• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.320-326
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• 2018

In this study, Graphite/Silicon/Carbon (G/Si/C) composites were synthesized to improve the electrochemical properties of Graphite as an anode material of lithium ion battery. The prepared G/Si/C composites were analyzed by XRD, TGA and SEM. Also the electrochemical performances of G/Si/C composites as the anode were performed by constant current charge/discharge, rate performance, cyclic voltammetry and impedance tests in the electrolyte of $LiPF_6$ dissolved inorganic solvents (EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 vol%). Lithium ion battery using G/Si/C electrode showed better characteristics than graphite electrode. It was confirmed that as the silicon content increased, the capacity increased but the capacity retention ratio decreased. Also, it was shown that both the capacity and the rate performances were improved when using the Silicon (${\leq}25{\mu}m$). It is found that in the case of 10 wt% of Silicon (${\leq}25{\mu}m$), G/Si/C composites have the initial discharge capacity of 495 mAh/g, the capacity retention ratio of 89% and the retention rate capability of 80% in 2 C/0.1 C.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.672-678
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• 2019

The electrochemical properties of pitch-coated natural graphite(NG) were investigated as an anode for lithium-ion batteries. The anode materials were prepared by heat-treatment of mixture of NG and petroleum pitch at $1000^{\circ}C$. The pitches with various softening points were used as carbon precursor. The physical properties of anode materials were analyzed by TGA, SEM, PSA and BET. As the softening point increased, the thickness of the coating layer increased and the specific surface area decreased. The electrochemical performances were investigated by initial charge/discharge efficiency, cycle stability, cyclic voltammetry, rate performance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The carbon-coated NG using pitch with softening points of $250^{\circ}C$ showed an initial discharge capacity of 361 mAh/g and a coulombic efficiency of 92.6%. Also, the rate performance(5 C/0.2 C) was 1.6 times higher than that of NG, and it had a capacity retention (90%) after 50 cycles at 0.5 C.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.201.2-201.2
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• 2015

현대 디지털 사회에서 고효율 에너지와 파워소스에 관한 요구가 커짐에 따라 차세대 에너지 저장 소자에 대한 연구가 계속되고 있다. 그 중 리튬이온 배터리, 슈퍼커패시터, 그리고 연료 전지들이 우리의 일상생활에서 점점 더 중요하게 자리잡아가고 있는데 이런 다양한 에너지 저장소자 중 슈퍼커패시터가 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 이는 긴 수명, 빠른 충-방전 속도, 높은 에너지 밀도, 그리고 안전함 때문이다. 슈퍼커패시터는 에너지 저장 메커니즘에 따라 두 가지로 분류될 수 있는데 전기이중층 커패시터(EDLC)와 슈도커패시터(pseudocapacitor)로 나누어질 수 있다. 슈도커패시터는 active 물질과 전해질 이온 간의 전기화학적 반응으로 인해 EDLC보다 더 많은 에너지를 저장할 수 있다. 그러므로 지금까지 새로운 형태의 슈도용량성 물질을 만들기 위한 노력이 집중되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전기화학적증착 방법을 통해 graphene-like ${\beta}$-nickel hydroxide (${\beta}-Ni(OH)_2$) 나노판 구조를 전도성 직물에 합성하였다. ${\beta}-Ni(OH)_2$ 슈도커패시터의 유연하고 효율적인 비용의 전극으로서 높은 비정전용량, 우수한 전기화학 가역성, 그리고 뛰어난 사이클 안정성을 보였다. 이런 쉬운 방법으로 유연한 전도성 직물에 합성된 metal hydroxide/oxide 나노구조는 웨어러블 에너지 저장소자와 변환소자 분야에 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.325-328
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• 2009

In this study, A Magnetic stimulation Pulse Train control technique is introduced and applied to Flyback converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode. In contrast to the conventional pulse width modulation control scheme, the principal idea of a Magnetic stimulation Pulse Train is to achieve output voltage regulation using high and low power pulses. The proposed technique is applicable to any converter operating in discontinuous conduction. However, this work mainly focuses on Flyback topology. In this paper, the main mathematical concept of the new control algorithm is introduced and simulations as well as experimental results are presented.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.9 no.2 s.17
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• pp.152-160
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• 2005

A prescaler is an essential building block for PLL-based frequency synthesizers and must satisfy high-speed and low-power characteristics. The design of D-flip flips used in the prescaler implementation is thus critical. Conventional TSPC D-flip flops suffer from glitches, unbalanced propagation delay, and unnecessary charge/discharge at internal nodes in precharge phase, which results in increased power consumption. In this paper a new dynamic D-flip flop is proposed to overcome these problems. Glitches are minimized using discharge suppression scheme, speed is improved by making balanced propagation delay, and low power consumption is achieved by removing unnecessary discharge. The proposed D-flip flop is employed in designing a 128/129 dual-modulus prescaler using $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process parameters. The designed prescaler operates up to 5GHz while conventional one can operate up to 4.5GHz under same conditions. It consumes 0.394mW at 4GHz that is a 34% improved result compared with conventional one.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.506-513
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• 2015

In this paper, an output-capacitorless, low-dropout (LDO) regulator is designed, which consumes $4.5{\mu}A$ quiescent current. Proposed LDO regulator is realized using two amplifier for good load regulation and fast response time, which provide high gain, high bandwidth, and high slew rate. In addition, a one-shot current boosting circuit is added for current control to charge and discharge the parasitic capacitance at the pass transistor gate. As a result, response time is improved during load-current transition. The designed circuit is implemented through a $0.11-{\mu}m$ CMOS process. We experimentally verify output voltage fluctuation of 260mV and recovery time of $0.8{\mu}s$ at maximum load current 200mA.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.7
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• pp.39-46
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• 2009

A fast-switching current-pulse driver for light emitting diode (LED) backlight is proposed. It uses a regulated drain current mirror (RD-CM) [1] and a high-voltage NMOS transistor (HV-NMOS). It achieves the fast-response current-pulse switching by using a dynamic gain-boosting amplifier (DGB-AMP). The DGB-AMP does not discharge the large HV-NMOS gate capacitance of the RD-CM when the output current switch turns off. Therefore, it does not need to charge the HV-NMOS gate capacitance when the switch turns on. The proposed current-pulse driver achieves the fast current switching by removing the repetitive gate discharging and charging. Simulation results were verified with measurements performed on a fabricated chip using a 5V/40V 0.5um BCD process. It reduces the switching delay to 360ns from 700ns of the conventional current-pulse driver.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.321-325
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• 2012

In this work, we prepared the activated graphite nanofibers (A-GNFs) via chemical activation with KOH/GNFs ratios in a range of 0 to 5. The effect of KOH activation was studied in the surface and pore properties of the samples for electrochemical performance. The surface properties of A-GNFs were characterized by XRD and SEM measurements. The textural properties of the A-GNFs were investigated by $N_2$/77 K adsorption isotherms using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation. Their electrochemical behaviors were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge performance. From the results, electrochemical performances of the A-GNFs were improved with increasing the ratio of KOH reagent. It was found that specific surface area and total pore volume of the A-GNFs were increased by KOH activation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2015

The nanostructural graphene/vanadium oxide (graphene/$V_2O_5$) composite with enhanced capacitance was synthesized by the electro-deposition in 0.5 M $VOSO_4$ solution. The morphology of composites was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxidation states of the electro-deposited vanadium oxide was found to be $V^{5+}$ and $V^{4+}$. The morphology of the prepared graphene/$V_2O_5$ composite exhibits a netlike nano-structure with $V_2O_5$ nanorods in about 100 nm diameter, which could lead a better contact between electrolyte an electrode. The composite with a deposition time of 4,000 s exhibits the specific capacitance of $854mF/cm^2$ at a scan rate of 20 mV/s and the capacitance retention of 53% after 1000 CV cycles.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.94-98
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• 2008

In order to improve the specific capacitance of amorphous hydrous manganese oxide ($MnO_2$) for supercapacitors, it is made into composites with vapour-grown carbon nanofibers (VGCF) having the VGCF ratio as 40 wt% in the composites. The electrochemical properties of these composites are investigated in 1.0 M $Na_2SO_4$ by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance measurements and chronopotentiometric charger/discharger. The composite with 40 wt% VGCF shows the superior electrochemical performance, whose specific capacitance (based on the mass of $MnO_2$, $0.8mg/cm^2$) is 380 F/g at 20 mV/s and 230 F/g at 500 mV/s. Also, the cycle-life testing of this electrode carried out for 3,000 charge/discharge cycles at $2.0mA/cm^2$ shows 97% capacitance retention.