• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.24-24
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• 2000

작업 중 공구를 관에 떨어뜨리거나 작업하기 위해 관을 이동하던 중 다른 물체에 부딪힐 경우 복합재로 만들어진 관이 손상을 입게 되는 경우가 생기는데 관이 상황에 따라 얼마나 손상을 입었는지가 본 연구의 관심이다. 충격자는 직경이 25.4mm와 12.7mm인 반구형 2종류와 모서리의 직경이 15mm인 원추형 1종류로 각각 무게가 다르며, 떨어뜨리는 자유낙하 높이는 120mm에서 700mm로 종류에 따라 간격을 달리했다. 실험 장치로는 Dynatup 8250을 사용했으며 충격에너지, 최대충격하중, 충격변위, contact diameter를 측정했다. 시험 후 시편은 방사선 촬영을 하여 충격자의 종류에 따라 손상의 정도가 어떻게 다른지를 파악했다. 직경이 25.4mm인 반구형의 충격자는 표면의 손상은 적었으나 복합재 관의 내부에 delamination이 많이 생겼으며 직경이 12.7mm인 반구형의 충격자는 표면의 손상이 심했으나 내부의 delamination이 상대적으로 적었다. Contact diameter와 최대충격하중과의 관계는 실험치와 이론치가 잘 일치했으나 Kinetic energy와 최대충격하중과의 관계는 실험치와 이론치의 차이가 있었다.

• Composites Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2000

The objective of this research is to develop the impact monitoring techniques providing impact identification and damage diagnostics of smart composite laminates susceptible to impacts. This can be implemented simultaneously by using the acoustic waves by the impact loads and the acoustic emission waves from damage. In the previous research, we have discussed the impact location detection process in which impact generated acoustic waves are detected by PZT using the improved neural network paradigm. This paper describes the implementation of time-frequency analysis such as the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and the Wavelet Transform (WT) on the determination of the occurrence and the estimation of damage.

• Composites Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.22-32
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• 2001

Damage induced by low-velocity impact on the curved composite laminates was experimentally evaluated for CFRP cylindrical shells with the radius of curvatures of 50, 150, 300, and 500 mm. The result was then compared with that of flat laminates and with the results by nonlinear finite-element analysis. The radius of curvatures and the effective shell stiffness appeared to considerably affect the dynamic impact response of curved shells. Under the same impact energy level, the maximum contact force increased with the decreasing radius of curvatures, with reaching 1.5 times that for plates at the radius of curvature of 50 mm. Since the maximum contact farce is directly related to the impact damage, curved laminates can be more susceptible to delamination and less resistant to the low-velocity impact damage. Delamination was distributed rather evenly at each interface along the thickness direction of curved laminates on the contrary to the case of flat laminates, where delamination is typically concentrated at the interfaces away from the impact point. This implies that the effect of curvatures has to be considered for the design of a curved composite laminate.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 1997

Impact behavior of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) laminates were evaluated with tension test and compact tension test. A steel ball launched by an air gun collides against CFRP laminates to generate impact damage of relatively low energy. The static tensile and fracture toughness tests were performed to evaluate the residual strength and the AE behavior of impact-damaged laminates. As a results, it was found that the static strength, the fracture toughness and the AE-event count were decreased with increasing of impact velocity and delamination area, and to have a different strength ratio and fracture toughness ratio for each stacking method. And also, it was confirmed that strength and fracture toughness of impact-damaged CFRP laminates could be evaluated and analyzed quantitatively by AE techniques.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.723-734
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 투사체의 충격으로 인해 복합재에 발생하는 손상을 해석하기 위해 우선 이와 관련이 있는 손상에너지를 구할 수 있도록 동적 유한요소 프로그램을 개발하는데 있으며, 이렇게 구한 결과들을 Husman의 실험결과와 비교함으로써 본 논문 의 유한요소 프로그램이 적층복합보에 충격으로 인하여 전달되는 총에너지와 손상에너 지를 구하는데 타당한 것인가를 검토하고 이 프로그램을 이용하여 다음과 같은 것들을 해석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.369-376
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• 2014

This paper presents a method that integrates passive and active-sensing techniques for the structural health monitoring of plate-like structures. Three piezoelectric transducers are deployed in a L-shape to detect and locate an impact event by measuring and processing the acoustic emission data. The same sensor arrays are used to estimate the subsequent structural damage using guided waves. Because this method does not require a prior knowledge of the structural parameters, such as the wave velocity profile in various directions, accurate results could be achieved even on anisotropic or curved plates. A series of experiments was performed on plates, including a spar-wing structure, to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method. The performance was also compared to that of traditional approaches and the superior capability of the proposed method was experimentally demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3148-3154
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• 2010

This paper presents the probabilistic analysis for fatigue life of Glass/Epoxy laminates with impact-induced damage. For this, a series of impact tests were perfomed on the Glass/Epoxy laminates using instrumented impact testing machine. Then, tensile and fatigue tests carried out so as to generate post-impact residual strength and fatigue life. Two Parameter Weibull distribution was used to fit the residual strength and fatigue life data of Glass/Epoxy composite laminates. The residual strength was affected by impact energy and their variance decreased with increasing of impact energy. The fatigue life of impacted laminates was greatly reduced by impact energy and this trend depended on applied stress amplitude. Additionally, the variation of fatigue life was gradually decreased with the applied stress amplitude.

• Composites Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.7-13
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• 2002

The piezoelectric thin film sensor has good characteristics to observe the impact responses of composite structures. The capabilities for monitoring impact behavior of Gr/Ep laminates subjected to damage-induced impact using the PVDF(polyvinylidene fluoride) film sensor were examined. For a series of low-velocity impact tests from low energy to damage-induced energy, simulated sensor signals were compared with measured signals and the PVDF film sensor. Local impact damages(matrix cracking and delamination) were found at three impact tests, but the measured signals agreed well with the simulated sensor signals based on the linear relationship between the impact forces and the PVDF film sensor signals. And the inverse technique was applied to reconstruct the impact forces using the PVDF film sensor signals. Most of reconstructed impact forces had good agreement with the measured forces. The comparison results showed that the local damage due. to low-velocity impact didn't disturb the global impact responses of composite laminates and the reconstruction of impact forces from PVDF sensor signals wasn't affected by the local damage.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.465-475
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• 2010

구조물의 손상을 평가하기 위한 적용되는 태핑 테스트를 효과적이고, 정확하게 사용하기 위하여 적층판의 충격 시 발생하는 현상을 수치적인 방법을 이용하여 해석하였다. 구조물의 진동에 의해 방사되는 음은 구조물의 거동과 직접적으로 연관되므로 충격응답해석이 수행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 층간분리가 존재하는 적층판의 해석을 위하여 층간분리 모델을 사용하였으며, 해머 형상의 충격체를 모사할 수 있는 효과적인 스프링-질량모델을 제시하였다. 또한 태핑 테스트 시 방사되는 음압을 Rayleigh 적분식을 이용하여 해석하였다. 예측된 음압이력과 시험결과와 비교하였으며, 음압이력과 충격하중이력에 손상이 주는 영향을 검토하였다. 방사되는 음압과 충격하중이력은 적층판에 존재하는 손상에 영향을 받는 것을 보였다. 결과적으로 제안된 음을 이용한 태핑실험은 복합재에 존재하는 손상을 검출하는데 신뢰성 있는 방법임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2012

In order to evaluate the effect of structural degradation of a GFRP composite bogie frame due to ballast-flying phenomena, the impact test and residual compression test after impact was conducted for glass fiber/epoxy 4-harness satin woven laminate composites applied to skin part of a bogie frame. The impact test was performed using a instrumented impact testing system with energy levels of 5J, 10J, and 20J, and the impactor was designed to have various ballast shapes such as sphere, cube, and cone to consider the ballasted track environments. The residual compression strength was tested to evaluate the degradation of mechanical properties of impact-damaged laminate composites. The results showed that the damage area and the degradation of residual compressive strength after impact for laminate composites was increased with increase of impact energy for all ballast shapes, and was particularly most influenced by ballast shape of cone.