• Bulletin of Korea Environmental Preservation Association
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• v.27 s.359
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• pp.32-35
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• 2005

오염물질을 실시간으로 측정해 배출사고를 예방할 수 있는 원격측정시스템(TMS : Tele-metering System)이 폐수 배출사업장에도 도입된다. 환경부는 오는 2007년까지 1~3종 배출업소와 하$\cdot$폐수종말처리시설 등 2,443개 폐수배출사업장에 오염물질 측정기기를 부착해 환경관리공단에 설치될 관제센터에 연결한다고 밝혔다. 이를 통해 한해 동안 배출되는 폐수의 86.2%가 실시간으로 관리될 전망이다. 배출사업장은 폐수의 특성에 따라 유량계, 자동시료채취기, 생물학적산소요구량(BOD)$\cdot$화학적산소요구량(COD),$\cdot$총질소(T-N)$\cdot$총인(T-P)$\cdot$부유물질(SS)측정기기 등을 최소 1종부터 최대 7종까지 설치해야 한다. 그러나 자동측정이 어려운 총대장균군수$\cdot$색도$\cdot$노르말헥산 등은 수동측정법을 유지키로 했다. 업체별로 최대 1억7천~2억원까지 예상되는 설치비는 사업자의 부담을 덜기 위해 융자 지원할 계획이다. 이에 본지에서는 그 내용을 간략히 파악해 보고자 한다.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2020

Growth tests on the Wando and Baengnyeongdo cultivars of Saccharina japonica were performed at the Myeongcheon and Gyedo aquafarms, Goheung in Jeollanamdo, from February to July in 2003. Five environmental conditions and 2 traits were measured monthly. The data were used to analyze the growth patterns, relationships between traits and principal component. Box plots were used to display the growth patterns. Scatter plots and regression and correlation coefficients were used to determine the strength of relationships between the traits. A principal component analysis revealed that the first principal component explained more than 91.4% and 90.5% of the total sample variance in the Myeongcheon and Gyedo aquafarms. From the viewpoint of the economic traits (blade length, blade weight), the growth of populations from the Gyedo aquafarm was stronger than that of those from the Myeongcheon aquafarm, and the growth of the Baengnyeongdo cultivar was superior to that of the Wando one.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.488-488
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• 2018

본 연구는 보 구간에서 조류와 조류 발생원인 물질의 거동해석 및 조류예측모델의 입력 자료로 활용하기 위하여 부유물질의 침강량과 침강속도를 조사하였다. 낙동강 수계 4개보(달성보, 강정고령보, 합천창녕보, 창녕함안보)를 대상으로 2017년 6월, 7월, 11월, 12월에 조사하였으며, Sediment trap을 이용하여 포집한 침강물질에 대해 seston, POC, PON, POP, Chl-a, Pheo-a의 침강량, 침강속도 및 물질의 함량비를 분석하였다. 조사기간 동안 낙동강수계 4개보 지점에서 seston, POC, PON, POP, Chl-a, Pheo-a 의 침강량은 각각 $322.7{\sim}58,011.5mg/m^2/day$, $33.8{\sim}1,127.2mg/m^2/day$, $4.2{\sim}150.6mg/m^2/day$, $0.667{\sim}10.634mg/m^2/day$, $0.3{\sim}18.7mg/m^2/day$, $0.3{\sim}14.7mg/m^2/day$의 범위로 나타났으며, seston, POC, PN, PP, Chl-a의 침강속도는 각각 0.02~1.46m/day, 0.02~1.36m/day, 0.03~3.18m/day, 0.01~1.18m/day, 0.02~0.60 m/day의 범위로 나타났다. 조사기간 동안 4개보 지점의 평균 침강속도는 seston 0.94m/day, POC 0.44m/day, PON 0.52m/day, POP 0.21m/day, Chl-a 0.22m/day로 보 건설 전인 2004년도 낙동강 본류 지점에서의 침강속도(seston 14.54 m/day, POC 18.32m/day, PON 1.64m/day, POP 5.96m/day, Chl-a 0.29m/day)에 비해 적은 것으로 나타났다. 한편 활성을 잃은 식물플랑크톤을 나타내는 Pheo-a의 농도와 살아있는 식물플랑크톤의 현존량의 지표 Chl-a의 농도 비교결과 죽거나 활성을 잃은 식물플랑크톤의 양이 평균 1.5배 많은 것으로 나타났다. 조사기간 동안 4개 보 지점의 Sediment trap 포집된 침강물 내 C:N비는 2.0~7.4 범위로, N;P비는 14.2~52.5 범위로, C/Chl-a비는 14.4~253.3의 범위로 나타났다. 일반적으로 조류의 C/Chl-a 비가 40으로 볼 때 본 연구에서 조사된 보 지점에서의 침강물은 외부로부터 유입된 유기물이 많은 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 조류의 침강속도는 조류의 종을 구분하지 않은 총 조류에 대한 것으로, 향후 보 구간에서 종 조성을 고려한 조류예측 모델을 향상시키기 위해서는 조류 종별에 대한 침강속도에 대한 연구할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1115-1128
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suspended solids and eutrophication processes relationships in Chungju lake using CE-QUAL-W2, two-dimensional (2D) longitudinal/vertical hydrodynamic and water quality model. For water quality modeling, the lake segmentation was configured as 7 branches system according to their shape and tributary distribution. The model was calibrated (2010) and validated (2008) using 2 years of field data of water temperature, suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and algae (Chl-a). The water temperature began to increase in depth from April and the stratification occurred at about 10 m early July heavy rain. The high SS concentration of the interflow density currents entering from the watershed was well simulated especially for July 2008 heavy rainfall event. The simulated concentration range of TN and TP was acceptable, but the errors might occur form the poor reflection for sedimentation velocity of nitrogen component and adsorption-sediment of phosphorus in model. The concentration of Chl-a was simulated well with the algal growth patterns in summer of 2010 and 2008, but the error of under estimation may come from the use of width-averaged velocity and concentration, not considering the actual to one side inclination by wind effect.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.93-108
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• 1992

This study was conducted to understand the variation of suspended matters in coastal waters of Cheju Island. Water sampling was carried out at 22 stations along the coast of this island from March 1988 to November 1989. Analyzed and/or observed items were water temperature, salinity, total solids (TS), total dissolved solids (TDS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), and fixed suspended solids (FSS). Inter-relationships between wind velocity, precipitation and total suspended solids (TSS) were also investigated. More windy days prevail in winter season (December, January and February) in Cheju Island. Thirty-six points seven percent of total windy days of a year appeared in this season. The rate of windy days in spring was $27.3\%$ and those in summer and fall were $17.9{\%}$ each. From February to July, the heaviest precipitation was observed in the southeastern area and that from August to January was observed in the eastern part of this island. TS and TDS were firmly related with the fluctuation of salinity. Therefore, there were higher in spring and lower in summer. The highest TSS (7.73 $mg/{\ell}$) was observed in February and was the lowest (4.73 $mg/{\ell}$) in September. Annual mean value of TSS was 6.3$mg/{\ell}$. The highest VSS (2.03 $mg/{\ell}$) was observed in July and lowest (1.42 $mg/{\ell}$) in September. The percentage of VSS per 755 was $30.6{\%}$ in average that was not much higher level compared to the other polluted areas. This value became higher in summer (av. $34.17{\%}$) and lower in winter (av. $24.2{\%}$). Fluctuation of TSS was mainly related with the freshwate. discharge, tidal action, and re-suspension of bottom sediments by the wind waves. Therefore, TSS concentration was low in summer and hish in winter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.190-191
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• 2000

금강은 전라북도 진안에서부터 군산 하구에 이르는 남한 4대강의 하나로써, 총 연장이 약 400km에 이르며, 집수 면적은 약 9,880$\textrm{km}^2$이다. 금강 하구에는 1988년 군산과 장항을 연결하는 총 1,841m의 금강 하구언이 건설되었다. 그러나 금강 하구언은 하구폭의 절반에 해당하는 수문은 개방해 두었다가, 1994년 8월에 배수 갑문을 닫았으며, 이후로 갑문 작동이 가동되어 산업 용수의 확보와 더불어 홍수 조절을 하게되었다(Yang and Hur, 1998). (중략)

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.238-252
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• 2015

The effect of weir construction (2009~2011) was investigated on algal bloom dynamics and surrounding conditions in the Youngsan River by analyzing the long-term (2001~2014) data provided by the Water Information System, Ministry of Environment. The data include chlorophyll a and water properties such as total suspended solids (TSS), ammonium ($NH_4{^+}$), nitrate ($NO_3{^-}$), orthophosphate ($PO{_4}^{3-}$), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and DIN/DIP molar ratio collected from 12 stations along the channel of the river. Temporal variations were examined using data collected monthly from 2001~2014 and Box-Whisker plot was used to examine the difference in algal bloom dynamics between before (2006~2008) and after (2012~2014) the weir construction. Pearson's correlation analysis was also used to analyze the correlation of parameters. The results showed that TSS affecting water turbidity increased during the construction but decreased especially at the stations located in the upper and middle regions of the river after the construction. Ammonium concentrations increased whereas the concentrations of other nutrients decreased after the construction inducing an increase in N:P molar ratio. Chlorophyll a decreased suddenly during the construction but increased clearly after the construction at the stations where TSS decreased. This indicates that algal blooms can develop in the Youngsan River due to a decrease in turbidity that increases light penetration in water column although the concentrations of nutrients such as orthophosphate were reduced after the weir construction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.868-876
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• 2015

This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of total culturable bacteria (TCB) and to identify the bacteria in thirty public facilities (7 elderly-care facilities, 4 hypermarkets, 4 university hospitals, 7 child care facilities, 4 subway stations and 4 bus terminals) in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do Province. Although all concentrations measured in these study facilities did not exceed the national maintenance standard, it is believed that elderly-, child-care facilities should be high priority facilities to improve the indoor air quality and it is important to study the health effects and the airborne bacteria concentration of public facilities including non-culturable bacteria or allergen.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1273-1280
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• 2008

This study sought to establish the optimum operating condition for the recovery of caustic (NaOH) solution from mercerization in textile process. As main factors, the silt density index (SDI) evaluation of ceramic membrane for the application of nanofiltration/reverse osmosis (NF/RO) membrane, the recovery yield measurement of caustic solution for the application of polymeric membrane, the optimum condition of chemical cleaning for the membrane regeneration, the optimum removal condition of total organic carbon (TOC), turbidity, color, and the permeate flux of ceramic membrane/polymeric membrane combined process were investigated. As results, ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) in the first step and nanofiltration (NF) in the second step were found to be suitable for the removal of total suspended solid (TSS), residual organics, turbidity including color, and the recovery of caustic solution from caustic wastewater stream in mercerization process. When only the ceramic UF membrane was used, the rejection efficiency of both of TSS and turbidity was more than 99.0%, and the color and TOC were rejected about 74.7% and 49.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the combined membrane precess of UF and NF membranes showed even more efficient removal abilities and thus more than 99.9% of TSS and turbidity, 87.7% of color, and 78.2% of TOC were removed. In particular, 91.3% of NaOH was successfully recovered with 83.7% of total volume in the combined membrane process. With this regard, a clean caustic solution was obtained in a high purity, which can be reused for mercerization process, expecting to offer economical benefits.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.2895-2901
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• 2011

SeoulMetro(line number 1 to 4) for the first half of the year. Therefore air quality in the subway is very important. It is passengers, such as sneezing and respiratory vital activities, Suspended due to skin keratin microbial action, and Microbial contaminants such as viruses. Hypersensitivity disorders, an atopic dermatitis, infectious diseases, allergic diseases, and can cause respiratory diseases. Ministry of Environment and National Institute of Environmental Research is managed so the life bacteria. It is emerging as the occupational health problems. Introduction of an appropriate ventilation system for cooling and dehumidification is needed. In line number 2, commuting and normal trains are measured in-room floating microbes. Suspended bacteria and fungi suspended in 2011 for 85 ~ 385$cfu/m^3$, 67 ~ 98$cfu/m^3$ is lower than baseline. Suspended to prevent microbial contamination and air conditioning equipment performance is a substantial improvement. Suspended micro-organisms and the impact on passenger room ventilation is increased. Electric car how to improve air quality substantially investigated.