• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.127-135
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• 2016

Even thought modernized marine navigation devices help navigators, marine accidents has been often occurred and ship collision is one of the main types of the accidents. Various studies on the assessment method of collision risk have been reported, and studies using fuzzy theory are remarkable for the reason that reflect linguistic and ambiguous criteria for real situations. In these studies, collision risks were assessed on the assumption that the current state of navigation ship would be maintained. However, navigators ignore or turn off frequent alarms caused by the devices predicting collision risk, because they think that they can avoid the collisions in the most of situations. This paper proposes a model of predicting ship collision risk considering the general patterns of collision avoidance, and the approach is based on fuzzy inference and discrete event system specification (DEVS) formalism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.133-135
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• 2020

현재 자율운항선박의 성공적 달성을 위해 다양한 연구개발이 진행 중이며 이와 관련하여 자율운항선박의 안전항해 지원을 위해 자율운항 지원 서비스와 해양사고 대응 서비스가 개발되고 있다. 자율운항 지원 서비스는 전자해도표시시스템(ECDIS, Electronic Chart Display and Information System)에서 수립하는 항로 계획 정보를 육상 운항조정상황실에 전송하여 충돌 위험 예측 후 유용한 정보를 자율운항선박에게 제공하는 서비스이다. 이 서비스를 통해 타 선박과 자율운항선박간의 조우 지점과 타 선박의 사전 변침정보를 미리 알 수 있기 때문에 충돌 예측 정보로써 활용할 수 있다. 해양사고 대응 서비스는 현재 사람에 의존적인 해양사고 상황인식 및 해양사고 대응기관에 전파하는 것을 자동으로 상황을 인식하고 사고 대응하는 서비스이다. 이 서비스를 통해 사고 단계별 유용한 정보를 사고선박 및 주변 해양사고 대응기관에 정보를 제공함으로써 추가적인 해양사고 방지와 즉각 대응이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 2가지 서비스를 성공적으로 제공하기 위해 시스템의 요구사항을 분석하고 시스템 아키텍처를 설계하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.77-79
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• 2011

과거 해양사고분석은 해양사고관련자의 증언이나 해도, 갑판로그북 등 해양사고관련자가 직접 작성한 서류 및 선교에서 기록되는 기관사용 기록 및 침로 기록 등 일부 자료만을 이용하여 분석하였다. 근래 VTS 항행기록 및 VDR 탑재가 강제화 되면서 더 많은 판단자료가 제공되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 FMSS를 이용하여 해양사고의 분석을 더 효율적으로 수행하는 방법을 제시하고 과거의 충돌사고를 이러한 방법으로 분석하였다. 해양사고의 효율적인 분석을 통하여 해양사고 저감방안을 수립하는데 유용한 수단이 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2017

Enlargement and speed-up of a ship and diversification of ship's type have served to greatly increase the importance of marine transport means. It's reported that accident occurrence frequency of collision is high next to engine damage among the ship accident types, and that the accident ratio according to human factors is also high. In addition, ship accidents come to occur caused by complex cause factors rather than a sole cause factor, it is necessary to investigate the cause factors through the written verdict. This study proposed the cause factors of collision ship accident on the basis of human factors in collision ship accident among the written verdicts provided by the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal, and inquired into the cause factor and effect through the correlation analysis of accident occurrence factors. Also, this study predicted the collision accident through analyzed the major cause factor of the occurrence at the zero minute when collision on the basis of the time taken from the time point of detecting collision of ships to the time point of collision occurrence. This study used commercial software-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Ver21.0) to do correlation analysis. For time analysis, this study analyzed the cause factor and time by analyzing the time taken from the time point of detected ships to the time point of collision occurrence on the basis of the written verdicts. The study analysis showed that there were many cases of collision ship accidents occurrence caused by more than two sorts of cause factors, and that the case (zero minute) where there is no time to spare for collision avoidance accounted for 36.1 %, and negligence in guard or surveillance of the other ship, and sailing while drowsy, or drinking was a contributor to an accident. Poor watch keeping is very strong relationship with pool ready for sail.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.290-293
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• 2014

하인리히 법칙에 따르면, 하나의 대형사고는 다수의 경미한 사고나 수많은 근접한 위험상황이 발생한 위치에서 발생할 확률이 높다. 해상교통상황에서도 양 선박이 충돌 위험이 있는 상황, 즉 근접사고 상황은 해상교통관련 대형 사고를 예방하는 관점에서 중요하다. 하지만, 아직까지 이러한 근접사고 자료는 VTS데이터 접근에 어려움, 관련 전문 기법 부족 등으로 수집 분석하는데 어려움이 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해상교통 근접사고를 조우하는 선박간에 시공간적으로 충돌에 근접한 상황들이 발생하여 충돌의 위험이 일정한 값 이상으로 높아진 상황으로 정의하고, 2013년도 완도VTS 관제해역 해상교통 항적데이터를 적용하여 근접사고 통계를 분석하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2014

In this paper, characteristics and types of vehicle accidents involving buses that differ from common passenger cars are analyzed. When heavy vehicles are involved in collision accidents, the external impulse conveyed through bus tire from road surface cannot be ignored, so the conventional rigid-body impact model cannot be applied. As a solution, an analysis model which directly considers the tire impulse or considers the bus as moving barrier has been proposed. Also, as there are many instances in which the location of contact point or coefficients related to rotational motion cannot be estimated, utilization of point-mass collision model has been sought. By applying the proposed analysis model to an actual accident case and comparing with the result of the conventional analysis which does not consider the tire impulse, it is shown that the velocity of bus and other values close to the actual amount can be obtained.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.115-121
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• 2012

In spite of serious injuries caused by traffic accidents of car-pedestrian, the dispute is constantly occurring and economic losses and mental suffering is escalating since the cause of accidents is not scientifically identified. This study reviewed vehicle dynamics, driving dynamics, collision dynamics, traffic and road engineering for traffic accidents analysis based on traffic accidents related physically objective evidence and analysed the cause of accidents by getting results which applied vehicle initial collision velocity before collision, processing trajectory, collision stance, vehicle velocity before & after collision and parameter by using PC-Crash program. I found that skid mark and collision velocity of car-pedestrian had the error of 11.2%, 2,27% compared to theoretical values.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2010

The impact speed estimation practice used in the car-bicycle accident analysis practice in Korea was mainly dependent on foreign study results which were tested with limited speed ranges and vehicle types, but the characteristics of roadway, human body, and vehicle performance were quite different. This study developed an impact speed estimation model using the car-bicycle accident field data. For this, a regression analysis was performed using the impact speed and bicycle throw distance collected from 23 real accident data, and statistical test was also conducted. For the verification of the induced model, the impact speeds derived from the model were compared with the true impact speeds estimated from skid marks of two accident cases. The result showed that the two speeds were very close to each other. It is believed that the model could be included in the car-bicycle accident analysis practice.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.199-211
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• 2008

This study deals with the side right-angle collisions of 4-legged signalized intersections in Cheongju. The goals are to analyze the characteristics of accidents and to find out the accident factors that affect severity using ordered probit model. In pursuing the above, the study uses the data of 580 side right-angle collisions occurred at the 181 intersections(2004-2005). The analyses show that more accidents were occurred in the nighttime and in going straight. The main cause was analyzed to be the red-light violation. Also, the main results of modeling are the following, First, the likelihood ratio index is 0.094 and t-ratio values that explain goodness of fit are significant. Second, minor road traffic volumes, minor road lanes, major road left-turn lanes, major road left-turn signal, major road yellow signal time, cross angle, major and minor road speed limits are significant factors affecting crash severities at signalized intersections.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.180-182
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• 2012

선박충돌사고 원인의 제공 정도를 밝혀 해양사고를 재발방지를 목적으로 1999년 2월 "선박충돌사고 원인제공비율 산정제도"를 마련하였으며, 2007년 1월 원인제공비율 산정지침을 제정하여 시행해 오고 있다. 이 제도의 또 다른 도입목적은 해양안전심판원의 원인제공비율을 민사재판에서 사법부가 적극 인용함으로써 해양사고관련자들 간의 신속한 분쟁해결과 경제적 부담 감송 등에 기여함에 있다. 그러나 민사소송에 있어 제공된 원인제공비율이 과실비율로 인정되는 등의 이유로 원인제공비율 산정제도가 사법권의 침해하고 있다는 문제점도 지적되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원인제공비율 산정제도의 시행 이후 이 제도의 시행자 및 사용자 등 전문가 집단을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 제도의 효과 및 문제점 등을 분석하였다. 전문가 집단 응답자의 대부분이 제도의 필요성 (94.3%), 유용성 (88.6%) 및 신뢰성 (73%)을 피력하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 이 제도가 필요한 이유로는 "손해배상분쟁의 신속한 해결", "충돌사고 재발방지", 그리고 "이해당사자의 편의제공" 때문임을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 제도의 개선을 위해서는 원인제공 비율의 표시에 있어 보다 객관적인 기준과 정량성 및 전문성의 확보가 필요하다는 지적도 확인하였다. 따라서 원인제공비율 산정제도의 개선방안으로 원인제공비율산정에 대한 신뢰성 및 공정성의 확보, 심판관에 대한 법률적 지식과 법적 소양강화 및 전문법조인의 심판관으로의 영입 등이 필요하다고 판단된다.