• Trans-
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• v.8
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• pp.1-28
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• 2020

This study examines musical characteristics of so-called 'Hongdae Sound' as a historic musical trend by comparing with 'US 8^th Army Sound' and British 'London Punk'. Hongdae Sound refers to the musical trend that was formed with independent bands and musicians who mostly performed live in the club called 'Drug' in Hongdae area, and voluntarily adopted minor musical sensitivity and indie spirit of 'post-punk rock' genre. But as an industrial standpoint the superficial identity of 'indie' interferes with academic approach when analysing musical aspects of Hongdae Sound. Therefore it is necessary to rearrange its characteristics as the musical trend based on regional classification in order to fully appreciate its status in history of Korean popular music. US 8^th Army Sound refers to the musical trend that was played within the live stages in US military bases in Korea. Many hired Korean musicians for those shows were able to learn the current popular musical trend in the States, and to spread those to the general public outside the bases. The industrial system of the Army Sound was very similar to that of K-Pop, but when it comes to leading the newest musical trend of 'rock-n-roll', it had more resemblance to that of Hongdae Sound. London punk was the back-to-basic form of pure rock that was armed with social angst and rebel, indie spirit. Its primal motto was 'do-it-yourself', and Hongdae Sound mostly followed its industrial, musical and spiritual paths. London punk was short-lived because it abandoned its indie spirits and became absorbed to the mainstream. But Hongdae sound maintain its longevity by maintaining the spirit and truthfulness of indie, while endlessly experimenting with new trends.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.24-43
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• 2018

Thirty-five of Hwaban of Jeongjagak had been built in the last three hundred years, which means a Hwaban was made in almost every ten years. Jeongjagak is a building that requires a certain ornamentation having the identical Gongpo type, called E-ikgong, and maintains the same shape for a long time. While Hwaban is an element that faithfully serves the ornamental role, the field study found that Hwaban-chogak went through various changes over the years unlikely to Jeongjagak. This study enumerates and classifies the various types of Hwaban-chgak by outlining the similarities/differences of the various types of Hwavanchogak, and by discovering what the craftsmen aimed to express through the Hwaban-chogaks. As a result, Hwaban-chogak can be generally divided into two categories depending on the starting point of Chogak: 'Downward-Type' and 'Upward-type' and the study tried to find the origin of that. The first represents the stems of Hwaban crafts flowing from top to bottom, and the latter showing the opposite direction. Around 1740s Upward-type can be chronologically caragorised as; 'original- type' which contains lotus and 'modified- type' which eliminates lotus. It is inferred that the modified-type was caused by the employment system of the craftsmen. It is also recognized that the main frame of Hwaban-chogak had been maintained despite the fact that Chogak became increasingly ornamental for the next a hundred years from the Hwaban-chogak drawings in Whaseong-seongyeog-uigwe, which was completed in 1796. The study has a limitation that the focus of the research is only on the Hwaban of Jeongjagak and expected to look into Hwaban in the context of other construction elements such as Ikgong, Daegong and Anchogong for further studies.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.67
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• pp.69-104
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• 2017

This paper examines the aspect of the novel which appeared in the union of the male and female relationship of "OkSuki", one of the novels of the 19th century. "Oksuki" is a work focusing on the relationship between men and women. It takes a narrative structure based on the relationship. It shows various aspects of the relationship through the structure in which the pluralities of plural persons are repeated. Other events and illustrations, except for the talk, are both an occasion of the alliance and an auxiliary role. At the beginning of the work, the main character's parents are described in detail.By arranging the prophecies related to the relationship between the protagonist and the brothers, it suggests that subsequent narratives will flow into the center of the relationship. The male characters that make up the alliance are characteristically trained and have a good taste, and the Caines are colorfully colored. It is believed that the marriage pattern faithfully follows the medieval status order. The reason why the figure of the person who becomes his wife and the person of the concubine are set differently is because the image of the wife and the concubine are different from each other ideally. The characters who are going to be hungry are emphasized on the clause, efficacy, knowledge, and inner peace, and are actively involved in. On the other hand, conciliatory characters emphasize talent and craftsmanship, and their role is reduced after marriage. The wife is a person who has both Confucian culture and knowledge and is able to care for her husband and family well. Concultation is shaped as a person who can enjoy joyful life and emphasize more affection in relation with his wife.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.56
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• pp.9-33
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• 2014

This paper aims to look into text of Toegye Lee Hwang's poem Cheongryangsan (Mt. Cheongryang). For that, the poetic aspects of experiences in staying in mountains presented in the poem were classified into materialistic aspect, a method of subject proposal, subject recognition and orientation to examine such aspects, and their respective meanings and limits were considered. First, from the materialistic aspect, the poem about Mt. Cheongryang can be divided into a case of materializing acts in Mt. Cheongryang and a case of materializing an individual scenery of Mt. Cheongryang itself. Second, from an aspect of methods of subject proposal, the poem can be divided into a case in which the space of Mt. Cheongryang is proposed syntagmatically and abstractly and a case in which each scenery is proposed by it being divided partially. Third, from an aspect of subject recognition and orientation, in case Mt. Cheongryang is realized as a solitary space separated far from the world, poetic self aims at reflection. However, in case Mt. Cheongryang is realized as a space for staying with friends and disciples, poetic self aims at communication. The above-mentioned difference is caused by the fact that Toegye had such an experience in Mt. Cheongryang twice at the interval of 10 years. This study is significant in that it intensively looked into Toegye' experience in Mountains and the poetic text which have not been studied and that Toegye's recognition and orientation of a space were discriminatively revealed.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.67
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• pp.105-128
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is to explore the significance of the Commentaries on Pavilions (樓亭記) from the Sancheong-gun area. To achieve this purpose, the study analyzes the works handed down in Sancheong-eup, Chahwang-myeon, Obu-myeon, and Geumseo-myeon, focusing on the two characteristic themes: the discipline and enlightenment of heart and mind (in Chapter 2) and the succession of integrity and the tradition of ancestor worship (in Chapter 3). The first characteristic theme "the discipline and enlightenment of heart and mind" is explicated in Chapter 2 by reviewing the Commentary on Hwanajeong Pavilion (Hwanajeonggi) written for the namesake building located in Sancheong-ri, Sancheong-eup, and the Commentary on Gyeongjeonjae Pavilion (Gyeongjeonjaegi) in Maechon-ri, Geumseo-myeon. The second theme "the succession of integrity and the tradition of ancestor worship" is examined in Chapter 3 based on the Commentary on Sulgojeongsa Pavilion (Sulgojeongsagi) from Jangwi-ri, Chahwang-myeon, and the Commentary on Maeranjeong Pavilion (Maeranjeonggi) from Yangchon-ri, Obu-myeon.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 2020

Asura: The City of Madness, which was released in 2017, attracted great attention even prior to its release with the combination of Director Kim Sung-su, and actors, Jung Woo-sung, Hwang Jung-min, Ju Ji-hoon and Kwak Do-won. Faithful to its genre as a crime film of film noir, Asura: The City of Madness created multi-layered issues by the overthrow of the archetypal hero character and variation of the heroic narrative structure drew diverse interpretations among both critics and viewers alike. This study aims at analyzing the heroic narrative structure of Asura: The City of Madness based on Christopher Vogler's "The Hero's Journey" and examining how the universality and typicality of narrative structures as mentioned by Vogler are applied to this film. Although the universal and typical characteristics of all narrative structures cannot be analyzed through Christopher Vogler's The Hero's Journey, five atypical characteristics could be derived from this film that deviate from the universality mentioned by Christopher Vogler by looking at the characteristics of the heroic narrative structure implemented as Han Do-kyung, the leading character and a "hero," proceeds through the 12 stages. This study examines which variations such atypical characteristics brought to the heroic narrative structures in crime films what has changed in audiences' expectations, and how it could work as an alternate narrative.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.107-123
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• 2021

This research aims to review the training systems and curriculums of early childhood educators in Korea and France and seek directions to improve teachers training in Korea. To achieve the research purpose, this article compares three criteria, namely teacher training institutes, training systems, and curriculums based on the legal systems of Korea and France. Below are the summaries of the comparison. First, the training for teachers in France is carried out by the INSPÉ, the state-level single training system, for those who have bachelor's degrees. Second, the second year INSPÉ students or preliminary teachers take national teacher qualification tests. If they pass the tests, they are sent to the teaching fields as licensed teachers. Third, there are 3-year scholarship programs and support for practicums as part of the INSPÉ curriculum through the teacher support system in France to select highly qualified teachers. Fourth, the French curriculums prioritize basic knowledge skills, integration of school systems, teaching practicum experiences that are tied to the teaching fields, and research and analysis of practicum experiences.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.68
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• pp.141-173
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to help examine the nature and direction of today's village education community by examining the characteristics of Osan School and Myeongdong School, which were representative national schools during the Japanese colonial period, as village education communities. These two schools were prestigious private schools that became the bases for national and international independence movements at home and abroad. The fact that these schools were able to produce excellent graduates by faithfully carrying out the national education, which was the mission of the time, despite the oppressive situation, was influenced by the village education community formed by the organic cooperative relationship between the school and the village. The two schools have had active support from the village since their establishment, and the schools invited villagers if there was a good educational opportunity or cultural event. The school opened all the facilities of the school to the residents, and the villagers took care of the students and teachers, forming a close fusion between the two sides. Based on this relationship, the school and village made an effort to create an ideal village community based on independence, equality and solidarity. As such, the historical examination of Osan School and Myeongdong School suggests implications that help the village education community move forward to a more mature stage.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.79
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• pp.471-513
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• 2024

The monthly news and culture magazine, 'Sasanggye,' established by Jang Jun-ha from 1953 to 1970, served as a platform for government criticism and intellectual representation. The magazine created photographic-essays covering a variety of topics and utilized images as a visually impactful tool with news value. This paper aims to critically examine the photographic-essays within 'Sasanggye' as archival records, shedding light on their intrinsic value. Before delving into this assessment, the paper thoroughly explores the developmental process and characteristics of these photographic-essays. And based on the content divisions within the main text, the paper categorized the themes captured in the photographic essays into politics, economics, society, culture, and miscellaneous topics. It then introduced representative photographicessays. From an archival perspective, looking at photographs involves elucidating that photographs carry meanings beyond mere data. The photographic essays in 'Sasanggye' serve as photographic records providing evidence of 1960s Korean society and encapsulating crucial visual information. Furthermore, the photographic essays in 'Sasanggye' hold a historical significance in the aspect of Korean magazine documentary photography. The photo-essays in 'Sasanggye' carry worth in the history of photography and encompass evidential and informational values as photographic records.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.39
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• pp.215-231
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• 2015

The Cultural Revolution in the history of Chinese animation hinder the development of the initial animation, and after a negative assessment instrument provided the cause is to become sluggish growth of the Chinese animation. So this time animation are things that are the subject of academic research studies or analysis has been depreciating almost uniformly without evaluation. However, of all the cultural and artistic creation it is developing in its own specific historical conditions and has the aesthetic results. This paper puts the primary purpose is to hold in consideration the aesthetic principles that led to cultural and artistic creativity and objective perspective the achievements the Chinese animation of the time period of the Cultural Revolution. Cultural Revolution is avoided to the previous period in accordance with the socialist ideology of Mao Ze-dong(毛澤東) sikindaneun highlight the culture of the proletariat and placed our goal to create a new class culture. Therefore, cultural and artistic creation of this period is often inconsistent with this part of our aesthetic principles generally accepted character has a non- elitist and anti properties. Best drama is a creative one hand as a model to implement the principles of aesthetics, art and culture Cultural Revolution period kkophimyeo reference for understanding the aesthetic principles that animated the Chinese Cultural Revolution period of orientation. This paper has San Tu Chu(三突出), Hong Guang Liang(紅光亮), and Gao Da Quan(高大全) at the time of the Cultural Revolution aesthetic principles are reflected in how the concrete work, the Cultural Revolution when the animation is how to accommodate these aesthetic principles and placed emphasis on comparative studies on best pole and correlation of the Cultural Revolution when the Chinese animation to ensure that adaptation in own way. First, after analyzing whether the aesthetic principles of focusing on the similarities of the best pole time of the Cultural Revolution and China, and how to implement animation in the works, these aesthetic principles according to the analysis of positive and negative influence on the creation of Chinese animation It was described as neutral. The detailed analysis and comparative study courses were trying to access in two significant aspects of the characters and scenes directing. In terms of character animation of the Cultural Revolution in China when a young boy or girl, emphasis should emphasize the health tinged with red lips and cheek blush to highlight the desired Gong Nong Bing(工農兵) shape as the main character and smooth texture and sophisticated highlights the glittering feeling to the touch, it was confirmed focused hayeoteum to implement the principle of 'Hong Guang Liang', highlighting the brilliant colors with a clean, bright colors. Highlighting a number of protagoniste compared to the antagonist in the animated scene of the Cultural Revolution a few times in terms of production and, among a number of protagoniste also emphasizes the outstanding hero figure, "yet three outstanding heroes heroic figures also emphasize the leading figures among the the director of the extrusion step-by-step approach "('San Tu Chu')was used. In addition, the hero figure is generally high and low angle by directing a large and perfect aesthetic appearance was to faithfully implement the principle of 'high-charged'('Gao Da Quan').