• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.17-30
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• 2000

In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm to produce 3-D surface model from a set of range data, based on NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines) surface fitting technique. It is assumed that the range data is initially unorganized and scattered 3-D points, while their connectivity is also unknown. The proposed algorithm consists of three steps: initial model approximation, hierarchical representation, and construction of the NURBS patch network. The mitral model is approximated by polyhedral and triangular model using K-means clustering technique Then, the initial model is represented by hierarchically decomposed tree structure. Based on this, $G^1$ continuous NURBS patch network is constructed efficiently. The computational complexity as well as the modeling error is much reduced by means of hierarchical decomposition and precise approximation of the NURBS control mesh Experimental results show that the initial model as well as the NURBS patch network are constructed automatically, while the modeling error is observed to be negligible.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.155-162
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• 2007

For providing smart home service, middleware technologies for electronic appliance control by network and user location information for location based service are important. Recently research using ultrasonic and radio signal are affected by the obstacle. In this paper, we suggest inertial sensor that is not affected by the obstacle. Also, we use RFID for initializing position. It solve error accumulation and position initialize problem. In this paper, we suggest following system for smarthome service and localization. This system are composed smarthome middleware, user localization system on middleware, inertial sensor and RFID Reader. This system shows operation without affect of obstacle in smarthome environment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.8B no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2001

컴퓨터 시각 인식 방법을 이용하여 얼굴의 3차원 움직임 량을 추정하고자 하는 연구는 가상 현실 환경에서 얼굴 움직임에 의한 3차원 그래픽 화면 조정, 시뮬레이터에서의 훈련자 얼굴 움직임에 의한 화면 조정 및 모니터상의 시선 위치 파악 등을 위해 필수적으로 요구되는 기술로서 최근 활발히 연구되고 있다. 기존에 얼굴의 3차원 움직임 량을 추정하고자 하는 연구들은 대부분 확장 칼만 필터(extended kalman filter)를 이용하였으나, 이러한 방법은 필터의 초기 값을 정확하게 설정해야하는 제약 요소를 갖고 있으며, 또한 얼굴의 회전 방향 변화 시 이에 대처하지 못하는 경우 역시 종종 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 확장 칼만 필터의 변형 형태인 반복적 확장 칼만 필터를 이용하여 얼굴의 3차원 움직임 량을 추정하였다. 반복적 확장 칼만 필터에서는 확장 칼만 필터에서 계산되어 나오는 추정 오차 공분산 행렬 값이 미리 정해진 임계치보다 커지는 경우, 현재 얼굴의 움직임 량을 제대로 추정하지 못하고 있는 것으로 판단하여 칼만 필터에서 사용하는 회전 및 이동 속도, 그리고 회전 및 이동 각 속도를 변형함으로써 얼굴의 움직임 량을 정확하게 추정할 수 있도록 하는 방법이다. 실험 결과 반복적 확장 칼만 필터를 사용하였을 경우에 얼굴의 급격한 회전 방향 변화에도 얼굴의 3차원 움직임 량을 정확하게 추정할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.470-475
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• 2009

This paper is the study which is head tracker using pattern matching. Proposal algorithm obtains initial attitude of head tracker using pattern matching. Optical head tracker consists of infrared LEDs(features) which are attached helmet as pattern, stereo infrared cameras. Proposal algorithm analyzes patterns by error rate of feature distance and estimates feature characteristic number. Initial attitude of head tracker is obtained to compare map data and feature characteristic number.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.429-437
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• 2019

This paper deals with a ZEM (Zero-Effort-Miss) based guidance law for the interception of moving targets and characteristics of the guidance law according to time-to-go estimation methods. To derive the ZEM vector feedback guidance command, we introduce a polynomial function with unknown coefficient, and then we determine the coefficient to satisfy initial and terminal constraints. Since the directions of the guidance command and ZEM vectors are adjusted by the time-to-go, general time-to-go estimation methods are proposed, which can generate the vertical and horizontal guidance commands with respect to an arbitrary reference frame. By performing various numerical simulations, the performance and characteristics of the proposed methods are investigated.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.181-197
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• 2003

Notion Compensation(MC) technique using Sub-Band Coding with the hierarchical structure is efficient to estimate real motion. In the hierarchical pyramid method, low-band MC pyramid method is popular, where the upper layer estimate the glover motion and next lower layer estimate the local motion. The low-band MC pyramid scheme has two problems. First, because the quantization errors at lower layer are accumulated when using coding and quantizing, it is impossible to search the exact Motion Vector(MV) Second, because of the top-down search problem in the hierarchical structure, MV mismatch in upper layer causes serious MV in lower layer So. we propose new hierarchical MC pyramid method based on edge classification. In this Paper, we show that the performance of proposed Pass-band motion compensation pyramid technique is better than low-band motion compensation pyramid. Also, in the pyramid motion estimation, we propose initial MV estimation scheme based on the edge-pattern classification. As a result, we find that PSNR was increased.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.38-44
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• 1997

In this study, wer derived LMF-Sato, LMSF-Sato complex blind equalization algorithms for complex data. And then, the convergence rates, the convergence characteristics at the steady state and the stability of the proposed LMF and LMSF blind equalization algorithms are compared with those of LMS-Sato blind equalization algorithm. In simulations with 16-QAM data, LMF-Sato and LMSF-Sato algorithms showed better performance comparing with LMS-Sato algorithm generally. When the initial estimation errors of the weights of the equalizer are large, LMF-Sato algorithm showed ill characteristic in stability. However, LMSF-Sato algorithm has good covergence characteristics and preserves robustness.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.4
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• pp.83-92
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 Jue Chang 과 John R. Glover 가 1993년에 제안한 회귀적 적응 주기 신호 검출기[1]를 소개하고 이를 구현하기 위한 최적의 실시간 알고리즘을 제안하여 회귀적 주기 신호 검출기의 실용적인 응용 예를 제시하였다. 회귀적 적응 주기신호 검출기(FALE:Feedback Adaptive Line Enhancer)는 기존의 적응 주기 신호 검출기에 회귀 경로를 달아줌으로써, 필터 차수를 같게 했을 때 낮은 신호 대 잡음비 환경 하에서 더 높은 필터 이득과 더 낮은 추정 오차를 얻을 수 있다. 회귀 경로를 통해 들어오는 필터 출력 신호는 회귀 이득 상수 값에 따라 전체 시스템의 성능이 달라지므로 최적의 회귀 이득 상수를 찾아내는 것이 중요하며 이는 회귀 이득 상수를 변화시키며 최적의 결과값(최소 추정오차)을 유도하는 실험을 통해 얻을 수 있다. 한편, 이를 구현하는 문제에 있어서는 일잔 최적의 회귀 이득 상수 값이 정해지면 회귀 이득 상수가 초기 값으로부터 최적 값에 도달하는 변화율과 변화 유형이 시스템의 실시간 구현 및 성능에 중요한 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 논문에서는 실험을 통해 최적의 구현 알고리즘을 찾아냄으로써 Jue Chang 과 John R, Glover가 제시한 이론적인 수렴율과 수렴 성능을 유지하면서 실시간으로 동작하는 시스템을 구현하고 모의실험을 통한 성능분석 결과를 제시하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.263-274
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• 2010

Business survey index(BSI) is an economic forecasting index made on the basis of the past achievement of the company and enterpriser's plan and decision for the future. Even the index is very popular in economic situations, only a little research result is known to the public. In the paper we investigate statistical properties of BSI. We define population BSI in the finite population and estimate it unbiasedly. Also we derive the variance of the estimated BSI and its unbiased estimator. In addition, confidence interval of the estimated BSI is proposed. We asserte that confidence interval of the estimated BSI is more reasonable than the relative standard error.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.738-743
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• 2012

Kalman filter is generally used in INS/GPS integrated navigation filter. However, the INS with low performance inertia sensor can not find accurate azimuth in initial alignment stage because sensor noise level is too large compare to Earth rotation rate, therefore the performance and stability of Kalman filter can not be guaranteed. In this paper, the extended Kalman filter and particle filter combined filter structure which can be overcome large initial azimuth error is proposed.