• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.579-589
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• 1996

이 연구의 목적은 치주질환에 이환된 성견의 치근을 활택술 후 발치와에 이식하였을 때 calcium sulfate 골이식이 치근흡수와 치근유착을 지연시키는가를 알아보고자 하는 것이다.성견의 제2, 제3 소구치 주위의 치조골을 제거하여 분지부를 노출시키고, 8주간 교정사를 결찰하여 실험적 만성치주염을 유발하였다. 치관을 제거하고, 치근을 반분하고, 활택한 후 발치하였다. 발치된 치근을 둘로 나누어 각각을 우측에는 calcium sulfate와 함께, 좌측에는 이식재 없이 이식하였다. 12주간의 치유 후 조직학적으로 관찰하였다. 대조군에서는 흠의 치관쪽으로 치근흡수와 치근유착이 일어났고, 실험군에서는 성견 결합조직과 calcium sulfate가 위치하였던 공간이 관찰 되었고 치근흡수는 지연되었다. 이 연구에 나타난 바에 의하면, 치근 이식시 calcium sulfate 의 사용은 치조골로부터의 육아조직을 배제하고 치근흡수와 치근유착을 지연할 수 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.10-20
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the healing of root fracture in immature permanent teeth and the prognosis of root fracture by statistically analyzing the relationship with the pulp and root healing. The radiographs of 51 root-fractured maxillary anterior permanent teeth were collected. In radiograph, locations of root fracture, apical foramen width and width of diastasis between the fragments were measured. The value of the studied parameters were compared by independent t-test and rogistic regression test. In conclusion, there was no difference in the prognosis of pulp healing according to the location of root fracture. However, root healing occurs well as the root fracture is located at the root apex (p < 0.05). Lastly, the smaller the width of diastasis between the fragments after reduction, the better the pulp healing was (p < 0.05).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.3 s.104
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• pp.241-251
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• 2004

Previous studies have focused on the causes of root resorption after orthodontic treatment and treatment methods to reduce this phenomenon, and have been mainly associated with developed, mature roots. As parents become increasingly interested in their children's' dentition, orthodontists are performing fixed orthodontic treatment on patients of less than 10 years and before the completion of the immature root. Thus, the author evaluated the changes of root length and root form of maxillary immature incisors after orthodontic treatment, compared with those of mature teeth, and investigated the correlation according to gender, treatment duration, and displacement of incisors. The sample consisted of an immature root group of twenty-eight persons (between 8 and 10 years old) and a mature root group of thirty-one persons (between 11 and 15 years old). The crown and root length of the maxillary four incisors were measured with a periapical radiograph, changes in root length and crown-root ratio were calculated, and root form was classified according to a scoring system. The results were as follows. 1. The development of immature roots was not affected by orthodontic treatment and mostly showed normal root length and apical form. 2. Root length of immature teeth was sustained or became shorter, partially in long treatment duration or with open bite patients. Even though the teeth reached their normal root length, they demonstrated a blunt form. 3. Most of the mature roots showed mild resorption, and the form of mature roots was more blunt than the developed form of the immature roots (p<0.05). 4. The developed form of the immature roots was statistically related to treatment duration, while the form of the mature roots was significantly related to the displacement of incisors (p<0.05). 5. In contrast, other variables such as gender, classification of malocclusion, changes in overbite, and changes of U1 to SN showed no correlation with the root resorption of both groups.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.289-297
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• 2017

Local and general factors have been attributed to root resorption occurred by injuries such as trauma and dental caries that affect periodontal ligament or dental pulp tissue. Pathologic root resorption is different from physiologic root resorption in terms of resorption pattern such as micromorphology of resorption fossae and types of observed cells. Microscopic morphologies and histologic features of physiologic and pathologic root resorption surface of maxillary primary central incisors resulting from trauma and periapical inflammation were observed by scanning electron microscope and light microscope. The morphology of physiologic resorption lacunae was small and oval or circular shape with regularities. The morphology of pathologic resorption lacunae was large and polygonal shape with irregularities compared with the physiologic resorption lacunae. Multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear cells were closely attached to the physiologic and pathologic resorption lacunae, whereas several kinds of mesenchymal cells with numerous inflammatory cells were found in the areas adjacent to the pathologic resorption surface. Compensating cementum formation took place along some of the areas of physiologic and pathologic resorption area resulting from trauma, but could not be observed on pathologic resorption area resulting from periapical inflammation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the roots and roots canals of primary molar teeth using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). A total of 68 CBCT images of children aged 4 - 5 years was used for this study. A total of 160 molar teeth were analyzed. Various parameters such as the number of roots and canals, length of root and root canal, and the angulation and shape of the roots were analyzed. All maxillary primary molars had 3 roots. The presence of 2 root canals in 1 root was only observed in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary primary second molars. Most mandibular primary molars had 2 roots, and most mesial roots had 2 root canals. Concerning the length of the roots, the palatal root of the maxillary primary molar was found to be longest whereas the distobuccal root was shortest. In mandibular primary molars, the mesial root was longer than the distal root. In maxillary primary molars, the palatal root had the greatest angulation whereas the distal root has the greatest in mandibular molars. The root and root canals of maxillary primary molars were more curved in shape whereas mandibular primary molars were straight.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.443-446
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• 2001

급격한 치아외상은 치아 경조직에 손상을 주기도 하지만 치수와 치주조직에도 손상을 입힌다. 탈구(luxation)의 경우, 외상에 의해 치근단공 부위에서 신경혈관계의 파괴가 초래되지만 치근파절의 경우에는 파절전 부위에서 이와 유사한 손상이 나타난다. 그러므로 치근파절을 파절선 상부의 치관부에 대한 일종의 탈구로 보기도 한다. 본 증례보고는 외상에 의한 치근파절의 두 가지 치유양상을 비교한 것으로, 한 증례는 특정한 치과적 처치없이 스스로 치유된 경우이고 다른 한 증례는 치아고정 및 근관치료를 포함한 치과치료후에 치유된 경우이다. 수평치근파절의 치유에는 여러 가지 요인이 관여하지만 특히 치아동요도 및 치수생활력이 큰 영향을 미친다. 본 증례에서와 같이 치아의 동요도가 있는 경우에는 고정을 통해서 치유를 촉진하고 치수의 괴사가 초래된 경우에는 근관치료를 포함한 적절한 치과치료를 통해서 치유가 일어날 수 있다. 따라서 치근이 파절된 경우에는 장기간의 관찰을 통해 파절부 치유 및 치수손상 여부를 관찰, 진단하고 그에 따른 적절한 처치를 시행해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.413-426
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• 2005

수직 치근파절은 특이성을 나타내지 않기 때문에 치과의사가 정확한 진단을 하기 어렵다. 따라서 수직 치근파절의 임상적 특징, 진단적 증상을 파악하여 향후 근관치료된 치아나 치료되지 않은 치아에서 수직 치근파절의 유발인자와의 관련성 및 고찰을 통해 수직 치근파절의 예방 및 치료에 응용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 연구대상은 조선대학교 부속치과병원 치주과에 내원한 환자 중 최근 2년간 144명의 환자에서 근관치료를 받았거나 받지 않았던 치아 중 임상적 및 방사선학적으로 수직 치근파절로 진단된 156개의 증례를 대상으로 하였다. 모든 불확실한 증례에서 수직 지근파절의 최종 진단은 외과적 탐지를 통해 이루어졌고, 금이 간 치아와 관련될 수 있는 치근파절의 증례의 경우는 제외되었다. 근관치료된 치아와 치료되지 않은 치아, 환자의 나이와 성별, 치아종류 및 파절된 치근부위, 자각증상의 유무를 기준으로 각각의 수치와 백분율로 분류하였다. 수직 치근파절의 증상과 증후별로 분류하였으며, 진단방법에 의한 분류, 치료방법에 따른 분류, 근관 치료 후 수직 치근파절이 발생한 기간에 따른 분류를 시행하고 통계분석을 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 근관치료를 받지 않았던 치아의 수직 치근파절의 발생율은 58%였다. 2. 성별에 따른 발생률에 있어서 남성의 호발양상을 나타내었다. 3. 근관치료된 치아에 있어서 치료되지 않은 치아에 비해 호발연령이 낮았다. 4. 전치부의 수직 치근파절은 관찰되지 않았으며 특히, 강한 교합력을 필요로 히는 구치부에서의 높은 발생율을 나타냈다. 5. 수직 치근파절의 가장 주된 증상 및 증후는 깊은 치주낭 깊이였다. 6. 근관 치료 후 수직 치근파절이 발생한 기간은 평균 5.7년이었다. 7. 다수 증례에 있어서 3개 이하의 결손치를 가졌고, 자각증상이 나타났다. 이상의 결괴에서 한국인에 있어서 근관치료를 받지 않은 치아의 수직 치근파절은 드문 현상이 아님을 알 수 있었고 남성과 구치부에 있어서의 높은 발생율을 알 수 있었다. 그 이유로는 강한 교합력, 딱딱한 음식의 저작습관, 치조골 흡수에 따른 낮은 저항성, 골 유연성의 저하 등으로 여겨진다. 그러나, 수직 치근파절은 아직까지 정확한 진단을 내리기는 여전히 어려운 상태이며, 이를 위한 다양한 진단방법 및 더 나은 연구가 필수적이라 하겠다. 그리고, 향후 보다 많은 증례에 대한 분석, 치주질환에 이환되지 않은 경우의 분석, 치료 후 생존 기간에 대한 고찰 등도 필요하리라 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.291-291
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• 2003

손상에 의한 치근 흡수는 표면 흡수(surface resorption), 염증성 흡수(inflammatory resorption) 및 대치성 치근 흡수(replacement resorption)가 있는데 치근 흡수의 정도는 탈구와 재식 사이의 시간, 치주 인대의 손상 정도, 탈구된 치아의 보관 조건 및 치아 발육 정도 등에 영향을 받는다.(중략)

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.605-610
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• 2003

Physiologic root resorption occur from the apex of the primary teeth close to the permanent teeth towards the apex. Pathologic root resorption occur on surfaces of root due to causes such as trauma, replantation, orthodontic treatment, delayed or irregular eruption of teeth, or growing cysts or tumors. In children, the most frequently affected teeth from trauma are the maxillary primary central incisors. After such an event, root resorption initiate from the traumatized pulp or periodontium. In this case report, periapical radiographs were used to evaluate the features of pathologic root resorption by studying patients with history of trauma. The following results were noted. 1. Pathologic root resorption was observed in various patterns in all of the 10 traumatized maxillary primary central incisors. 2. Though teeth with pathologic root resorption were treated with pulpectomy, the resorption process continued to progress.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.6 s.95
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• pp.435-441
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• 2002

Surgical microscrews were introduced and used as one method to provide absolute anchorage. Some clinicians implanted microscrews or miniscrews into the basal bone below the roots of the teeth to evade damage to the roots. Because the implanted microscrews were positioned too low the applied force was insufficient to retract the anterior teeth or protract the posterior teeth, and the use of microscrews or miniscrews seemed limited in applying vertical force. However Park implanted microscrews(micro-implants (1.2mm in diameter)) into the alveolar bone between the roots of the posterior teeth to change the direction of the applied force toward increasing horizontal component of the force. Moreover, these microscrew implants were positioned in the alveolar bone between the roots without causing discernable damage to the roots. This study was performed to provide guidelines and anatomic data to assist in the determination of the safe location for micro-implants. By measuring the CT images from 21 patients, anatomical data were obtained which were then used as a guide to determine the location for the implantation of micro-implants. The thickness of the cortical bones at the alveaolar bone region increased from the anterior to the posterior teeth area. The mandibular posterior teeth area showed thicker cortical bone. A greater distance was observed in distance between the second premolar root and first molar root in the upper arch, between the first molar root and the second molar root in the lower arch. The alveolar bone of the posterior teeth area is considered the best site for the implantation of micro-implants.