• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.63-83
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was to examine HIV/AIDS knowledge of transmission, attitudes toward homosexuals on stigma of HIV/AIDS and discriminatory attitudes towards person with HIV/AIDS (PWHAs) by middle and high school students in Seoul, Korea. Methods: The population of this study is middle and high school students in Seoul, Korea. Eight junior high schools and eight senior high schools were selected randomly. Three thousand and one hundred thirty-one students (1704 males and 1397 males) from 16 schools participated in the survey, and 2.977 cases were analyzed. A self-administered questionnaire measuring socio-demographic variables, HIV/AIDS knowledge of transmission, sigma of HIV/AIDS (3 items, 5-point Likert-type scale) and discriminatory attitudes PWHAs (5 items, 5-point Likert-type scale) was utilized. The Structural Equation Modeling was employed to investigate the research Model. Results: The empirical study shows that a number of statistical hypotheses are significant. The stigma and discriminatory attitudes PWHAs were significantly different by middle and high school students. The attitudes toward homosexuals and HIV/AIDS knowledge of transmission were important factors on stigma and discriminatory attitudes PWHAs. Socio-demographical variables such as sex was related to the stigma and discriminatory attitudes PWHAs. Conclusion: Therefore, it is important to design HIV prevention strategies that increase in positive attitudes towards PWHAs.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1655-1665
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• 2014

Dynamic displacements of structures shows general behavior of structures. Generally, It is used to estimate structure condition and trustworthy physical quantity directly. Especially, measuring vertical displacement which is affected by moving load is very important part to find or identify a problem of bridge in advance. However directly measuring vertical displacement of the bridge is difficult because of test conditions and restriction of measuring equipment. In this study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to suggest estimation method of bridge displacement to overcome constrain conditions, restriction and so on. Horizontal strain and vertical displacement which are measured by appling random moving load on the bridge are applied for learning and verification of ANN. Measured horizontal strain is used to learn ANN to estimate vertical displacement of the bridge. Numerical analysis is used to acquire learning data for axis strain and vertical displacement for applying ANN. Moving load scenario which is made by vehicle type and vehicle distance time using Pearson Type III distribution is applied to analysis modeling to reflect real traffic situation. Estimated vertical displacement in respect of horizontal strain according to learning result using ANN is compared with vertical displacement of experiment and it presents vertical displacement of experiment well.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.24-32
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 다시점 카메라부터 획득된 부분적인 3D 점군을 사용하여 실내환경의 3D 복원을 위한 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 지금까지 다양한 양안차 추정 알고리즘이 제안되었으며, 이는 활용 가능한 깊이 영상이 다양함을 의미한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 일반화된 다시점 카메라를 이용하여 실내환경을 복원하는 방법을 다룬다. 첫 번째, 3D 점군들의 시간적 특성을 기반으로 변화량이 큰 3D 점들을 제거하고, 공간적 특성을 기반으로 주변의 3D 점을 참조하여 빈 영역을 채움으로써 깊이 영상 정제 과정을 수행한다. 두 번째, 연속된 두 시점에서의 3D 점군을 동일한 영상 평면으로 투영하고, 수정된 KLT (Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi) 특징 추적기를 사용하여 대응점을 찾는다. 그리고 대응점 간의 거리 오차를 최소화함으로써 정밀한 정합을 수행한다. 마지막으로, 여러 시점에서 획득된 3D 점군과 한 쌍의 2D 영상을 동시에 이용하여 3D 점들의 위치를 세밀하게 조절함으로써 최종적인 3D 모델을 생성한다. 제안된 방법은 대응점을 2D 영상 평면에서 찾음으로써 계산의 복잡도를 줄였으며, 3D 데이터의 정밀도가 낮은 경우에도 효과적으로 동작한다. 또한, 다시점 카메라를 이용함으로써 수 시점에서의 깊이 영상과 컬러 영상만으로도 실내환경 3D 복원이 가능하다. 제안된 방법은 네비게이션 뿐만 아니라 상호작용을 위한 3D 모델 생성에 활용될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.67-70
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• 2009

H.264/AVC 동영상 표준은 기존의 동영상 표준과 비교했을 때 뛰어난 압축률을 보인다. 특히 세밀한 움직임 예측을 통해 영상을 효율적으로 압축하지만 움직임 예측은 H.264/AVC 동영상 표준의 높은 복잡도의 원인 중 하나이다. 따라서 H.264/AVC의 부호화 시간을 단축하기 위해서는 고속 움직임 추정 기법이 필수적이다. 일반적으로 영상 신호는 인접한 화면과 매크로블록 사이에서 상관관계가 높고 부호화하고자 하는 매크로블록의 움직임벡터는 인접한 매크로블록에서 결정된 최적의 움직임 벡터와 유사한 방향성을 가진다. 그러므로 고정된 탐색 영역의 크기를 이용하면 불필요한 영역까지 움직임 예측 과정이 수행되어 계산량이 증가한다. 본 논문에서는 영상의 공간적, 시간적 상관도를 이용하여 탐색 영역의 크기를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 인접하는 블록들의 움직임 벡터의 표준편차를 이용하여 움직임이 작은 영역에서는 작은 탐색 영역을 이용하여 움직임 예측을 수행하고 반대로 움직임이 큰 영역에서는 큰 탐색 영역을 이용하여 움직임 예측을 수행한다. 또한 현재 화면과 참조 화면의 거리차가 클수록 참조 화면으로 선택되는 확률이 낮다는 사실을 이용하여 적응적으로 탐색 영역의 크기를 조절한다. 제안한 방법은 기존의 전 영역 탐색 방법과 유사한 부호화 성능을 보이면서 움직임 예측 시간이 평균 약 58.93% 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2012

Deformation of Lead plate blast pressure meter were measured after they were exposed to surface blasting. Blasting pressure was determined by comparing the data with calibration graph which was drawn from the laboratory experiments with gas gun of Hopkinson bar tester. The results were compared with calculated values from the equations of CONWEP (Conventional Weapons Effects Program) and DDESB (Department of Defence Explosives Safety Board). Measured values were lower than calculated values in near field. Gradual decaying tendency of the pressure was observed. It means that estimated blasting pressure of very near field with theoretical equations can be uncertain.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.549-559
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• 2015

The MDPDE is an attractive alternative to maximum likelihood estimator because of the strong robustness properties that it inherently possess. The characteristics of MDPDE can be varied with the tuning parameter, in general, there is a trade-off between robustness and asymptotic efficiency. Hence, selection of optimal tuning parameter is important but complicated task. In this study, we introduce two optimal tuning parameter selection methods proposed by Fujisawa and Eguchi (2005) and Warwick (2006). Through simulation study, we found out that Warwick's method yields excessively small optimal tuning parameter in certain cases while Fujisawa and Eguchi's method performs well. Therefore, we think Fujisawa and Eguchi's method can be used commonly for finding optimal tuning parameter of MDPDE.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.835-847
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• 2016

To analyze lattice or areal data, a conditionally autoregressive (CAR) model has been widely used in the eld of spatial analysis. The spatial neighborhoods within CAR model are generally formed using only inter-distance or boundaries between regions. Kyung and Ghosh (2010) proposed a new class of models to accommodate spatial variations that may depend on directions. The proposed model, a directional conditionally autoregressive (DCAR) model, generalized the usual CAR model by accounting for spatial anisotropy. Properties of maximum likelihood estimators of a Gaussian DCAR are discussed. The method is illustrated using a data set of median property prices across Greater Glasgow, Scotland, in 2008.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2020

2019년 10월 2일 ~ 3일 한반도에 상륙한 태풍 미탁으로 인해 사망 12명, 실종 3명, 부상 11명의 인명피해가 발생하였으며, 피해의 주된 원인은 토석류를 동반한 산사태로 나타났다. 특히 10월 10일 1차 특별재난지역으로 선포된 삼척시 원덕읍 갈남리 일대에는 산사태 발생 추정시간(10.2일 23:00)의 최대 시우량 110.5mm, 피해발생 양일 누적강우량(10.2.~10.3.) 417mm를 기록하였고 태풍과 집중호우에 따른 토석류가 갈남리 일대 유역에서 동시다발적으로 발생하여 하류부에 위치한 인근 지역에 관내 639세대, 1,167명의 이재민과 1,896백만원의 피해액이 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 피해가 발생한 삼척시 갈남리 일대를 중심으로 경계조건 및 지형자료를 구축하기 위해 현장조사를 통하여 토석류의 시작지점, 계류의 폭 등 피해 발생 지점에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 그리고 RAMMS 모델링을 이용하여 토석류의 유동특성인 유동심 및 유속을 분석하여 비교적 높은 유동심·유속이 확인되는 위치에 토석류 저감시설을 구축하였다. 이를 바탕으로 저감시설의 설치 위치에 변화를 주어 토석류의 확산면적, 이동거리 등 저감 된 유출량을 평가함으로 저감시설의 최적 위치 선정을 제시한다.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.51-60
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• 2007

Infinite failure NHPP models presented in the literature exhibit either constant, monotonic increasing or monotonic decreasing failure occurrence rates per fault. In this paper, exponential distribution and Rayleigh distribution model was reviewed, proposes the mixture reliability model, which made out efficiency substituted for situation for failure time Algorithm to estimate the parameters used to maximum likelihood estimator and bisection method, model selection based on SSE and Kolmogorov distance, for the sake of efficient model, was employed. Analysis of failure using S27 data set for the sake of proposing shape parameter of the mixture distribution was employed. This analysis of failure data compared with the mixture distribution model and the existing model(using arithmetic and Laplace trend tests, bias tests) is presented.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.514-522
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• 2007

Finite failure NHPP models presented in the literature exhibit either constant, monotonic increasing or monotonic decreasing failure occurrence rates per fault. In this parer, Goel-Okumoto and Yamada-Ohba-Osaki model was reviewed, proposes the Burr distribution reliability model, which making out efficiency application for software reliability. Algorithm to estimate the parameters used to maximum likelihood estimator and bisection method, model selection based on SSE, AIC statistics and Kolmogorov distance, for the sake of efficient model, was employed. Analysis of failure using real data set for the sake of proposing shape parameter of the Burr distribution was employed. This analysis of failure data compared with the Burr distribution model and the existing model(using arithmetic and Laplace trend tests, bias tests) is presented.