• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.12 s.269
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• pp.906-912
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• 2006

Background: Ventricular septal defect(VSD) is rare but feared complication after acute myocardial infarction. The patient could survive by surgery only, but the surgical mortality is still high. We investigate the surgical result and predictors for early surgical mortality. Material and Method: Between August 1993 and February 2006, 8 patients (male, 2: female, 6) with postinfarct VSD underwent surgical repair. Seven patients had one-vessel disease of left anterior descending artery, and 6 of them had wide extension of infarction to posterior septal wall as well as anterior septal wall of both ventricles. One patient had concomitant coronary bypass grafting to a coronary lesion unrelated to the infarction. Two patients had concomitant tricuspid annuloplasty and 1 patient mitral valvuloplasty. Result: Surgical mortality was 37.5%(3 patients). They all had only one-vessel disease of left anterior descending artery, which made extended posterior septal wall infarction as well as anterior septal wall infarction of both ventricles. In preoperative M-mode echocardiographic study of left ventricle, they had lower ejection fraction than survivors($34.9{\pm}4.2\;vs.\;54.8{\pm}12.3$; p=0.036). Conclusion: Most of patients with postinfarction VSD had one-vessel disease of left anterior descending artery. Early surgical mortality occurred in the patients with poor ejection fraction of left ventricle and the wide anterior septal wall infarction extending to the posterior septum.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.863-868
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• 2000

배경: Cox-Maze III (CM-III) 술식은 복잡한 심방 절개로 인한 긴 수술시간 때문에 다른 개심 수술과 병행하여 시행하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 대상 및 방법: 저자들은 CM-III 술직을 다음과 같이 변형하여 시행하고 그 임상성적을 분석하였다. \circled1 좌심방이를 절제하는 대신 좌심방이를 외부에서 결찰하고, \circled2 폐정맥 분리 절개선과 좌심방이 사이에 냉동절제술을 시행하며, \circled3 우심방이를 절제하는 대신에 우심방 외측 절개선을 우심방이까지 연장하고, \circled4 후종 우심방 절개 하부에서 우심방 외측을 지나 삼첨판막륜으로 향하는 T-자 절개선을 생략하였다. 저자들이 시행한 변형 술식의 용이성과 효율성을 평가하기 위하여, 우리나라에서도 빈도가 높은 류마치스성 승모판막 질환에서, 전통적인 Cox-III 술식(그룹 I)의 임상결과와, 변형된 CM-III 술식(그룹 II)의 임상결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 그룹 I(n=18)에서 동반된 수술은 승모판막 치환술 10례, 승모판막 성형술3례, 승모판막 치환술과 삼첨판막륜 성형술3례, 승모판막 재치환술 2례 등이었다. 그룹II(n=23)에서 동반된 수술은 승모판막 치환술 7례, 승모판막 성형술 5례, 승모판막 치환술과 삼첨판막륜 성형술 1례, 승모판막 재치환술 10례 등이었다. 그룹 I과 그룹 II에서 평균 대동맥 차단 시간(ACC)은 각각 135$\pm$29분과 104$\pm$18 분, 심패바이패스(CPB) 시간은 각각 240$\pm$33분과 185$\pm$42분이었다. 그룹 I과 그룹 II의 평균 추적 관찰 기간은 각각 47$\pm$14 개월과 29$\pm$4 개월이었다. 그룹 I에서는 16례(88.9%)에서 정상 동율동으로 회복되었고 1례에서 심방세동이 남아 있었으며, 다른 1례는 서맥증후군(sick sinus syndrome)으로 인공 심박조율기를 삽입하였다. 그룹 II에서는 21례(91.3%)에서 정상 동율동으로 회복되었고 2례는 심방세동이 지속되었다. 그룹 I에서 정상동율동으로 회복된 16례는 100%(16/16)에서 우심방의 수축을 심장 초음파검사에서 확인할 수 있었으며, 좌심방의 수축은 75%(12/16)에서 확인할 수 있었다. 그룹 II에서는 정상 동율동으로 회복된 21례 중 100%(21/21)에서 우심방의 수축을 확인할 수 있었으며, 좌심방의 수축은 76.2%(16/21)에서 확인할 수 있었다. 결론: 변형 CM-III 술식은 전통 CM-III 술식에 비하여 ACC time(p<0.005)과 CPB time(p<0.001)을 의미있게 줄이면서도 필적할 만 한 정상 동율동 전환율과 심방 수축력의 회복을 보여주었다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2013

The Clay Statues of Donggwanwangmyo Shrine (Treasure No. 142) are highly damaged physical weathering which are crack, exfoliation. Pigment of surface are discolored by chemical weathering like dust. The result of ultrasonic velocity measurement, low velocity zone was measured the lowest part of Woojanggun Statue. Deficiency condition of pigment layer was evaluated quantitatively through infrared Thermography. As a result, exfoliation part was detected at high temperature. Making techniques of the Clay statues were identified by gamma rays, infrared TV, SEM. All Clay Statues were founded on wood base and joints of wood were fixed using thin iron wires. After wood base was twisted a straw rope, it was made by clay. Clay was blended with rice straw to prevention of crack and exfoliation. The upper side of clay layer was coated with Hanji(Korean handmade paper) and cotton in order to isolate the pigment layer.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

In the present study, kenaf fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide using soaking and ultrasonic methods prior to biocomposite processing, respectively. The effect of alkali treatment on the kenaf-PLA interfacial adhesion and mechanical and thermal characteristics of kenaf/poly(lactic acid) biocomposites was investigated in terms of their interfacial shear strength, flexural properties, dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability and also microscopic observations of kenaf fibers and the composite fracture surfaces. As a result, use of both soaking and ultrasonic methods for treating kenaf fiber surfaces played a role in increasing the fiber-matrix adhesion and the mechanical properties of the biocomposites. Their characteristics depended not only on the fiber surface treatment method but also on the treatment condition like alkali concentration and treatment time.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2010

목적: 모반양 기저세포암 증후군 (Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome) 또는 골린-골츠 증후군은 한국에서는 흔하지 않은 증후군으로 주로 상염색체 우성으로 유전하고 다기관 장애가 나타날 수 있으며 높은 표현율과 다양한 표현도를 특징으로 한다. 모반양 기저세포암 증후군의 진단 기준에는 다발성 기저세포암, 이소성 석회화(ectopic calcification), 손 또는 발바닥 오목 (palma or plantar pits), 치성 각화 낭종(odontogenic keratocysts), 가족력 및 골격계, 신경계, 안, 비뇨생식계 및 심장혈관의 이상 등이 있다. 본원에서 주로 두부의 다발성 기저세포암을 가진 모반양 기저세포암 증후군 환자를 경험하여 보고하고자 한다. 방법: 환자는 2007년 4월 두부의 색소성 모반으로 피부과에서 시행한 펀치 생검에서 기저세포암을 진단받고 의뢰되었으며, 이후 2009년 7월까지 14회의 추가적인 절제 및 조직 검사를 시행하였다. 환자는 갑상샘 유두암종의 재발로 인해 갑상샘 절제술을 2회 시행한 과거력이 있었으며 이학적 검사와 일반 혈액, 소변, 간 기능 및 갑상선 기능 검사를 시행하였고, 흉부와 늑골 방사선 검사, 심전도와 안면부 및 두부 컴퓨터단층촬영과 유전자 검사를 시행하였다. 결과: 두부와 안면부에서 절제한 27개의 병변 중 23개(85%)가 기저세포암으로 진단되었으며, 치성 각화 낭종과 대뇌겸 석회화, 이학적 검사에서 손바닥 오목이 발견되었다. 하복부 초음파에서 난소 낭종이 발견되었으나 조직 검사는 시행되지 않았다. 결론: 한국에서 모반양 기저세포암 증후군에 대한 연구는 주로 치과와 피부과 영역에서 국한되었으며, 특히 치과 영역에서의 보고는 치성 각화 낭종 및 손바닥 오목에 초점을 둔 것이 대부분이었다. 이에 본원에서는 주로 두부의 다발성 기저세포암을 가진 모반양 기저세포암의 환자를 경험하였으며, 초기에 발견된 작은 병변의 제거 시 2mm의 정상 조직을 포함하여 절제하였어도 3년간의 경과관찰 중 재발없이 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있어 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.398-401
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• 2004

A ten-year-old, female Yorkshire terrier dog with intermittent vomiting, weight loss, polydipsia and depression was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University. On the radiological survey, gas and fluid-filled gastric distention was detected. No contrast medium entraneed to the small bowel, in 60 minutes after contrast medium administration. And marked fluid accumulation in gastric body and thickening of the pyloric mucosa were found with ultrasonograph. So gastric obstruction by reason of pyloric stenosis was strongly suspected. At the surgery, hypertrophied mucosa was resected adequately, and Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty was applied. Microscopically the symptom was characterized by gastric mucosa hyperplasia and mild diffuse Iymphoplasmocytic gastritis. So this condition was diagnosed as chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy. Intermittent vomiting and mild depression were shown for 9 days after the operation. After that, the patient was recovered gradually. One month later, the patient had normal appetite and activity without complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.929-936
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• 2003

We analysed the surgical outcomes of immediate reoperations after mitral valve repair. Material and Method: Eighteen patients who underwent immediate reoperation for failed mitral valve repair from April 1995 through July 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 13 female patients. The mitral valve disease was regurgitation (MR) in 12 patients, stenosis (MS) in 3, and mixed lesion in 3. The etiologies of the valve disease were rheumatic in 9 patients, degenerative in 8, and endocarditis in 1. The causes of reoperation was residual MR in 13 patients, residual MS in 4, and rupture of left ventricle in 1. Fourteen patients had rerepair for residual mitral lesions (77.8%) and four underwent replacement. Result: There was no early death. After mean follow-vp of 33 months, there was one late death. Echocardiography revealed no or grade 1 of MR (64.3%) in 9 patients and no or mild MS in 11 patients (78,6%). Reoperation was done in one patient. The cumulative survival and freedom from valve-related reoperation at 6 years were 94% and 90%, respectively. The cumulative freedom from recurrent MR and MS at 4 years were 56% and 44%, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that immediate reoperation for failed mitral valve repair offers good early and intermediate survival, and mitral valve rerepair can be successfully performed in most of patients. However, because mitral rerepair have high failure rate, especially in rheumatic valve disease, adequate selections of valvuloplasty technique and indication are important to reduce the failure rate of mitral rerepair.

• Composites Research
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.199-205
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• 2019

The composite material has the advantage that the fibers can be arranged in a desired direction and can be manufactured in one piece. However, micro voids can be formed due to micro air, moisture or improper curing temperature or pressure, which may cause the deterioration in mechanical strength. In this paper, the composite panels with different thicknesses were made by varying the curing pressure in an autoclave vacuum bag process and their microporosities were evaluated. Microporosity was measured by image analysis method, acid digestion method, and combustion method and their correlation with ultrasonic attenuation coefficient was analyzed. From the test results, it was found that the acid digestion method had the highest accuracy and the lower the curing pressure, the higher the microporosity and the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient. In addition, the microporosity and the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient were increased as the thickness of the composite panel was increased at the same curing pressure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.136-141
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• 2003

We assessed the intermediate-term result of tricuspid annuloplasty (TAP) for tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) associated with congenital heart disease in adults. Risk factors for residual TR were also analysed. Material and Method: From August 1989 to June 2001, seventy three adult patients, 51 females and 22 males, underwent TAP for TR associated with various congenital heart disease. Their age ranged from 46 years to 73 years (mean:43). Associated heart anomalies were atrial septal defect (55), ventricular septal defect (6), partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (4) and others (8). Preoperative and post-operative TR velocities were 3.25 m/sec and 2.56 m/sec respectively, and the types of TAP were De Vega in 43, Kay in 18 and Ring annuloplasty in 12. Postoperative follow-up duration was 2,347 patient-month (mean: 32.6 months), and 134 two-dimensional echocardiographic examinations were done during this period. Residual TR greater than III/IV was considered as TAP failure. Result: TAP failure was observed in 7 patients (9.6%), and one patient among them underwent tricuspid valve replacement. Risk factors for TAP failure were diagnosis other than atrial septal defect (p=0.001), preoperative (p=0.038) and postoperative (p=0.028) high TR velocity. There was no statistical significance in terms of TAP methods. Conclusion: Careful evaluation of valve morphology and aggressive surgical intervention are mandatory for the repair of TR with preoperative or residual RV pressure overload.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.820-827
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• 2003

Background: Mitral valve repair rather than replacement for mitral regurgitation (MR) offers a number of well-accepted benefits. However, the surgical results of repair for mitral valve endocarditis remain largely unknown. Material and Method: Fourteen patients who underwent mitral valve repair for MR caused by mitral valve endocarditis from April 1995 through October 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 9 male patients and mean age was 32$\pm$10 years. Four patients had previous embolism and 2 had active infections. The grade of MR were III in 6 patients and IV in 8. Operatively, mitral annuloplasty was performed in 12 patients and various valvuloplasty techniques were applied in all patients. One patient had immediate valve replacement due to residual MR after weaning of cardiopulmonary bypass. Result: There was no early operative death. Early postoperative transthoracic echocardiography revealed no or grade I of MR and no or mild mitral stenosis in 13 patients. After the mean follow-up of 36 months, there was no late death, and no or grade I of MR in 11 patients (84.6%) and no or mild mitral stenosis in 12 patients (92.3%). Reoperation required in one patient (7.1%). The cumulative freedom from recurrent MR and valve-related reoperation at 5 years were 91$\pm$9% and 75$\pm$22%, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation caused by endocarditis offers good early and intermediate survival and functional improvement without reinfection, and it is an attractive alternative to valve replacement in selective patients with bacterial endocariditis.