower levels of carbonyl compounds than other rooms.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2017

In 1990s, as the extreme weather events according to the global warming climate change are occurred frequently all around the world and the scale of the damage increases, the developed countries are promoting various policies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions setting the goal of greenhouse gas reduction with the level of State and local government. Especially for the greenhouse gas reduction of buildings and the inducement of eco-friendly design, the green certification system is strengthened with the assessment of energy and greenhouse management, and recently, according to the policy change of climate and energy, the certification system expanded from the buildings to the level of city and district is piloted. So this research is to understand the main contents and the assessment system of domestic green building certification system implemented in March 2013 in response to the policy change of climate and energy and to suggest the basic data for the improvement of present domestic greenhouse certification standard through the analysis of actual certification and the main case analysis of international green certification system. Recently in developed countries, in 1990s, for the reduction of building's greenhouse gas emission and the inducement of eco-friendly design, from the building of LEED, BREEAM, DGNB to the level of city and district such as LEED Neighborhood Development, BREEAM Communities, DGNB Stadtquartiere, the system is expanded and piloted. On the contrary, as for the domestic standard of green building certification system, the distribution ratio according to the assessment items in each category consists of the assessment system based on the buildings, and just the simple adjustment of some items and the improvement of weighted value are performed. Actually, as a result of selecting the 30 districts of apartment housing with the most certification performance by use among the 49 buildings certified by Institute of Land & Housing from December 2014 to July 2016 and analyzing the assessment score, the certification level is determined by the sectors of high distribution like indoor environment and energy not by the ineffective sector of external environment with low distribution so this system has a limitation to perform the practical means for the policy change of climate and energy. Thus for the national green building certification standards, the assessment system in the sector of external environment is to complemented and furthermore, reflecting domestic reality, through the introduction of certification system and the assessment system with the level of city and district, this system should be improved to meet the international certification standard.