• Membrane Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.276-284
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• 2014

In this study, a hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane was modified by coating neutral hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol). The flux of pure water was measured and then fouling test was conducted with bovin serum albumin (BSA) as model protein foulant. As a result, the experiments showed that pure water flux was decreased but anti-fouling property was significantly enhanced. Pure water flux with increasing molecular weights of the polymer was decreased and fouling resistance was enhanced. Also, Pure water flux with increasing solution concentration was decreased and fouling resistance was enhanced. It is probably due to the increase in hydrophilicity and decrease in roughness of the membrane surface, as revealed by contact angle and AFM analysis.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.343-349
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• 2015

In this study, we applied an increased surface area fractional precipitation with hydrophilic polymer for decreasing the particle size of the anticancer agent paclitaxel from plant cell cultures. The addition of polymer resulted in a considerable decrease in the size of the paclitaxel precipitate. Among the polymers (HPMC 2910, PVP-K90, PVA) used, PVP-K90 was the most effective for the inhibition of precipitate growth. When PVP-K90 (0.2%, w/v) was used, the paclitaxel particles were four to five times smaller, having less than a $20{\mu}m$ radius, than those obtained in the absence of the polymer. In addition, the precipitate size was inversely correlated with the absolute value of zeta potential.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.669-676
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• 2007

The raw water was fractionated into hydrophobic (HPO), transphilic (TPI), and hydrophilic portions (HPI) using XAD resins. The raw water DOC contains 39% of hydrophilics, 43% of hydrophobics, and 18% of transphilics. When fractionated NOM (natural organic matter) was passed through hydrophilic membrane with 100 kDa, hydrophobic portion (HPO) caused the most fouling and hydrophilic portion (HPI) caused the least fouling. This could be related to size and adsorption capability of organics. Small sized organics would pass through membrane pores, but large sized organics would be attracted to either membrane pores or surface, which led to the fouling. An effect of membrane pore size on membrane fouling is related to the availability of organics at membrane pores. As the pore size became larger, the more organics were transported into the membrane pore. Some organics caused pore blocking, and others caused pore adsorption, which resulted in membrane fouling. Membrane material is also important for membrane fouling. More fouling occurred at hydrophobic membrane than hydrophilic membrane regardless of its pore size. Hydrophobic interaction caused more fouling at hydrophobic membrane.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.379-387
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• 2018

This study was conducted to improve the membrane characteristics and performance by increasing hydrophilicity by adding additives to the ultrafiltration polysulfone (PSf) hollow fiber membrane. The mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared by dispersing 15 nm of fumed silica (FS) in the spinning solution at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 wt%. SEM analysis was carried out to confirm the cross-section and surface condition. It was confirmed that mean pore radius of the hollow fiber increased by 4 nm as FS was added. In addition, contact angle measurement was carried out for the hydrophilicity analysis of hollow fiber membranes, and it was confirmed that the hydrophilicity of MMMs were increased by adding of FS. In the case of water permeability, the membrane including FS showed 91~96 LMH and showed 5~11% more increase than PSf membrane. In the antifouling performance test, relative flux reduction ratios of FS mixed hollow fiber membranes were lower than that of PSf membranes, and it was confirmed that increase of hydrophilicity hinders adsorption of hydrophobic BSA on the membrane surface.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.07c
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• pp.1363-1365
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• 2001

다공질 실리콘(PSi)의 형성방법중에 가장 주된 방식인 전기화학법은 매우 범용화된 기술이다. 이러한 전기화학법을 이용한 PSi 제작방식에 있어 HF 가 함유된 전해액과 첨가되는 첨가제는 PSi 형성에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 전해액에 첨가되어지는 첨가재는 종류에 따라 전해질과 기판사이의 친수성 및 전해액의 표면장력을 작게 하는 역할을 하며, 그 밖의 기판 표면 상태변화의 원인으로서 양극산화 공정에 많은 변수로 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 에틸알콜을 함유한 HF 전해액과 새로운 용매를 함유한 HF 전해액에 대한 PSi의 형성을 광학 현미경 사진과 시간에 따른 전류 및 전압 특성 곡선으로 비교 분석하였으며, 기존 식각 용액을 사용했을 경우의 표면 식각현상과 형성구조의 불균일성 등을 해결할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.93.1-93.1
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• 2018

그래핀 에어로겔은 우수한 전기 열 전도도, 기계적 특성, 넓은 표면적으로 베터리, 약물방출 등 다양한 분야에서 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히, 그래핀 에어로겔은 친수성, 생체안전성, 삼차원구조의 특성으로 우수한 약물방출형 임플란트 소재로의 활용이 기대된다. 본 연구에서는 그래핀 산화물의 수열처리를 통해 그래핀 하이드로겔 형성 후, 저온건조와 동결건조를 이용하여 그래핀 에어로겔을 제조하였다. 그래핀 산화물과 그래핀 에어로겔의 특징들을 XRD, SEM, XPS, Raman등을 통해 확인하였으며, 그래핀 에어로겔에서 건조방법과 건조시간에 따른 기계적 강도, 기공구조의 제어가능성을 BET, SEM등의 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 이러한 기공구조 제어를 통해 약물방출 특성을 측정하였으며, 인체 삽입형 임플란트로서의 활용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.1172-1177
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• 2000

최근 콘크리트 보호 재료는 코팅을 이용하는 과거의 방법에서 함침을 이용하는 기법으로 전환하였다. 이중 발수제는 콘크리트의 표면의 특성을 변화시키는 것으로 친수성의 콘크리트를 소수성 물질을 결합시켜 물에 의한 젖음을 방어하는 것으로 콘크리트에 사용하였을 경우 콘크리트의 고유한 표면 장력을 작게 변화시키고 장력이 큰 물질 중의 하나인 물의 흡수를 방어하게 한다. 본 실험은 발수제의 성능 평가를 위하여 다공질의 재료인 콘크리트의 접촉각을 측정하여 그 변화를 관찰하였으며, 발수제들의 우수한 기능 중의 하나인 통기성을 시편의 중량 감소로 측정하였다. 발수제로 n-octyl ethoxy silane을 사용한 콘크리트 시편의 흡수 능력은 사용하지 않은 것의 약 10% 정도로 측정되었으며 시편의 수분 중량 감소는 7일 동안 90~130%로 관찰되어 통기성이 유지되어 콘크리트의 강도 유지에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 겉보기 접촉각은 처리하지 않은 시편에서 24~33$^{\circ}$로 측정되었으나 처리된 시편의 최초면에서 130~141$^{\circ}$이었으며 2mm의 연마면에서는 127~132$^{\circ}$로 측정되어 콘크리트 표면 장력 변화가 유지되고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.921-927
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• 1999

In this study, the defrosting behaviors according to the surface characteristics in the fin-tube heat exchanger is experimentally examined. It is found that the draining rate of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic heat exchangers are evenly dispersed during defrosting, compared with that of the bare one. It is caused by the high density frost for the hydrophilic heat exchanger, and surface characteristic for the hydrophobic heat exchanger, respectively. The rest period of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic heat exchangers are shorter and their weight of residual water are smaller than those of the bare heat exchanger The hydrophilic and hydrophobic heat exchangers are more effective than the bare one in terms of defrosting efficiency, and the hydrophobic heat exchanger is better than the hydrophilic one.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.433-436
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• 2008

Deterioration in the concrete structure are due to carbonation, chloride ion attack and frost attack. Therefore, concrete structure is needed to surface protection for increase durability using silicate impregnants. Thus, this study is concerned with self-cleaning and durability of silicate hydrophilic impregnants of concrete structure using lithium and potassium silicates. From the experimental test results, lithium and potassium silicates have a good properties as a carbonation resistance. Lithium and potassium silicates make good use of hydrophilic impregnants of concrete structures.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

In this study, heat and discharge treatments are arbitrary simulated for finding out the initiations and processes of surface degradation on the surface of polymer for using as a PCB substrate. Thermal-treatment changed the surface to the hydrophobic one with the increase of contact angle and surface potential decay, respectively. The XPS spectrum showed that the increased hydrophobicity in thermal treatment was originated from the continuous decrease of side-chains caused by secessions of oxygen groups and the increase of unsaturated double bond in carbon chains. Also, thermal-treatment caused the discoloration on the point of treated surface. These phenomena were attributed to the generation of ether group. In the chemical change by discharge treatment, a lot of side-chains occurred on the treated surface, and so the hydrophilicity increased as time elapsed.