• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.290-290
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• 2003

지난 20세기 동안, 치아 우식에 대한 치료는 G.V. Black이 제안한 '예방 확대' 개념에 따른 와동형성 원칙에 따라 외과적 치칠 삭제의 형태로 수행되어져 왔다. 즉, 치아 우식 병소에 발견되면 치과의사들은 망설임 없이 핸드 피스를 들고 우식 부위 치질을 삭제하며, 수복재료에 따라 적합한 형태로 건전한 치질을 삭제하여 수복 와동을 형성하였다. 그러나 치아 우식에 대한 많은 연구 결과, 원인균과 산 생산 및 탈회와 재석회화 등에 대한 정보가 알려졌고, 접착 수복이 비약적 발전을 하여 임상 적용이 일반화되면서, 지난 10여년 이래 치아 우식에 대한 치료 개념이 점차 최소 치질 삭제와 건전 치질 보존으로 전환되어 왔고 이러한 개념을 통칭하여 Minimal Intervention Dentistry라 하고 있다. 21세기에는 치아 우식에 대한 치료가 minimal intervention dentistry의 개념 하에 점차 폭넓게 임상에 적용될 것으로 예상되며, 다음과 같은 원칙들이 제시되고 있다.(중략)

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2013

Antimicrobial activity of extract from some traditional oriental medicinal plants were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against six oral pathogens, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei, which are associated with caries disease. The antimicrobial activity was examined by determining the inhibition zone using the disc diffusion assay. In antibacterial activity test, extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis, Chrysanthemum indicum, Kochia scoparia, Hydnocarpus anthelmintica and Caesalpinia sappan showed inhibitory effects (40 mg/ml) against tested caries bacteria. Especially, the C. sappan extract showed the strongest activity on S. oralis (40 mm), L. casei (35 mm) and S. mutans (28 mm). Thus, this result suggests that C. sappan may be applicable to preventing dental caries.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to classify risk groups according to Caries Risk Assessment (CRA) and to investigate the effect of caries prevention program after 1 year of caries prevention intervention program in 6-year-old infants with high caries risk. The subjects were selected based on responses to CRA questionnaires. At the first visit, oral examination, Cariview, bacteria and saliva flow test were performed. The caries risk group was classified accordingly. The subjects were given fluoride application and oral health education every four months and evaluated the same as the first visit after 1 year. As a result of classifying the risk level according to CRA, more than 80% of the subjects were in the high or extreme high risk. The dft index was increased in all risk groups after the intervention. There was a significant difference between the before and after intervention (p<0.05). The Cariview score showed a slight decrease after the intervention in the moderate and high risk groups. As a result of the evaluation of bacteria test, Streptococcus mutans were decreased to ${\geq}10^5CFU/ml$ saliva after intervention in all groups. Lactobacilli were decreased after intervention in high risk and extreme high risk groups. As a result of saliva flow, there was significant difference between caries risk groups before and after intervention (p<0.05). In conclusion, regular caries management has been shown to influence caries risk factors in high-caries risk children. Also, it is necessary to find out periodical dental risk management system which is suitable for domestic situation through the related studies.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.130-139
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• 2007

This study investigated the relationship between dental caries and various oral factors in subjects with Down's syndrome. We compared 25 subjects with Down's syndrome with 63 healthy control. The dental caries index and plaque index were examined, and the total salivary immunoglobulin A and S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration were measured using ELISA. The S. mutans counts, Lactobacillus counts and buffer capacity were measured with Dentocult test medium. The decayed and filled surface index of deciduous teeth in subjects with Down's syndrome was lower than in controls(p<0.001). The plaque index and total salivary immunoglobulin A concentration showed no difference, S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration and buffer capacity in subjects with Down's syndrome were lower than in controls(p<0.001). There was no significant difference between two groups in the S. mutans counts and Lactobacillus counts. In 9-11 year age group, S. mutans counts in subjects with Down's syndrome was lower than in controls(p<0.001) and S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration was lower(p<0.05). There was a high correlation among deciduous dental caries index and buffering capacity and S. mutans counts.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2006

This research was aimed to search for natural antimicrobial agents that are sefe for humans and specific for oral pathogens. Acanthoic was isolated from the chloroform fraction of methanol extract of Acanthopanax koreanum $N_{AKAI}$ and its structure were elucidated by 13-NMR, 1H-NNR and ESIMS. Antibacterial activity of acanthoic acid was investigated by the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimun bactericidal (MBC) concentration. MIC/MBC of acanthoic acid against Streptococcus mutans $N_{AKAI}$ causing dental caries was determined to be $2/4\;{\mu}g/mL$, which was much lower than these of other natural antimicrobial agents such as $8/16\;{\mu}g/mL$ of sangurinarine and $250/500\;{\mu}/mL$ of green tea extract, $500/600\;{\mu}g/mL$ of thymol and borneol. Acanthoic and significantly inhibited the growth of other cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus sobrinus $N_{AKAI}$ and Streptococcus sanguis $N_{AKAI}$, and Streptococcus gordonii $N_{AKAI}$ in the MIC range of $4{\sim}32\;{\mu}g/mL$. My finding suggests that acanthoic acid could be employed as a potential antibacterial agent for preventing dental caries.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2010

Streptococcus mutans, one of the major causal agents of dental caries, is component of the dental plaque. It produces various organic acids such as lactic acid which is the end-product of glycolysis, and this leads to dental caries. A new system using species-specific monoclonal antibodies was developed to detect Streptococcus mutans in saliva. The system quickly detects salivary Streptococcus mutans in 30min and classifies the result into two levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation between monoclonal antibody-based detecting system and selective medium-based detecting methods. Children's deft indices were also compared with Streptococcus mutans counts in MSB agar plate. Subjects consisted of 15 children in the age of 3 to 6 years. They were assigned to three groups : Group I(deft index = 3), Group II(deft index $\leqq$3), Group III(deft index $\geqq$4). The results are as follows : 1. The rate of children with positive response was 13.3% and with negative response was 86.7% in the result of Saliva-checkTM Mutans test kit. 2. There was a positive correlation between monoclonal antibody-based detecting system and selective medium-based detecting methods(p<0.05). 3. Streptococcus mutans counts in MSB agar plate were irrelevant to deft of children(p=0.34).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.306-312
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• 2016

Gargle solution has typically been used for the prevention of oral infectious disease such as dental caries and periodontitis. However, the use of most gargle solutions is controversial in application for children because some gargle solutions have harmful side effects. Electrolyzed water is generated by passed an electric current and has antimicrobial activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the efficacy of electrolyzed water in various conditions for eliminating cariogenic bacteria. Electrolyzed water was generated by a platinum electrode in the presence of sodium chloride at various concentrations. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus were cultivated into a brain heart infusion broth. After harvesting planktonic bacteria, the pellets were treated with the electrolyzed water and commercial gargle solutions and plated on a mitis-salivarius agar plate. Also, the anti-biofilm activity of the electrolyzed water and commercial gargle solutions was investigated after biofilm formation of S. mutans and S. sobrinus. The bacteria in the biofilm were plated onto a mitis-salivarius agar plate. The plates were incubated, and the colony forming unit was measured. The electrolyzed water containing sodium chloride showed significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus as well as some gargle solutions. Furthermore, the electrolyzed water had more disruptive effect on the biofilm of S. mutans and S. sobrinus and killed more bacteria in the biofilm than commercial gargle solutions. The results demonstrate that electrolyzed water may be a useful gargle solution for prevention of dental caries.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.139-144
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• 1999

The optimum culture conditions for an antibiotics from Actinomyces sp. were investigated. The optimum composition of medium for antibiotics production was 1% glucose, 1% soybean meal, 0.5% NaCl, 0.1% $CaCO_2$, and the optimum initial pH was 7.0. And the antibiotics showed highest activity when the strain isolated from soil was aerobically cultivated at $28^{\circ}C$ for 72hours under the optimum conditions. A production of the antibiotics from Actinomyces sp. begins at the 36th hours and then reached the maximum at the stationary phase developed at the 72th hours under the optimum conditions.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2008

Dental caries is an infectious disease caused by mutans streptococci, and is a primary etiologic agent of dental caries in humans. The molecular pathogenesis of mutans streptococcal-associated dental caries occurs in three phases. Firstly, S. mutans attaches to tooth surface via a cell surface adhesion termed antigen I/II. In the second phase, the glucosyltransferase(GTFs) synthesize polymers like glucans in the presence of sucrose. In the third phase, the multivalent glucans interacts with glucan binding proteins (GBPs) and they make dental plaque and accumulation of microorganisms. Many studies and clinical trials have indicated that a mucosal immune response to these antigens(Ag I/II, GTFs, GBPs) of S. mutans can influence the pathogenesis of dental caries. So these antigens can be important vaccine candidates for immunologic intervention against dental caries. In this study, we cloned the genes for GTFb, GTFc, GTFd from S. mutans GS-5 and did the nucleotide sequence analysis. And the recombinant proteins of GTFd and N-terminus of GTFd were expressed. Intact GTF which we get from this experiment can be used for antibody production specific for any GTF activity domain through animal experiment.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity on the dental bur with fluoride for S. mutans. Materials and methods: 0 ppm, 300 ppm, 500 ppm, 1,000 ppm, 1,450 ppm fluoride ion is added to a specimen. S. mutans was incubated for 24 hours, the number of S. mutans were counted. Kruskal-Wallis and MannWhitney analysis were used SPSS 25.0 (IBM SPSS 25.0, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean S. mutans counts of 0 ppm, 300 ppm, 500 ppm, 1,000 ppm, and 1,450 ppm were 374.0 ± 12.6, 251.0 ± 66.7, 111.4 ± 35.6, 41.6 ± 11.7 and 13.2 ± 4.6, respectively. All groups except the control and 300 ppm showed statistically significant. Conclusion: Thus, more than 500 ppm fluoride ion showed the statistically significant antimicrobial activity. 1,450 ppm group showed the highest antimicrobial activity. This study showed the clinical possibility for dental caries protection and antimicrobial activity of dental bur.